2. Chemotherapeutic agents, also referred to as
antineoplastic agents, are used to directly or
indirectly inhibit the proliferation of rapidly
growing cells, typically in the context of
malignancy.
3. Chemotherapy is associated with a range of
adverse effects (e.g., nausea, vomiting, increased
risk of infection, and impaired growth of healthy
cells), and with some agents, an increased risk of
secondary neoplasms.
4. Most chemotherapy drugs are carried in the blood. This
means they can reach cancer cells anywhere in the body.
But chemotherapy can be given in different ways. The
way you have chemotherapy depends on:
•The type of cancer you have
•The chemotherapy drugs being used.
5. ANTIMETABOLITES
• Interfere with DNA and/ or protein synthesis.
• Types
antipyrimidines
antipurines
antifolates
• Common side effects: myelosuppression,
alopecia, mucositis
6. • They are the oldest type of chemotherapy.
5 traditional categories of alkylating agents:
• Nitrogen mustards
• Nitrosoureas
• Alkyl sulfonates
• Triazines
• Ethylenimines
ALKYLATING AGENTS
7. DNA topoisomerases are enzymes that regulate DNA
supercoiling by catalyzing the winding and unwinding
of DNA strands.
TOPOISOMERASE INHIBITOR
8. MITOTIC INHIBITOR
• Is a drug that inhibits mitosis or cell division
• Used in cancer treatment
• Derived from natural substances such as plants alkaloids,
and prevent cell from undergoing mitosis
