SlideShare a Scribd company logo
1 of 2
Download to read offline
Sharon Elizabeth Metcalfe*
Associate Professor, USA
*Corresponding author: Sharon Elizabeth Metcalfe, Associate Professor, Asheville, North Carolina 28804, USA
Submission: January 31, 2018; Published: February 21, 2018
International Clinical Nursing Leadership
Mentoring: Enriching Student’s Knowledge
Abstract
Nurses in today’s dynamically evolving health care profession are expected to have the knowledge and expertise for caring for the wide diversity
of people that comprise the patient populations in the hospitals and clinical environments around the globe. This article presents a unique and special
international program that promotes the acquisition of knowledge by novice nursing students concerning the care of a diversity of pediatric patients
through having the mentoring and guidance of nursing clinical leaders. The program has been established for eleven years and is based with two
university schools of nursing and two children’s hospitals in the United States and the United Kingdom. The purpose of this article is to showcase this
program and introduce a vehicle for introducing nursing students to caring for diverse people through successful programs such as this one.
Keywords: International; Mentoring; Cultural diversity; Collaborative programs
International Nursing Leadership Clinical Placements
The profession of nursing has become globally based and nurses
are now expected to practice with a wealth of knowledge regarding
the increasing diversity of the world’s population and emerging
cultures [1]. Nurses that practice both in the United States, as well
as abroad throughout the world, are learning about the customs of
people of multiple cultures and emerging diversities. The Sullivan
Report on diversity in the health care professions additionally
showcased the need for an increase in diversity of the members in
the health professions, as well as for those in the health professions
to engage their knowledge in learning and becoming culturally
competent in understanding the world’s dynamically changing
population [2]. Nurses in today’s dramatically evolving health care
environment must be aware of cultural differences and similarities
in patient populations and be prepared for caring for patients from
a wealth of cultures, as well as unique backgrounds.
In order to help nursing students to become more culturally
competent and aware of global cultural care with pediatric patients,
a special and individualized collaborative program was developed
between two universities and two children’s hospitals in the United
States and the United Kingdom [3]. The program’s primary focus
is to have students from both the United States and the United
Kingdom become clinically immersed on a specialized children’s
unit with the personal attention and mentoring of a clinical nurse
leader that would help guide the student in understanding the
cultural differences and similarities in both the patients, as well as
the nursing care of the children. The purpose of this program is to
help broaden the student’s knowledge base of the leadership role
of the nursing clinical leader mentor, and to enrich the students’ 3
understanding of the nursing profession in clinical areas abroad.
The program was initiated in 2005, and is currently in 2018, and
is in its eleventh year of progression. Students are led by nursing
leaders in a wide array of diverse patient care wards that range from
Accident & Emergency, the Operating Theater, the High Intensity
Intensive Care Unit, the Pediatric Oncology ward, the Neurotrauma
ward, and Community Outreach which ranges from Palliative
Care, Hospice, and Community-based Home Visiting of children
in chronic conditions. Again, the primary focus of the program is
for the nursing clinical leader to demonstrate leadership abilities
and nursing care to the range of nursing students (traditional age
to graduate nursing students) that are enrolled in the program.
This program is presented each academic year, and students from
the United States travel to the United Kingdom over Spring Break,
and students from the United Kingdom travel to the United States
during the winter break for their clinical leadership immersions.
A highlight of this program is additionally that students from both
universities present nursing care presentations to their visiting
health care professionals at both children’s hospitals during the
trip.
Topics have ranged from childhood obesity, diabetes, autism
spectrum disorder, oncological conditions, and mental illness such
as addiction. These presentations are warmly received at each of
the children’s hospitals with nursing students, professional nurses,
and inter professional care givers such as physicians in attendance.
Programs such as these helps strengthen the knowledge regarding
85Copyright © All rights are reserved by Sharon Elizabeth Metcalfe.
Volume 1 - Issue - 4
Mini Review
COJ Nursing & Healthcare
C CRIMSON PUBLISHERS
Wings to the Research
ISSN: 2577-2007
COJ Nurse Healthcare Copyright © Sharon Elizabeth Metcalfe
86
How to cite this article: Sharon E M. International Clinical Nursing Leadership Mentoring: Enriching Student’s Knowledge. COJ Nurse Healthcare. 1(4).
COJNH.000517. 2018. DOI: 10.31031/COJNH.2018.01.000517
Volume 1 - Issue - 4
cultural diversity of patients such as children and the strengths
of the nursing profession with novice nursing students as they
develop into professional nurses.
References
1.	 Berlund A, Richards J, Lund KD (2010) A Canadian-Bangladesh
partnership for nursing education: Case study. International Nursing
Review 57(3): 352-358.
2.	 The Sullivan Commission (2004) Missing persons: Minorities in the
health care profession. A report of the Sullivan Commission on diversity
in the health care workforce. Sullivan Commission.
3.	 Metcalfe SE (2017) Developing international clinical placements:
Enhancing students’ awareness. POJ Nursing Practice & Research 1(4):
1-7.
Your subsequent submission with Crimson Publishers
will attain the below benefits
•	 High-level peer review and editorial services
•	 Freely accessible online immediately upon publication
•	 Authors retain the copyright to their work
•	 Licensing it under a Creative Commons license
•	 Visibility through different online platforms
•	 Global attainment for your research
•	 Article availability in different formats (Pdf, E-pub, Full Text)
•	 Endless customer service
•	 Reasonable Membership services
•	 Reprints availability upon request
•	 One step article tracking system
For possible submissions Click Here Submit Article
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0
International License

More Related Content

What's hot

Cultural Competence And Global Health Workers
Cultural Competence And Global Health WorkersCultural Competence And Global Health Workers
Cultural Competence And Global Health Workersguest1a0563
 
Significance of nursing education 2017
Significance of nursing education 2017Significance of nursing education 2017
Significance of nursing education 2017Maria Houston
 
Iau india presentation new-sarah pptx
Iau  india presentation new-sarah pptxIau  india presentation new-sarah pptx
Iau india presentation new-sarah pptxredrishan
 
CV JANET TAROLLI 24MAR2016
CV JANET TAROLLI 24MAR2016CV JANET TAROLLI 24MAR2016
CV JANET TAROLLI 24MAR2016Janet Tarolli
 
Nutrition & Hydration Training Courses
Nutrition & Hydration Training Courses Nutrition & Hydration Training Courses
Nutrition & Hydration Training Courses The Pathway Group
 
