Final_Paper_Ver_3.docx

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I Care for Eye Care:
Glaucoma and Eye Health in the Asian
American Community
眼睛常保健，精彩每一天
Project AHEAD 2016 Final Paper
Chloe Chan, Stella Chong, Sophia Huang,
Elizabeth Kuo, Xin Yao Lin, Haoqin Ma, Stephanie Ren

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TABLE OF CONTENTS
I. ABSTRACT………………………………………………………………………….……3
II. INTRODUCTION………..……………….…………………..………………………......4
III. METHODS……………..……………...……………………………………….................7
IV. RESULTS…………………...………………..……………………………………….....10
V. DISCUSSIONS…………………………………..…………………….……..………….39
VI. LIMITATIONS……………………………………………..............................................46
VII. RECOMMENDATIONS……………………………..……………………..…………...48
VIII. CONCLUSION….……………………………..……………………..…..……………..50
IX. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS…………………………………………....………….…….52
X. REFERENCES…………………………………………………....……………………..53
XI. APPENDICES……………………………………………………………………..…….56
A. TIMELINE……………………………………………………………….…..57
B. BUDGET………………………………………………………………...…..59
C. NEEDS ASSESSMENT……………………………………………………..61
D. WORKSHOP CURRICULUM………………………………………….…..65
E. WORKSHOP FLYER……………………………………………………….67
F. PRE-WORKSHOP SURVEY…………………………………………...…..68
G. POST-WORKSHOP SURVEY…………………………………………..….70
H. PHOTO CONSENT FORM………………………...……………………….73
I. BUTTON DESIGNS…….…………………………………..………………75
J. WALLET CARD DESIGN….………………………………………………75
K. BOOKMARK DESIGN………………………………………………….….75
L. STICKER DESIGNS…………………………………………………..…….76
M. T-SHIRT DESIGNS…………………………………………………...…….76
N. COLORING PAGES……………………………………………………..….77
O. SNAPCHAT GEOFILTER…………………………………………………..77

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I. ABSTRACT
Project AHEAD 2016’s community health project is about glaucoma and eye care.
According to the World Health Organization, glaucoma is the second leading cause of blindness
in the world. People of East Asian descent, in particular, are more genetically prone to acute
angle closure glaucoma (AACG), as certain eye shapes and structures affect the progression of
glaucoma. Asians have also been shown to be more likely to develop myopia and diabetes,
which are risk factors for glaucoma. Primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) develops slowly and
its effects may not be immediately noticeable. On the other hand, AACG, the type that Asians
are more prone to, develops quickly and requires immediate medical attention. The main purpose
of our project, “I Care for Eye Care”, is to raise awareness for eye care and glaucoma and to
encourage those within the Asian American community in Chinatown to get their eyes checked.
To achieve our goal, we first conducted a survey with senior citizens in the local Chinese
community to assess their understanding of the disease. We hosted two “Your Vision, Your
Decision” workshops at local senior centers to spread our message and explain the importance of
regular eye check-ups. In addition, we created many promotional items to give out during both
Good Health Days and the two workshops. Our bilingual print materials provided our audience
with culturally and linguistically accessible information. While there were many limitations to
our project, we were able to promote eye health and glaucoma awareness among the elderly in
Chinatown.

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II. INTRODUCTION
Although eye care is an essential component of health, the importance of eye care is often
overlooked. With the lack of comprehension of eye health, people tend to forego annual
comprehensive eye exams – resulting in countless undetected eye diseases that can lead to
eventual vision impairment and blindness.
One of the leading causes of blindness is glaucoma.1 It is estimated that approximately
three million Americans are living with glaucoma, with many unaware of their condition.2
Glaucoma is a group of serious eye disease that is marked by optic nerve damage, and can lead
to the loss of vision if left untreated.3 Optic nerve damage is caused by the accumulation of fluid
pressure when fluid fails to drain out of the eye through the mesh-like channel.4 There are
several types of glaucoma, however the most prevalent types are primary open-angle glaucoma
(POAG) and acute angle-closure glaucoma (AACG).5 The primary difference between POAG
and AACG is the progression of the eye deterioration from the buildup of fluid pressure.6 POAG
is gradual, whereas AACG is more sudden and unexpected.7 There are virtually few to no
symptoms in early glaucoma development. In POAG, peripheral vision is gradually blocked by
blind spots until frontal vision completely disappears.8 On the other hand, symptoms of AACG
1
Don Detmer et al., eds., "Leading Causes of Blindness," NIH MedlinePlus,2008.
2
"Glaucoma Facts and Stats," Glaucoma Research Foundation, May 5, 2015, , accessed July 11, 2016,
http://www.glaucoma.org/glaucoma/glaucoma-facts-and-stats.php.
3
"Facts About Glaucoma," National Eye Institute,, accessed July 11, 2016,
https://nei.nih.gov/health/glaucoma/glaucoma_facts.
4
Ibid.
5
"Types of Glaucoma," Glaucoma Research Foundation, May 5, 2015, , accessed July 11, 2016,
http://www.glaucoma.org/glaucoma/types-of-glaucoma.php.
6
Ibid.
7
Ibid.
8

