Innovative Silicon Valley companies like Etsy leverage DevOps and Continuous Delivery practices to achieve new levels of automation and agility, shrinking development lead times and deploying to production many times each day. However, many companies struggle to implement these practices for the legacy systems that run their core business. To make matters worse, the agile community offers relatively little practical guidance for implementing DevOps practices in legacy environments. Fortunately, the Kanban Method provides a practical way to gradually evolve these core systems towards achieving DevOps cost savings and efficiencies—without turning your organization upside down, and even if you don’t have a massive budget. Through a case study involving a criminal justice system for a US government agency, we will examine how the Kanban method helps us identify and remove the barriers that prevent us from implementing DevOps automation for legacy systems. Just as importantly, Kanban provides the means to measure the efficacy of our efforts, prompting us to course-correct when necessary. Both technology-related and human-related concerns will be addressed. We will review some interesting examples using the Microsoft technology stack. The end result is better quality and collaboration and faster delivery of value to our stakeholders. Perhaps it is possible to teach an old dog new tricks, after all.

1. BRINGING DEVOPS TO AN
ENTRENCHED LEGACY ENVIRONMENT
WITH KANBAN
Craeg Strong, CTO
Ariel Partners
June 10, 2021
3:15pm-4:15pm EDT
Virtual
© Copyright Ariel Partners 2021

2. This is a test
§ Software Development since 1988
§ Large Commercial & Government Projects
§ Kanban Coach / DevOps Engineer
§ Kanban Trainer / SpecFlow Trainer
§ Performance & Scalability Architect
§ Certified Ethical Hacker
§ New York & Washington DC Area
CTO, Ariel Partners
AKT, KCP, KMP, CSM, CSP, CSPO,
ITILv3, PMI-ACP, PMP, CLP, SPC
ICP-ACC, ICP-ATF, PSM-II, PSK
www.arielpartners.com
cstrong@arielpartners.com
@ckstrong1
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© Copyright Ariel Partners 2021
CRAEG STRONG

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J U N E 7–11, 2 0 21
S T R E A M I N G 9:45am–6:00pm E T
AGENDA
§ Define: DevOps
§ The Project
§ The Case For DevOps
§ Implementing DevOps For Legacy
§ Build Automation
§ Test Automation
§ Deployment Automation
§ Configuration As Code
§ Takeaways, QnA
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© Copyright Ariel Partners 2021

4. This is a test
© Copyright Ariel Partners 2021
DEFINE: DEVOPS
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DevOps (a clipped compound of
"development" and "operations") is a
culture, movement or practice that
emphasizes the collaboration and
communication of both software
developers and other information-
technology (IT) professionals while
automating the process of software
delivery and infrastructure changes.
DevOps - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DevOps
WHAT IS DEVOPS?
Development
(SOFTWARE
ENGINEERING)
QA
(QUALITY
ASSURANCE)
Operations
DevOps
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J U N E 7–11, 2 0 21
S T R E A M I N G 9:45a m –6 :0 0 pm E T
DEVOPS IN THE LARGE
§ Shared Templates & Frameworks
§ Standards are not Static, Evolve Based on Team
Feedback
§ Multiple Tool chains: Java, .NET, MEAN
TOOLS
§ Emphasis on Collaboration/Trust
§ Encourage New Ideas, Limit Downside via Fail-Fast
§ Blameless Post-Mortems
§ Servant Leadership
§ Efficiency vs Thoroughness Trade-off (ETTO Principle)
CULTURE
§ Cross Training
§ Emphasis on Continuous Learning
§ Transition To Management Not Required for Career
Advancement
§ Lightweight, Adaptable
§ Maximize Throughput, Not Utilization
§ Tight Feedback Loops
§ Continuous Service Improvement
PROCESS
ORGANIZATION
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ASPECTS I WILL FOCUS ON
Build
Automation
Test
Automation
Deployment
Automation
Configuration
As Code
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THE PROJECT
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J U N E 7–11, 2 0 21
S T R E A M I N G 9:45am–6:00pm E T
CRIMINAL JUSTICE PROGRAM
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SYSTEM EVOLVED OVER MANY YEARS
1990
Pilot
DNA
Identification
Act
1994 1998
Client-Server: VB6
SQL
Server
2008 Today
C# VB.Net
Multi-Language
SOA Re-Architecture
VB6
2012
2002
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2M+ Lines
of Code
RapidDNA Support