The 2015 American College of Nurse-Midwives Annual Meeting
The 2015 American College of Nurse-Midwives Annual MeetingThe 2015 American College of Nurse-Midwives Annual Meeting
The 2015 American College of Nurse-Midwives Annual MeetingBarbara Bechtel Midwife
 
Annual Report 09212015
Annual Report 09212015Annual Report 09212015
Annual Report 09212015Morgan Henson
 
GH Cirriculum: Richard Quint
GH Cirriculum: Richard QuintGH Cirriculum: Richard Quint
GH Cirriculum: Richard QuintUWGlobalHealth
 
“Nurses: Past to present a vision for Health care"
“Nurses: Past to present a vision for Health care"“Nurses: Past to present a vision for Health care"
“Nurses: Past to present a vision for Health care"Asokan R
 
Nurse Practitioner Programs - The Top Nurse Practitioner Programs
Nurse Practitioner Programs - The Top Nurse Practitioner ProgramsNurse Practitioner Programs - The Top Nurse Practitioner Programs
Nurse Practitioner Programs - The Top Nurse Practitioner Programssean38
 
Coursera ushealthcare 2015
Coursera ushealthcare 2015Coursera ushealthcare 2015
Coursera ushealthcare 2015Carole Abumoussa
 
Carlos M. Barrera Resume
Carlos M. Barrera ResumeCarlos M. Barrera Resume
Carlos M. Barrera ResumeCarlos Barrera
 
Fantasy cv
Fantasy cvFantasy cv
Fantasy cvantone04
 
Pre internship resume
Pre internship resumePre internship resume
Pre internship resumekgreine
 
The effectiveness of an intrusive advising program on students on
The effectiveness of an intrusive advising program on students onThe effectiveness of an intrusive advising program on students on
The effectiveness of an intrusive advising program on students onChristie Ann Cruise, PhD
 
A need based multi-disciplinary community approach to ailments
A need based multi-disciplinary community approach to ailmentsA need based multi-disciplinary community approach to ailments
A need based multi-disciplinary community approach to ailmentsOmics14
 
Broadening Diversity in Alopecia Areata Clinical Trial Participants
Broadening Diversity in Alopecia Areata Clinical Trial ParticipantsBroadening Diversity in Alopecia Areata Clinical Trial Participants
Broadening Diversity in Alopecia Areata Clinical Trial ParticipantsNational Alopecia Areata Foundation
 

What's hot (20)

Cultural Competence And Global Health Workers
Cultural Competence And Global Health WorkersCultural Competence And Global Health Workers
Cultural Competence And Global Health Workers
 
Press Release 2014
Press Release 2014Press Release 2014
Press Release 2014
 
Significance of nursing education 2017
Significance of nursing education 2017Significance of nursing education 2017
Significance of nursing education 2017
 
Iau india presentation new-sarah pptx
Iau  india presentation new-sarah pptxIau  india presentation new-sarah pptx
Iau india presentation new-sarah pptx
 
CV JANET TAROLLI 24MAR2016
CV JANET TAROLLI 24MAR2016CV JANET TAROLLI 24MAR2016
CV JANET TAROLLI 24MAR2016
 
Nutrition & Hydration Training Courses
Nutrition & Hydration Training Courses Nutrition & Hydration Training Courses
Nutrition & Hydration Training Courses
 
The 2015 American College of Nurse-Midwives Annual Meeting
The 2015 American College of Nurse-Midwives Annual MeetingThe 2015 American College of Nurse-Midwives Annual Meeting
The 2015 American College of Nurse-Midwives Annual Meeting
 
Annual Report 09212015
Annual Report 09212015Annual Report 09212015
Annual Report 09212015
 
GH Cirriculum: Richard Quint
GH Cirriculum: Richard QuintGH Cirriculum: Richard Quint
GH Cirriculum: Richard Quint
 
“Nurses: Past to present a vision for Health care"
“Nurses: Past to present a vision for Health care"“Nurses: Past to present a vision for Health care"
“Nurses: Past to present a vision for Health care"
 
Nurse Practitioner Programs - The Top Nurse Practitioner Programs
Nurse Practitioner Programs - The Top Nurse Practitioner ProgramsNurse Practitioner Programs - The Top Nurse Practitioner Programs
Nurse Practitioner Programs - The Top Nurse Practitioner Programs
 
Coursera ushealthcare 2015
Coursera ushealthcare 2015Coursera ushealthcare 2015
Coursera ushealthcare 2015
 
Challenges facing nursing higher education
Challenges facing nursing higher education Challenges facing nursing higher education
Challenges facing nursing higher education
 
Carlos M. Barrera Resume
Carlos M. Barrera ResumeCarlos M. Barrera Resume
Carlos M. Barrera Resume
 
EU Alt Med Pub
EU Alt Med PubEU Alt Med Pub
EU Alt Med Pub
 
Fantasy cv
Fantasy cvFantasy cv
Fantasy cv
 
Pre internship resume
Pre internship resumePre internship resume
Pre internship resume
 
The effectiveness of an intrusive advising program on students on
The effectiveness of an intrusive advising program on students onThe effectiveness of an intrusive advising program on students on
The effectiveness of an intrusive advising program on students on
 
A need based multi-disciplinary community approach to ailments
A need based multi-disciplinary community approach to ailmentsA need based multi-disciplinary community approach to ailments
A need based multi-disciplinary community approach to ailments
 
Broadening Diversity in Alopecia Areata Clinical Trial Participants
Broadening Diversity in Alopecia Areata Clinical Trial ParticipantsBroadening Diversity in Alopecia Areata Clinical Trial Participants
Broadening Diversity in Alopecia Areata Clinical Trial Participants
 

Similar to International Clinical Nursing Leadership Mentoring: Enriching Student's Knowledge by Sharon Elizabeth Metcalfe* in Crimson Publishers: Medical Rehabilitation

Contents lists available at ScienceDirectJournal of Profes
Contents lists available at ScienceDirectJournal of ProfesContents lists available at ScienceDirectJournal of Profes
Contents lists available at ScienceDirectJournal of ProfesAlleneMcclendon878
 
Nurse Education Today 87 (2020) 104348Contents lists avail.docx
Nurse Education Today 87 (2020) 104348Contents lists avail.docxNurse Education Today 87 (2020) 104348Contents lists avail.docx
Nurse Education Today 87 (2020) 104348Contents lists avail.docxhoney725342
 