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include blurred vision, headaches, eye pains, and rainbow halos.9 With few signs of glaucoma
present, many cases of glaucoma are typically undetected until serious damage has occurred.10
Anyone can develop glaucoma; however, there are many risk factors such as age, race,
and health conditions that can increase the chances of developing glaucoma.11 People who are
over age 60 are particularly susceptible to glaucoma.12 Furthermore, people of African and Asian
descent are more prone to the illness – with POAG more common in Africans and AACG more
common in Asians.13 Health conditions such as hypertension and diabetes can also increase the
risk for glaucoma.14
While glaucoma has no cure, it can be easily prevented with sufficient eye care measures
such as frequent visits to the eye doctor and good eye care habits. Early diagnosis through eye
exams is the key to prevention. The National Eye Institute (NEI) recommends that people over
the age 60 should receive a comprehensive dilated eye exam every two years.15 Glaucoma is
detected during the eye exam through the use of multiple diagnostic tests: tonometry,
gonioscopy, ophthalmoscopy, visual field test, and pachymetry.16 Of the various diagnostic tests,
tonometry and ophthalmoscopy are the most common; tonometry measures the eye pressure
while ophthalmoscopy examines the color and shape of the optic nerve.17 Once a patient is
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10
Ibid.
11
Ibid.
12
Kierstan Boyd and J Kevin McKinney, MD, "Who Is at Risk for Glaucoma?," American Academy of
Ophthalmology, 2015, , accessed July 11, 2016, http://www.aao.org/eye-health/diseases/glaucoma-risk.
13
Ibid.
14
Ibid.
15
"Facts About Glaucoma," National Eye Institute, , accessed July 11, 2016,
16
Ibid.
17
"Facts About Glaucoma," National Eye Institute, , accessed July 11, 2016,

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diagnosed with glaucoma, he or she is referred to a specialist for further treatment. Glaucoma is
primarily treated through regular medications such as eye drops and surgery.18
By 2030, the NEI projects that there will be a 58 percent increase, approximately 4.8
million, in the number of individuals with glaucoma.19 Despite the appalling projection for
glaucoma, many people are still unaware of the significance of protecting themselves from
glaucoma. The general public lacks comprehension of the pathology of the disease and its viable
preventative eye care. As glaucoma can be easily prevented and maintained through frequent eye
checkups, it is necessary to inform the public about the available resources to protect against
glaucoma. Preventative eye care is the first and foremost line of defense against glaucoma and
other eye diseases. For summer 2016, Project AHEAD aims to educate and raise aware about
glaucoma in the local NYC Asian American senior population through available resources.
18
Ibid.
19
"Eye Disease Statistics," NIH, March 2014, , accessed July 11, 2016.

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III. METHODS
Needs Assessment
A survey was created to gauge the target community’s knowledge of glaucoma and
general eye care. Considering the limitations such as time and financial resources, we decided to
carry out convenience sampling. We divided ourselves into two different teams based on our
Chinese proficiency, so that each team could have both Mandarin and Cantonese speakers. The
needs assessment was administered on two different days at two separate locations. The first
group, which consisted of Chloe and Stella, conducted the survey in Cantonese at Columbus
Park. The second team, which included Stephanie, Hao, and Xin, conducted the survey in
Mandarin and Cantonese at Sara D. Roosevelt Park.
The needs assessment consisted of thirteen questions. The first ten questions pertained to
the participants’ knowledge of glaucoma and daily eye care habits. The goal of questions 1, 2,
and 3 was to evaluate whether the participant had primary care or eye doctors that they visited
regularly. The fourth question, which asked how often participants wore sunglasses, allowed us
to determine whether they took measures to protect their eyes. The goal of Question 5 was to
conclude if respondents took the initiative to see their doctors after experiencing noticeable
changes in their vision. By asking about each respondent’s daily screen time in Question 6, we
were able to assess whether most of them had healthy eye care habits. Questions 7, 9, and 10
asked about participants’ and their families’ medical history, which allowed us to understand
whether our target population is at a higher risk for glaucoma. Question 8 was essential to assess
the population’s knowledge about our project’s topic. The last three questions concentrated on
the demographics of each participant, which included sex, age, and birthplace.
Surveys were conducted anonymously to maintain confidentiality and to ensure
participants’ level of comfort. Collected data from the survey allowed us to understand the