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CHALLENGES INHERENT TO LEGACY ENVIRONMENTS
§ Mission-Critical
§ Heavily Regulated
§ Missing or Out of Date
§ Significant Documentation Requirements
§ Mostly Manual
§ System Not Designed For Testability
§ Resistant to Change
§ Battle Fatigue
§ Optimized For Non-Collaboration
§ May Inhibit Pair Programming
§ Heavyweight, Prescriptive
§ Manually-Intensive Reporting
§ Lengthy Approval Process
§ Skeptical of Open Source
System
Criticality
Documentation
Testing
Staff
Facility
Governance
Procurement
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12. This is a test
§ Training, Documentation Assumes New (“Greenfield”) Project
§ Relatively Little Guidance Regarding Legacy (“Brownfield”)
Projects
§ How Can We Release To Production Every Two Weeks Given
A 6-Week Approval Cycle?
§ How Can We Adopt Two Week Sprints When Regression
Testing Consumes The Entire Team For Eight Weeks?
§ Can’t Fix Everything At Once
Agile Training &
Literature
Agile Practices
§ Automation Tools Poorly Supported By Older Platforms
§ Legacy Tends To Be Data-Heavy, Little Tool Support for Data
Validation
§ Business Logic Tends To Be In GUI and Data Layers,
Rendering Traditional Unit Testing Useless
Agile Toolset
§ 1
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CHALLENGES IMPLEMENTING AGILE PRACTICES
IN A LEGACY ENVIRONMENT

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WHY WOULD ANYONE SIGN UP FOR THIS
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THE MISSION
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THE CHALLENGE
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THE TEAM
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© Copyright Ariel Partners 2021

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THE CASE FOR DEVOPS
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© Copyright Ariel Partners 2021

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1. Understand what makes the service “fit for purpose”
2. Understand sources of dissatisfaction regarding
current delivery
3. Analyze sources of and nature of demand
4. Analyze current delivery capability
5. Model the service delivery workflow
6. Identify & define classes of service
7. Design the kanban system
8. Socialize design & negotiate implementation
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SYSTEMS THINKING APPROACH TO IMPLEMENTING
KANBAN (STATIK)

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Work Item Type Class Of Service
Business User Story Standard
Infrastructure User Story Standard
?
Tier III / Triage Expedited
New Forensic Lab Support Scripts Fixed Date
Hot Fix Expedited
Escaped Defect Expedited
Documentation Deliverable Fixed Date
Documentation Rework Expedited
Technical Chore Intangible
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DEMAND ANALYSIS

20. This is a test
When you receive the email it is very
important that you “Click to Accept”
that agreement—it is what gives us
permission to use your content and is
required for us to host your talk!
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SCRUM TOOL SETUP

21. This is a test
When you receive the email it is very
important that you “Click to Accept”
that agreement—it is what gives us
permission to use your content and is
required for us to host your talk!
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Sprint 5: User Story Completion Curve
Testers
Waiting
For Code
Limited
Time For
Testing
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SCRUM TOOL SETUP

22. This is a test
Longer Sprint With
Bigger Batch-Size
Bottleneck
Lots of Blocked
Issues, Defects, and
Rejected Fixes
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INITIAL WORKFLOW

23. This is a test
§ Developers Check-in In Code That Breaks the Build
§ High Concentration of Defects: Fixing One Issue Breaks
Two More
§ Automated Tests Too Difficult To Write
§ Deployment To Test Environments Lengthy and Error-Prone
§ Test Set-Up Lengthy and Error-Prone, Tear-Down Usually
Skipped
§ Many False Positive Defects Due To Configuration Issues
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SOURCES OF DISSATISFACTION

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ANALYZED WORKFLOW
Packaging
Instructions:
10 pages!
Important Step:
Peer Review
Queue of Stories
Waiting for
Manual Build
Test Environment
Requires Lengthy
Setup
Manual Intensive
Deployment

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BUILD AUTOMATION

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Build Machine
TFS
TeamCity
Binary
Repository
Compile Code Run Tests Package Publish
Compile Code
Branch B
Run Tests
Branch B
Package Branch
B
Publish Branch
B
Compile Code
Branch C
Run Tests
Branch C
Package Branch
C
Publish Branch
C
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TYPICAL BUILD AUTOMATION

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Build Machine A
TFS
TeamCity
Binary
Repository
Compile Code
Run Unit Tests
Package Publish
Run SQL Tests
Drivers, Patches
Build Machine B
Compile Code
Branch B
Run Unit Tests
Branch B
Package Branch
B
Publish Branch
B
Run Unit Tests
Branch B
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BUILD AUTOMATION FOR LEGACY SYSTEM

28. This is a test
“Build Ready” Step
Has Been
Eliminated
But We Still Have
Significant Quality
Problems
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UPDATED WORKFLOW

29. This is a test
TEST AUTOMATION
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30. This is a test
GUI
Presentation Logic
Server
Business Logic
DB
SQL (CRUD)
Test
Start
Test
End
ü Minimal Setup
Required
ü Code-Only Tests
ü Very Fast Test
Execution
ü No Side Effects
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TYPICAL TEST AUTOMATION

31. This is a test
GUI
Presentation-Side
Business Logic
Server
Data Transfer
DB
SQL
Business Logic
ü Significant Setup
Required
ü Tests Require Database
ü Slow Test Execution
ü Significant Side Effects
Test
Start
Test
End
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TEST AUTOMATION FOR LEGACY SYSTEMS

32. This is a test
Build Machine A
TeamCity
Binary
Repository
Compile
Code
Run Unit
Tests
Package Publish
Run SQL
Tests
Drivers, Patches
Prepare
Test DB
Run Tests
Batch 1
Build Machine B
Prepare
Test DB
Run Tests
Batch 2
Build Machine C
Prepare
Test DB
Run Tests
Batch 3
Test DB Image
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INCORPORATING TEST AUTOMATION INTO THE
DEVOPS PIPELINE
TFS