A Toolkit For Developing A Summer Nursing Boot Camp For High School ...
A  Toolkit For  Developing A  Summer  Nursing  Boot  Camp For  High  School  ...A  Toolkit For  Developing A  Summer  Nursing  Boot  Camp For  High  School  ...
A Toolkit For Developing A Summer Nursing Boot Camp For High School ...Susan Sanner
 
Global Health Exchange Fellowship Programme EVALUATION REPORT 2016
Global Health Exchange Fellowship Programme EVALUATION REPORT 2016Global Health Exchange Fellowship Programme EVALUATION REPORT 2016
Global Health Exchange Fellowship Programme EVALUATION REPORT 2016Charlotte Tulinius
 
A Toolkit For Developing A Summer Nursing Boot Camp For High School Students
A Toolkit For Developing A Summer Nursing Boot Camp For High School StudentsA Toolkit For Developing A Summer Nursing Boot Camp For High School Students
A Toolkit For Developing A Summer Nursing Boot Camp For High School StudentsClayton State University
 
Currents trends and issues in management in nursing
Currents trends and issues in management in nursingCurrents trends and issues in management in nursing
Currents trends and issues in management in nursingAnzuBista1
 
Running Head HEALTH PROBLEMS IN U.S.A 1 HEALTH PROBLEMS I.docx
Running Head HEALTH PROBLEMS IN U.S.A 1 HEALTH PROBLEMS I.docxRunning Head HEALTH PROBLEMS IN U.S.A 1 HEALTH PROBLEMS I.docx
Running Head HEALTH PROBLEMS IN U.S.A 1 HEALTH PROBLEMS I.docxwlynn1
 
Current trends in nursing administration
Current trends in nursing administrationCurrent trends in nursing administration
Current trends in nursing administrationGayathri R
 
GH Poster, Angela Ugorets
GH Poster, Angela UgoretsGH Poster, Angela Ugorets
GH Poster, Angela UgoretsAngela Ugorets
 
nursing education
nursing educationnursing education
nursing educationLalu Ivan
 
Lancet porvenir enfermería
Lancet porvenir enfermeríaLancet porvenir enfermería
Lancet porvenir enfermeríaJosé Piscoya
 
LD-Nursing-report-Jan-15-Final
LD-Nursing-report-Jan-15-FinalLD-Nursing-report-Jan-15-Final
LD-Nursing-report-Jan-15-FinalJulian Seal
 
The Cardiac Progressive Care Unit Essay.pdf
The Cardiac Progressive Care Unit Essay.pdfThe Cardiac Progressive Care Unit Essay.pdf
The Cardiac Progressive Care Unit Essay.pdfsdfghj21
 
Madeleine leininger tfn report
Madeleine leininger tfn reportMadeleine leininger tfn report
Madeleine leininger tfn reportNursing Student
 
Chapter 1.pdf
Chapter 1.pdfChapter 1.pdf
Chapter 1.pdfKrisLim7
 
Careersinnursing 140728005339-phpapp01
Careersinnursing 140728005339-phpapp01Careersinnursing 140728005339-phpapp01
Careersinnursing 140728005339-phpapp01Mital Patel
 

Similar to International Clinical Nursing Leadership Mentoring: Enriching Student's Knowledge by Sharon Elizabeth Metcalfe* in Crimson Publishers: Medical Rehabilitation (20)

Contents lists available at ScienceDirectJournal of Profes
Contents lists available at ScienceDirectJournal of ProfesContents lists available at ScienceDirectJournal of Profes
Contents lists available at ScienceDirectJournal of Profes
 
Nurse Education Today 87 (2020) 104348Contents lists avail.docx
Nurse Education Today 87 (2020) 104348Contents lists avail.docxNurse Education Today 87 (2020) 104348Contents lists avail.docx
Nurse Education Today 87 (2020) 104348Contents lists avail.docx
 
vinitha INP.pptx
vinitha INP.pptxvinitha INP.pptx
vinitha INP.pptx
 
A Toolkit For Developing A Summer Nursing Boot Camp For High School ...
A  Toolkit For  Developing A  Summer  Nursing  Boot  Camp For  High  School  ...A  Toolkit For  Developing A  Summer  Nursing  Boot  Camp For  High  School  ...
A Toolkit For Developing A Summer Nursing Boot Camp For High School ...
 
Global Health Exchange Fellowship Programme EVALUATION REPORT 2016
Global Health Exchange Fellowship Programme EVALUATION REPORT 2016Global Health Exchange Fellowship Programme EVALUATION REPORT 2016
Global Health Exchange Fellowship Programme EVALUATION REPORT 2016
 
A Toolkit For Developing A Summer Nursing Boot Camp For High School Students
A Toolkit For Developing A Summer Nursing Boot Camp For High School StudentsA Toolkit For Developing A Summer Nursing Boot Camp For High School Students
A Toolkit For Developing A Summer Nursing Boot Camp For High School Students
 
Currents trends and issues in management in nursing
Currents trends and issues in management in nursingCurrents trends and issues in management in nursing
Currents trends and issues in management in nursing
 
Running Head HEALTH PROBLEMS IN U.S.A 1 HEALTH PROBLEMS I.docx
Running Head HEALTH PROBLEMS IN U.S.A 1 HEALTH PROBLEMS I.docxRunning Head HEALTH PROBLEMS IN U.S.A 1 HEALTH PROBLEMS I.docx
Running Head HEALTH PROBLEMS IN U.S.A 1 HEALTH PROBLEMS I.docx
 
Current trends in nursing administration
Current trends in nursing administrationCurrent trends in nursing administration
Current trends in nursing administration
 
Nursing Essay Sample
Nursing Essay SampleNursing Essay Sample
Nursing Essay Sample
 
GH Poster, Angela Ugorets
GH Poster, Angela UgoretsGH Poster, Angela Ugorets
GH Poster, Angela Ugorets
 
nursing education
nursing educationnursing education
nursing education
 
Lancet porvenir enfermería
Lancet porvenir enfermeríaLancet porvenir enfermería
Lancet porvenir enfermería
 
Nsg-312_F09-1
Nsg-312_F09-1Nsg-312_F09-1
Nsg-312_F09-1
 
LD-Nursing-report-Jan-15-Final
LD-Nursing-report-Jan-15-FinalLD-Nursing-report-Jan-15-Final
LD-Nursing-report-Jan-15-Final
 
The Cardiac Progressive Care Unit Essay.pdf
The Cardiac Progressive Care Unit Essay.pdfThe Cardiac Progressive Care Unit Essay.pdf
The Cardiac Progressive Care Unit Essay.pdf
 
Madeleine leininger tfn report
Madeleine leininger tfn reportMadeleine leininger tfn report
Madeleine leininger tfn report
 
Mcn(2)
Mcn(2)Mcn(2)
Mcn(2)
 
Chapter 1.pdf
Chapter 1.pdfChapter 1.pdf
Chapter 1.pdf
 
Careersinnursing 140728005339-phpapp01
Careersinnursing 140728005339-phpapp01Careersinnursing 140728005339-phpapp01
Careersinnursing 140728005339-phpapp01
 

More from Crimsonpublisherscojnh

Occupational Health Nurse’s in Champagne County from the Occupational Health ...
Occupational Health Nurse’s in Champagne County from the Occupational Health ...Occupational Health Nurse’s in Champagne County from the Occupational Health ...
Occupational Health Nurse’s in Champagne County from the Occupational Health ...Crimsonpublisherscojnh
 
The Risk Factors that Affecting the Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) Injury i...
The Risk Factors that Affecting the Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) Injury i...The Risk Factors that Affecting the Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) Injury i...
The Risk Factors that Affecting the Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) Injury i...Crimsonpublisherscojnh
 
International Clinical Nursing Leadership Mentoring: Enriching Student's Know...
International Clinical Nursing Leadership Mentoring: Enriching Student's Know...International Clinical Nursing Leadership Mentoring: Enriching Student's Know...
International Clinical Nursing Leadership Mentoring: Enriching Student's Know...Crimsonpublisherscojnh
 
Multiple Chemical Sensitivity (MCS) and Electromagnetic Hypersensitivity (EHS...
Multiple Chemical Sensitivity (MCS) and Electromagnetic Hypersensitivity (EHS...Multiple Chemical Sensitivity (MCS) and Electromagnetic Hypersensitivity (EHS...
Multiple Chemical Sensitivity (MCS) and Electromagnetic Hypersensitivity (EHS...Crimsonpublisherscojnh
 
Nurses' Spiritual Well-Being and Patients' Spiritual Care in Iran by Sepideh ...
Nurses' Spiritual Well-Being and Patients' Spiritual Care in Iran by Sepideh ...Nurses' Spiritual Well-Being and Patients' Spiritual Care in Iran by Sepideh ...
Nurses' Spiritual Well-Being and Patients' Spiritual Care in Iran by Sepideh ...Crimsonpublisherscojnh
 
Analysis of Relationship Between Associate Degree Nursing Student’s Self-Conf...
Analysis of Relationship Between Associate Degree Nursing Student’s Self-Conf...Analysis of Relationship Between Associate Degree Nursing Student’s Self-Conf...
Analysis of Relationship Between Associate Degree Nursing Student’s Self-Conf...Crimsonpublisherscojnh
 
Isolation, Characterization and Sequencing of Biofilm Bacterial Consortia fro...
Isolation, Characterization and Sequencing of Biofilm Bacterial Consortia fro...Isolation, Characterization and Sequencing of Biofilm Bacterial Consortia fro...
Isolation, Characterization and Sequencing of Biofilm Bacterial Consortia fro...Crimsonpublisherscojnh
 
Cardiorespiratory Arrest Associated with Propranolol use in Thyrotoxic Heart ...
Cardiorespiratory Arrest Associated with Propranolol use in Thyrotoxic Heart ...Cardiorespiratory Arrest Associated with Propranolol use in Thyrotoxic Heart ...
Cardiorespiratory Arrest Associated with Propranolol use in Thyrotoxic Heart ...Crimsonpublisherscojnh
 
Reliability and Validity of the Turkish Version of the Brief Scales for Copin...
Reliability and Validity of the Turkish Version of the Brief Scales for Copin...Reliability and Validity of the Turkish Version of the Brief Scales for Copin...
Reliability and Validity of the Turkish Version of the Brief Scales for Copin...Crimsonpublisherscojnh
 
Recording Recovery Opportunities at Work and Functional Fatigue after Work: T...
Recording Recovery Opportunities at Work and Functional Fatigue after Work: T...Recording Recovery Opportunities at Work and Functional Fatigue after Work: T...
Recording Recovery Opportunities at Work and Functional Fatigue after Work: T...Crimsonpublisherscojnh
 
A Concept Analysis of Interdisciplinary Collaboration in Mental Healthcare by...
A Concept Analysis of Interdisciplinary Collaboration in Mental Healthcare by...A Concept Analysis of Interdisciplinary Collaboration in Mental Healthcare by...
A Concept Analysis of Interdisciplinary Collaboration in Mental Healthcare by...Crimsonpublisherscojnh
 
The Use of Artificial Neural Network and Logistic Regression to Predict the I...
The Use of Artificial Neural Network and Logistic Regression to Predict the I...The Use of Artificial Neural Network and Logistic Regression to Predict the I...
The Use of Artificial Neural Network and Logistic Regression to Predict the I...Crimsonpublisherscojnh
 
Education and Nutritional Self-Care for Basic Level School Communities in Cua...
Education and Nutritional Self-Care for Basic Level School Communities in Cua...Education and Nutritional Self-Care for Basic Level School Communities in Cua...
Education and Nutritional Self-Care for Basic Level School Communities in Cua...Crimsonpublisherscojnh
 
The New Era of Nursing Research_ Crimson Publishers
The New Era of Nursing Research_ Crimson PublishersThe New Era of Nursing Research_ Crimson Publishers
The New Era of Nursing Research_ Crimson PublishersCrimsonpublisherscojnh
 
A Tailored Approach is Key: the Health Guardian for Longevity Program Uses M...
A Tailored Approach is Key: the Health Guardian for  Longevity Program Uses M...A Tailored Approach is Key: the Health Guardian for  Longevity Program Uses M...
A Tailored Approach is Key: the Health Guardian for Longevity Program Uses M...Crimsonpublisherscojnh
 

More from Crimsonpublisherscojnh (16)

COJNH.000522.pdf
COJNH.000522.pdfCOJNH.000522.pdf
COJNH.000522.pdf
 
Occupational Health Nurse’s in Champagne County from the Occupational Health ...
Occupational Health Nurse’s in Champagne County from the Occupational Health ...Occupational Health Nurse’s in Champagne County from the Occupational Health ...
Occupational Health Nurse’s in Champagne County from the Occupational Health ...
 