33. This is a test
But It Still Takes
Too Long Before
We Can Test
Quality Is
Slowly Starting
To Improve
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UPDATED WORKFLOW

34. This is a test
DEPLOYMENT AUTOMATION
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35. This is a test
TFS
TeamCity
Version Control
Server Build / CI
Server
Binary
Repository
Developer
Deployment
Service
Tester
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© Copyright Ariel Partners 2021
TYPICAL DEPLOYMENT AUTOMATION PIPELINE

36. This is a test
Deployment Process
Deployment
Service
Tester
TFS
Developer
PreDeploy.ps1
StopServers
UninstallPreviousVersion
DeleteOldDatabase
Deploy.ps1
RestoreTestDB
InstallSoftware
PostDeploy.ps1
AddTestUsers
ConfigureSettings
CleanupPreviousSession
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© Copyright Ariel Partners 2021
DEPLOYMENT AUTOMATION FOR LEGACY SYSTEM

37. This is a test
But We Are Still
Getting False
Positive Defects
“Test Setup”
Step Has Been
Eliminated
“Deploy” Step
Has Been
Streamlined
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© Copyright Ariel Partners 2021
UPDATED WORKFLOW

38. This is a test
CONFIGURATION AS CODE
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© Copyright Ariel Partners 2021

39. This is a test
Operating Platform: Configuration
Application: Code
Database
Matching Engine
Application Server
Graphical User Interface
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© Copyright Ariel Partners 2021
DEPLOYMENTS HAVE TWO PIECES: APPLICATION CODE
AND OPERATING PLATFORM

40. This is a test
Web Server Compute
Server
Database
Server
Configure
TFS
Configurations
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© Copyright Ariel Partners 2021
CONFIGURATION AS CODE: TYPICAL IMPLEMENTATION

41. This is a test
No Step Where
1 OS Install
2 Set Hostname & IP Address
3 Set Time zone
4 Install Active Directory Services Production Only
5 Activate Windows
6 Create Messaging & Temp Folders
7 Configure File Share
8 Set Folder Permissions
9 Set Environment Variables
10 Disable Windows Firewall
11 Enable Remote Desktop Dev/Test Only
12 Configure Active Directory Groups
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CONFIGURING THE OPERATING PLATFORM FOR A
LEGACY SYSTEM (1 OF 2)

42. This is a test
No Step Where
13 Install 7-Zip Dev/Test Only
14 Install Octopus Tentacle Dev/Test Only
15 Configure Octopus Tentacle Dev/Test Only
16 Register New Tentacle With Octopus Server Dev/Test Only
17 Install SQL SMO and CLR Packages
18 Install MSMQ
19 Install .NET 3.5
20 Install SQL Server
21 Install IIS
22 Configure FTP/FTPS
23 Configure PKI Certificates
24 Install hMailServer Dev/Test Only,
Single Machine
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CONFIGURING THE OPERATING PLATFORM FOR A
LEGACY SYSTEM (2 OF 2)

43. This is a test
STEP ONE
100% Manual
300 Page Document
STEP THREE
The Configurator
STEP TWO
Partially Automated
Individual Scripts
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© Copyright Ariel Partners 2021
EVOLUTION OF THE PROCESS

44. This is a test
File Shares
Windows SXS
Files
Third Party
Installer Files
Test Environment
Nodes
Targeting
File
Configurator
Script
Configure
DevOps Engineer
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ENTER: THE CONFIGURATOR

45. This is a test
Greatly Reduced
Incidence of False
Positive Defects
Configuring New Environment Reduced
Weeks à Hours
Validating Existing Environment Reduced
Days à Minutes
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UPDATED WORKFLOW

46. This is a test
1. What DevOps Practices Can Benefit My Project?
§ Build Automation
§ Test Automation
§ Deployment Automation
§ Configuration As Code
2. DevOps for Legacy
§ Challenging, Yet Transformative
3. Kanban System and STATIK
§ Lightweight and Effective Guides
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KEY TAKEAWAYS

47. This is a test
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© Copyright Ariel Partners 2021
THANK YOU!
Selected Training Offerings
§ Fundamentals of Agile
§ Agile for Leaders & Executives
§ Kanban Management Professional
§ Jira Fundamentals / Intermediate
§ Human Centered Design
§ BDD With Cucumber Acceptance
Testing
§ Agile Estimation, Forecasting, &
Metrics
§ Agile Requirements: Story Mapping,
Story Splitting & Discovery Kanban
§ SRE: Site Reliability Engineering
www.arielpartners.com
cstrong@arielpartners.com
Twitter: @arielpartners
Other Offerings
§ Digital Transformation
§ Cloud Native App Development
§ Agile / Kanban Coaching
§ DevOps Jumpstart
§ Compliance As Code
§ Test Automation Jumpstart
§ Legacy Modernization
§ JIRA Jumpstart