The Risk Factors that Affecting the Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) Injury i...
The Risk Factors that Affecting the Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) Injury i...The Risk Factors that Affecting the Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) Injury i...
The Risk Factors that Affecting the Anterior Cruciate Ligament (ACL) Injury i...
 
International Clinical Nursing Leadership Mentoring: Enriching Student's Know...
International Clinical Nursing Leadership Mentoring: Enriching Student's Know...International Clinical Nursing Leadership Mentoring: Enriching Student's Know...
International Clinical Nursing Leadership Mentoring: Enriching Student's Know...
 
Multiple Chemical Sensitivity (MCS) and Electromagnetic Hypersensitivity (EHS...
Multiple Chemical Sensitivity (MCS) and Electromagnetic Hypersensitivity (EHS...Multiple Chemical Sensitivity (MCS) and Electromagnetic Hypersensitivity (EHS...
Multiple Chemical Sensitivity (MCS) and Electromagnetic Hypersensitivity (EHS...
 
Nurses' Spiritual Well-Being and Patients' Spiritual Care in Iran by Sepideh ...
Nurses' Spiritual Well-Being and Patients' Spiritual Care in Iran by Sepideh ...Nurses' Spiritual Well-Being and Patients' Spiritual Care in Iran by Sepideh ...
Nurses' Spiritual Well-Being and Patients' Spiritual Care in Iran by Sepideh ...
 
Analysis of Relationship Between Associate Degree Nursing Student’s Self-Conf...
Analysis of Relationship Between Associate Degree Nursing Student’s Self-Conf...Analysis of Relationship Between Associate Degree Nursing Student’s Self-Conf...
Analysis of Relationship Between Associate Degree Nursing Student’s Self-Conf...
 
Isolation, Characterization and Sequencing of Biofilm Bacterial Consortia fro...
Isolation, Characterization and Sequencing of Biofilm Bacterial Consortia fro...Isolation, Characterization and Sequencing of Biofilm Bacterial Consortia fro...
Isolation, Characterization and Sequencing of Biofilm Bacterial Consortia fro...
 
Cardiorespiratory Arrest Associated with Propranolol use in Thyrotoxic Heart ...
Cardiorespiratory Arrest Associated with Propranolol use in Thyrotoxic Heart ...Cardiorespiratory Arrest Associated with Propranolol use in Thyrotoxic Heart ...
Cardiorespiratory Arrest Associated with Propranolol use in Thyrotoxic Heart ...
 
Reliability and Validity of the Turkish Version of the Brief Scales for Copin...
Reliability and Validity of the Turkish Version of the Brief Scales for Copin...Reliability and Validity of the Turkish Version of the Brief Scales for Copin...
Reliability and Validity of the Turkish Version of the Brief Scales for Copin...
 
Recording Recovery Opportunities at Work and Functional Fatigue after Work: T...
Recording Recovery Opportunities at Work and Functional Fatigue after Work: T...Recording Recovery Opportunities at Work and Functional Fatigue after Work: T...
Recording Recovery Opportunities at Work and Functional Fatigue after Work: T...
 
A Concept Analysis of Interdisciplinary Collaboration in Mental Healthcare by...
A Concept Analysis of Interdisciplinary Collaboration in Mental Healthcare by...A Concept Analysis of Interdisciplinary Collaboration in Mental Healthcare by...
A Concept Analysis of Interdisciplinary Collaboration in Mental Healthcare by...
 
The Use of Artificial Neural Network and Logistic Regression to Predict the I...
The Use of Artificial Neural Network and Logistic Regression to Predict the I...The Use of Artificial Neural Network and Logistic Regression to Predict the I...
The Use of Artificial Neural Network and Logistic Regression to Predict the I...
 
Education and Nutritional Self-Care for Basic Level School Communities in Cua...
Education and Nutritional Self-Care for Basic Level School Communities in Cua...Education and Nutritional Self-Care for Basic Level School Communities in Cua...
Education and Nutritional Self-Care for Basic Level School Communities in Cua...
 
The New Era of Nursing Research_ Crimson Publishers
The New Era of Nursing Research_ Crimson PublishersThe New Era of Nursing Research_ Crimson Publishers
The New Era of Nursing Research_ Crimson Publishers
 
A Tailored Approach is Key: the Health Guardian for Longevity Program Uses M...
A Tailored Approach is Key: the Health Guardian for  Longevity Program Uses M...A Tailored Approach is Key: the Health Guardian for  Longevity Program Uses M...
A Tailored Approach is Key: the Health Guardian for Longevity Program Uses M...
 

Recently uploaded

Low Rate Call Girls Pune Esha 9907093804 Short 1500 Night 6000 Best call girl...
Low Rate Call Girls Pune Esha 9907093804 Short 1500 Night 6000 Best call girl...Low Rate Call Girls Pune Esha 9907093804 Short 1500 Night 6000 Best call girl...
Low Rate Call Girls Pune Esha 9907093804 Short 1500 Night 6000 Best call girl...Miss joya
 
Call Girls Service Pune Vaishnavi 9907093804 Short 1500 Night 6000 Best call ...
Call Girls Service Pune Vaishnavi 9907093804 Short 1500 Night 6000 Best call ...Call Girls Service Pune Vaishnavi 9907093804 Short 1500 Night 6000 Best call ...
Call Girls Service Pune Vaishnavi 9907093804 Short 1500 Night 6000 Best call ...Miss joya
 
High Profile Call Girls Jaipur Vani 8445551418 Independent Escort Service Jaipur
High Profile Call Girls Jaipur Vani 8445551418 Independent Escort Service JaipurHigh Profile Call Girls Jaipur Vani 8445551418 Independent Escort Service Jaipur
High Profile Call Girls Jaipur Vani 8445551418 Independent Escort Service Jaipurparulsinha
 
Call Girl Service Bidadi - For 7001305949 Cheap & Best with original Photos
Call Girl Service Bidadi - For 7001305949 Cheap & Best with original PhotosCall Girl Service Bidadi - For 7001305949 Cheap & Best with original Photos
Call Girl Service Bidadi - For 7001305949 Cheap & Best with original Photosnarwatsonia7
 
Call Girls Service in Bommanahalli - 7001305949 with real photos and phone nu...
Call Girls Service in Bommanahalli - 7001305949 with real photos and phone nu...Call Girls Service in Bommanahalli - 7001305949 with real photos and phone nu...
Call Girls Service in Bommanahalli - 7001305949 with real photos and phone nu...narwatsonia7
 
Russian Call Girls in Pune Riya 9907093804 Short 1500 Night 6000 Best call gi...
Russian Call Girls in Pune Riya 9907093804 Short 1500 Night 6000 Best call gi...Russian Call Girls in Pune Riya 9907093804 Short 1500 Night 6000 Best call gi...
Russian Call Girls in Pune Riya 9907093804 Short 1500 Night 6000 Best call gi...Miss joya
 
Hi,Fi Call Girl In Mysore Road - 7001305949 | 24x7 Service Available Near Me
Hi,Fi Call Girl In Mysore Road - 7001305949 | 24x7 Service Available Near MeHi,Fi Call Girl In Mysore Road - 7001305949 | 24x7 Service Available Near Me
Hi,Fi Call Girl In Mysore Road - 7001305949 | 24x7 Service Available Near Menarwatsonia7
 
Call Girls Whitefield Just Call 7001305949 Top Class Call Girl Service Available
Call Girls Whitefield Just Call 7001305949 Top Class Call Girl Service AvailableCall Girls Whitefield Just Call 7001305949 Top Class Call Girl Service Available
Call Girls Whitefield Just Call 7001305949 Top Class Call Girl Service Availablenarwatsonia7
 
VIP Call Girls Indore Kirti 💚😋 9256729539 🚀 Indore Escorts
VIP Call Girls Indore Kirti 💚😋  9256729539 🚀 Indore EscortsVIP Call Girls Indore Kirti 💚😋  9256729539 🚀 Indore Escorts
VIP Call Girls Indore Kirti 💚😋 9256729539 🚀 Indore Escortsaditipandeya
 
VIP Call Girls Tirunelveli Aaradhya 8250192130 Independent Escort Service Tir...
VIP Call Girls Tirunelveli Aaradhya 8250192130 Independent Escort Service Tir...VIP Call Girls Tirunelveli Aaradhya 8250192130 Independent Escort Service Tir...
VIP Call Girls Tirunelveli Aaradhya 8250192130 Independent Escort Service Tir...narwatsonia7
 
College Call Girls Pune Mira 9907093804 Short 1500 Night 6000 Best call girls...
College Call Girls Pune Mira 9907093804 Short 1500 Night 6000 Best call girls...College Call Girls Pune Mira 9907093804 Short 1500 Night 6000 Best call girls...
College Call Girls Pune Mira 9907093804 Short 1500 Night 6000 Best call girls...Miss joya
 
Call Girls Service Bellary Road Just Call 7001305949 Enjoy College Girls Service
Call Girls Service Bellary Road Just Call 7001305949 Enjoy College Girls ServiceCall Girls Service Bellary Road Just Call 7001305949 Enjoy College Girls Service
Call Girls Service Bellary Road Just Call 7001305949 Enjoy College Girls Servicenarwatsonia7
 
CALL ON ➥9907093804 🔝 Call Girls Hadapsar ( Pune) Girls Service
CALL ON ➥9907093804 🔝 Call Girls Hadapsar ( Pune)  Girls ServiceCALL ON ➥9907093804 🔝 Call Girls Hadapsar ( Pune)  Girls Service
CALL ON ➥9907093804 🔝 Call Girls Hadapsar ( Pune) Girls ServiceMiss joya
 
Artifacts in Nuclear Medicine with Identifying and resolving artifacts.
Artifacts in Nuclear Medicine with Identifying and resolving artifacts.Artifacts in Nuclear Medicine with Identifying and resolving artifacts.
Artifacts in Nuclear Medicine with Identifying and resolving artifacts.MiadAlsulami
 
Housewife Call Girls Hoskote | 7001305949 At Low Cost Cash Payment Booking
Housewife Call Girls Hoskote | 7001305949 At Low Cost Cash Payment BookingHousewife Call Girls Hoskote | 7001305949 At Low Cost Cash Payment Booking
Housewife Call Girls Hoskote | 7001305949 At Low Cost Cash Payment Bookingnarwatsonia7
 
Bangalore Call Girls Majestic 📞 9907093804 High Profile Service 100% Safe
Bangalore Call Girls Majestic 📞 9907093804 High Profile Service 100% SafeBangalore Call Girls Majestic 📞 9907093804 High Profile Service 100% Safe
Bangalore Call Girls Majestic 📞 9907093804 High Profile Service 100% Safenarwatsonia7
 
Call Girls Doddaballapur Road Just Call 7001305949 Top Class Call Girl Servic...
Call Girls Doddaballapur Road Just Call 7001305949 Top Class Call Girl Servic...Call Girls Doddaballapur Road Just Call 7001305949 Top Class Call Girl Servic...
Call Girls Doddaballapur Road Just Call 7001305949 Top Class Call Girl Servic...narwatsonia7
 
Kesar Bagh Call Girl Price 9548273370 , Lucknow Call Girls Service
Kesar Bagh Call Girl Price 9548273370 , Lucknow Call Girls ServiceKesar Bagh Call Girl Price 9548273370 , Lucknow Call Girls Service
Kesar Bagh Call Girl Price 9548273370 , Lucknow Call Girls Servicemakika9823
 
Russian Call Girls Chennai Madhuri 9907093804 Independent Call Girls Service ...
Russian Call Girls Chennai Madhuri 9907093804 Independent Call Girls Service ...Russian Call Girls Chennai Madhuri 9907093804 Independent Call Girls Service ...
Russian Call Girls Chennai Madhuri 9907093804 Independent Call Girls Service ...Nehru place Escorts
 
Call Girl Bangalore Nandini 7001305949 Independent Escort Service Bangalore
Call Girl Bangalore Nandini 7001305949 Independent Escort Service BangaloreCall Girl Bangalore Nandini 7001305949 Independent Escort Service Bangalore
Call Girl Bangalore Nandini 7001305949 Independent Escort Service Bangalorenarwatsonia7
 

Recently uploaded (20)

Low Rate Call Girls Pune Esha 9907093804 Short 1500 Night 6000 Best call girl...
Low Rate Call Girls Pune Esha 9907093804 Short 1500 Night 6000 Best call girl...Low Rate Call Girls Pune Esha 9907093804 Short 1500 Night 6000 Best call girl...
Low Rate Call Girls Pune Esha 9907093804 Short 1500 Night 6000 Best call girl...
 
Call Girls Service Pune Vaishnavi 9907093804 Short 1500 Night 6000 Best call ...
Call Girls Service Pune Vaishnavi 9907093804 Short 1500 Night 6000 Best call ...Call Girls Service Pune Vaishnavi 9907093804 Short 1500 Night 6000 Best call ...
Call Girls Service Pune Vaishnavi 9907093804 Short 1500 Night 6000 Best call ...
 
High Profile Call Girls Jaipur Vani 8445551418 Independent Escort Service Jaipur
High Profile Call Girls Jaipur Vani 8445551418 Independent Escort Service JaipurHigh Profile Call Girls Jaipur Vani 8445551418 Independent Escort Service Jaipur
High Profile Call Girls Jaipur Vani 8445551418 Independent Escort Service Jaipur
 
Call Girl Service Bidadi - For 7001305949 Cheap & Best with original Photos
Call Girl Service Bidadi - For 7001305949 Cheap & Best with original PhotosCall Girl Service Bidadi - For 7001305949 Cheap & Best with original Photos
Call Girl Service Bidadi - For 7001305949 Cheap & Best with original Photos
 
Call Girls Service in Bommanahalli - 7001305949 with real photos and phone nu...
Call Girls Service in Bommanahalli - 7001305949 with real photos and phone nu...Call Girls Service in Bommanahalli - 7001305949 with real photos and phone nu...
Call Girls Service in Bommanahalli - 7001305949 with real photos and phone nu...
 
Russian Call Girls in Pune Riya 9907093804 Short 1500 Night 6000 Best call gi...
Russian Call Girls in Pune Riya 9907093804 Short 1500 Night 6000 Best call gi...Russian Call Girls in Pune Riya 9907093804 Short 1500 Night 6000 Best call gi...
Russian Call Girls in Pune Riya 9907093804 Short 1500 Night 6000 Best call gi...
 
Hi,Fi Call Girl In Mysore Road - 7001305949 | 24x7 Service Available Near Me
Hi,Fi Call Girl In Mysore Road - 7001305949 | 24x7 Service Available Near MeHi,Fi Call Girl In Mysore Road - 7001305949 | 24x7 Service Available Near Me
Hi,Fi Call Girl In Mysore Road - 7001305949 | 24x7 Service Available Near Me
 
Call Girls Whitefield Just Call 7001305949 Top Class Call Girl Service Available
Call Girls Whitefield Just Call 7001305949 Top Class Call Girl Service AvailableCall Girls Whitefield Just Call 7001305949 Top Class Call Girl Service Available
Call Girls Whitefield Just Call 7001305949 Top Class Call Girl Service Available
 
VIP Call Girls Indore Kirti 💚😋 9256729539 🚀 Indore Escorts
VIP Call Girls Indore Kirti 💚😋  9256729539 🚀 Indore EscortsVIP Call Girls Indore Kirti 💚😋  9256729539 🚀 Indore Escorts
VIP Call Girls Indore Kirti 💚😋 9256729539 🚀 Indore Escorts
 
VIP Call Girls Tirunelveli Aaradhya 8250192130 Independent Escort Service Tir...
VIP Call Girls Tirunelveli Aaradhya 8250192130 Independent Escort Service Tir...VIP Call Girls Tirunelveli Aaradhya 8250192130 Independent Escort Service Tir...
VIP Call Girls Tirunelveli Aaradhya 8250192130 Independent Escort Service Tir...
 
College Call Girls Pune Mira 9907093804 Short 1500 Night 6000 Best call girls...
College Call Girls Pune Mira 9907093804 Short 1500 Night 6000 Best call girls...College Call Girls Pune Mira 9907093804 Short 1500 Night 6000 Best call girls...
College Call Girls Pune Mira 9907093804 Short 1500 Night 6000 Best call girls...
 
Call Girls Service Bellary Road Just Call 7001305949 Enjoy College Girls Service
Call Girls Service Bellary Road Just Call 7001305949 Enjoy College Girls ServiceCall Girls Service Bellary Road Just Call 7001305949 Enjoy College Girls Service
Call Girls Service Bellary Road Just Call 7001305949 Enjoy College Girls Service
 
CALL ON ➥9907093804 🔝 Call Girls Hadapsar ( Pune) Girls Service
CALL ON ➥9907093804 🔝 Call Girls Hadapsar ( Pune)  Girls ServiceCALL ON ➥9907093804 🔝 Call Girls Hadapsar ( Pune)  Girls Service
CALL ON ➥9907093804 🔝 Call Girls Hadapsar ( Pune) Girls Service
 
Artifacts in Nuclear Medicine with Identifying and resolving artifacts.
Artifacts in Nuclear Medicine with Identifying and resolving artifacts.Artifacts in Nuclear Medicine with Identifying and resolving artifacts.
Artifacts in Nuclear Medicine with Identifying and resolving artifacts.
 
Housewife Call Girls Hoskote | 7001305949 At Low Cost Cash Payment Booking
Housewife Call Girls Hoskote | 7001305949 At Low Cost Cash Payment BookingHousewife Call Girls Hoskote | 7001305949 At Low Cost Cash Payment Booking
Housewife Call Girls Hoskote | 7001305949 At Low Cost Cash Payment Booking
 
Bangalore Call Girls Majestic 📞 9907093804 High Profile Service 100% Safe
Bangalore Call Girls Majestic 📞 9907093804 High Profile Service 100% SafeBangalore Call Girls Majestic 📞 9907093804 High Profile Service 100% Safe
Bangalore Call Girls Majestic 📞 9907093804 High Profile Service 100% Safe
 
Call Girls Doddaballapur Road Just Call 7001305949 Top Class Call Girl Servic...
Call Girls Doddaballapur Road Just Call 7001305949 Top Class Call Girl Servic...Call Girls Doddaballapur Road Just Call 7001305949 Top Class Call Girl Servic...
Call Girls Doddaballapur Road Just Call 7001305949 Top Class Call Girl Servic...
 
Kesar Bagh Call Girl Price 9548273370 , Lucknow Call Girls Service
Kesar Bagh Call Girl Price 9548273370 , Lucknow Call Girls ServiceKesar Bagh Call Girl Price 9548273370 , Lucknow Call Girls Service
Kesar Bagh Call Girl Price 9548273370 , Lucknow Call Girls Service
 
Russian Call Girls Chennai Madhuri 9907093804 Independent Call Girls Service ...
Russian Call Girls Chennai Madhuri 9907093804 Independent Call Girls Service ...Russian Call Girls Chennai Madhuri 9907093804 Independent Call Girls Service ...
Russian Call Girls Chennai Madhuri 9907093804 Independent Call Girls Service ...
 
Call Girl Bangalore Nandini 7001305949 Independent Escort Service Bangalore
Call Girl Bangalore Nandini 7001305949 Independent Escort Service BangaloreCall Girl Bangalore Nandini 7001305949 Independent Escort Service Bangalore
Call Girl Bangalore Nandini 7001305949 Independent Escort Service Bangalore
 

International Clinical Nursing Leadership Mentoring: Enriching Student's Knowledge by Sharon Elizabeth Metcalfe* in Crimson Publishers: Medical Rehabilitation

  • 1. Sharon Elizabeth Metcalfe* Associate Professor, USA *Corresponding author: Sharon Elizabeth Metcalfe, Associate Professor, Asheville, North Carolina 28804, USA Submission: January 31, 2018; Published: February 21, 2018 International Clinical Nursing Leadership Mentoring: Enriching Student’s Knowledge Abstract Nurses in today’s dynamically evolving health care profession are expected to have the knowledge and expertise for caring for the wide diversity of people that comprise the patient populations in the hospitals and clinical environments around the globe. This article presents a unique and special international program that promotes the acquisition of knowledge by novice nursing students concerning the care of a diversity of pediatric patients through having the mentoring and guidance of nursing clinical leaders. The program has been established for eleven years and is based with two university schools of nursing and two children’s hospitals in the United States and the United Kingdom. The purpose of this article is to showcase this program and introduce a vehicle for introducing nursing students to caring for diverse people through successful programs such as this one. Keywords: International; Mentoring; Cultural diversity; Collaborative programs International Nursing Leadership Clinical Placements The profession of nursing has become globally based and nurses are now expected to practice with a wealth of knowledge regarding the increasing diversity of the world’s population and emerging cultures [1]. Nurses that practice both in the United States, as well as abroad throughout the world, are learning about the customs of people of multiple cultures and emerging diversities. The Sullivan Report on diversity in the health care professions additionally showcased the need for an increase in diversity of the members in the health professions, as well as for those in the health professions to engage their knowledge in learning and becoming culturally competent in understanding the world’s dynamically changing population [2]. Nurses in today’s dramatically evolving health care environment must be aware of cultural differences and similarities in patient populations and be prepared for caring for patients from a wealth of cultures, as well as unique backgrounds. In order to help nursing students to become more culturally competent and aware of global cultural care with pediatric patients, a special and individualized collaborative program was developed between two universities and two children’s hospitals in the United States and the United Kingdom [3]. The program’s primary focus is to have students from both the United States and the United Kingdom become clinically immersed on a specialized children’s unit with the personal attention and mentoring of a clinical nurse leader that would help guide the student in understanding the cultural differences and similarities in both the patients, as well as the nursing care of the children. The purpose of this program is to help broaden the student’s knowledge base of the leadership role of the nursing clinical leader mentor, and to enrich the students’ 3 understanding of the nursing profession in clinical areas abroad. The program was initiated in 2005, and is currently in 2018, and is in its eleventh year of progression. Students are led by nursing leaders in a wide array of diverse patient care wards that range from Accident & Emergency, the Operating Theater, the High Intensity Intensive Care Unit, the Pediatric Oncology ward, the Neurotrauma ward, and Community Outreach which ranges from Palliative Care, Hospice, and Community-based Home Visiting of children in chronic conditions. Again, the primary focus of the program is for the nursing clinical leader to demonstrate leadership abilities and nursing care to the range of nursing students (traditional age to graduate nursing students) that are enrolled in the program. This program is presented each academic year, and students from the United States travel to the United Kingdom over Spring Break, and students from the United Kingdom travel to the United States during the winter break for their clinical leadership immersions. A highlight of this program is additionally that students from both universities present nursing care presentations to their visiting health care professionals at both children’s hospitals during the trip. Topics have ranged from childhood obesity, diabetes, autism spectrum disorder, oncological conditions, and mental illness such as addiction. These presentations are warmly received at each of the children’s hospitals with nursing students, professional nurses, and inter professional care givers such as physicians in attendance. Programs such as these helps strengthen the knowledge regarding 85Copyright © All rights are reserved by Sharon Elizabeth Metcalfe. Volume 1 - Issue - 4 Mini Review COJ Nursing & Healthcare C CRIMSON PUBLISHERS Wings to the Research ISSN: 2577-2007
  • 2. COJ Nurse Healthcare Copyright © Sharon Elizabeth Metcalfe 86 How to cite this article: Sharon E M. International Clinical Nursing Leadership Mentoring: Enriching Student’s Knowledge. COJ Nurse Healthcare. 1(4). COJNH.000517. 2018. DOI: 10.31031/COJNH.2018.01.000517 Volume 1 - Issue - 4 cultural diversity of patients such as children and the strengths of the nursing profession with novice nursing students as they develop into professional nurses. References 1. Berlund A, Richards J, Lund KD (2010) A Canadian-Bangladesh partnership for nursing education: Case study. International Nursing Review 57(3): 352-358. 2. The Sullivan Commission (2004) Missing persons: Minorities in the health care profession. A report of the Sullivan Commission on diversity in the health care workforce. Sullivan Commission. 3. Metcalfe SE (2017) Developing international clinical placements: Enhancing students’ awareness. POJ Nursing Practice & Research 1(4): 1-7. Your subsequent submission with Crimson Publishers will attain the below benefits • High-level peer review and editorial services • Freely accessible online immediately upon publication • Authors retain the copyright to their work • Licensing it under a Creative Commons license • Visibility through different online platforms • Global attainment for your research • Article availability in different formats (Pdf, E-pub, Full Text) • Endless customer service • Reasonable Membership services • Reprints availability upon request • One step article tracking system For possible submissions Click Here Submit Article Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License