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community members’ general knowledge about eye care and to assess the need for awareness on
glaucoma.
Workshop #1: VNSNY Mott Workshop
One workshop was held at a Chinatown senior center operated by the Visiting Nurse
Service of New York at Mott Street on August 8th. Prior to starting the presentation, a pre-
workshop assessment survey was completed by every attendee. The one and half hour long
workshop was delivered in Cantonese. It incorporated audience engagement in order to facilitate
interactive learning and reflection for the attending senior citizens. The presentation provided a
basic overview of glaucoma; the two most common types, POAG and AACG, were discussed.
The difference in their pathophysiology and the resulting symptoms were explored. Afterwards,
we provided participants with culturally relevant dietary tips and eye care recommendations. The
participants were asked to complete a post-workshop survey. At the end of the workshop, we
distributed eye healthy snacks.
Workshop #2: BRC Senior Service Center Workshop
The other workshop was held on August 12th at the BRC Senior Service Center. The
content and proceedings were the same as those in the previous workshop. However, this
workshop was conducted in both Mandarin and Cantonese.
Good Health Day
On Good Health Day in both Chinatown and Flushing, we presented a tri-fold board that
included information about glaucoma and eye care. We had Mandarin and Cantonese speakers
available to facilitate the explanation of our project. Our booth included a photo booth with
different props and our slogan “I Care for Eye Care” on the top. We had two games in which
participants could win prizes. In our “Eye Spy” game we had two photos of the interns with
subtle differences between them. If someone could spot five differences, then they would win a
button. In our “Eye Eat Healthy” game, participants were asked to choose three foods from a

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bowl. We would then explain which foods are healthy for the eyes and which foods are not.
After participants played that game, we gave them glasses wipes, sunglasses, and glasses repair
kits. In addition, we had an “Eye Pledge” board where people could write what they would
promise to do to keep their eyes healthy. We also had a raffle for participants to win t-shirts with
the slogan, “Don’t Cloud Your Vision.” To encourage kids to maintain healthy eye habits, we
distributed original coloring sheets that depicted animals getting their eyes checked. Visitors to
our booth were given a packet that included two booklets with information about glaucoma and
eye exams, a customized sticker, a wallet card, and a bookmark. Finally, we created a Charles B.
Wang Good Health Day Snapchat filter to promote the health fair.
Video
Based on a conducted interview with a glaucoma patient, a 5-minute short video was
created to share their experience. We will feature their story by adding a voiceover to the video.
We will focus on how getting treatment has positively impacted patients’ health, quality of life,
and their loved ones. By using special effects from Aftereffects, we simulated the vision of a
glaucoma patient. We hope to encourage viewers to seek help and get annual comprehensive eye
exams.
This short film will supplement Charles B. Wang Community Health Center’s
educational materials to inform patients about eye care and address a pressing issue in the Asian
American community. There will be a Chinese version with English subtitles of the video to
ensure that our video will reach a greater audience.

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IV. RESULTS
Needs Assessment
We administered a total of 52 needs assessment surveys at Columbus Park and Sara D.
Roosevelt Park. Through the surveys, participants’ demographic data were collected and
analyzed. Approximately 90% of our needs assessment respondents were within our target age
range of 50 to 100 years old. There were relatively more male respondents than female
respondents, with 30 males and 22 females. The majority of the respondents, 45 out of the 52,
indicated China as their birthplace, while the remaining answered Hong Kong, Taiwan, United
States, Vietnam, or Malaysia.
Figure 1. Age Distribution.

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Figure 2. Sex Distribution
Figure 3. Birthplace Distribution
Responses to Survey Questions:
The remaining questions were administered for us to gain an understanding of the
community’s familiarity with glaucoma and healthy eye care habits. Based on the responses of
the questions, we concluded that a community health project on glaucoma and eye care should be
carried out for the Asian American community.

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Figure 4. Responses to Needs Assessment Question 1
Figure 4 illustrates that the majority of the respondents, 44 people, have a primary care
provider, indicating that most community members are actively engaged in their personal health
and wellbeing. Only 8 people responded that they do not have a primary care provider.
As shown in Figure 5, there were 37 respondents who have a regular eye doctor and 14
people who do not. One individual did not know whether or not he had an eye doctor.

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Figure 6 shows that the majority of the community members frequently seek eye check-
ups throughout the year. 15 respondents answered that they get eye check-ups at least once a
year while 16 respondents answered that they get several check-ups – twice or more in a year.
As shown in the graph above, there were 29 out of 52 total respondents (55.8%) who
never or only rarely wear sunglasses, which demonstrates that most members of our target

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population are not taking measures to protect their eyes when they go outside. Only 11
respondents often or always wear sunglasses.
The majority of the respondents to this two-part question did not experience a change in
their vision. However, out of the 19 participants who did notice a vision change, 12 visited a
medical professional to address the issue. This shows that some members of our target
population pay attention to their wellbeing. 7 out of 19 participants (36.8%) did not see a doctor
for their changes in vision.

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Based on the data collected for Question 6, the majority of the respondents,
approximately 54 percent, stated that they spend 1 to 2 hours looking at electronic screens such
as television and cell phones.

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Figure 11. Responses to Needs Assessment Question
The seventh question of our needs assessment aimed to determine whether respondents
wore glasses, and if so, why they wore them. 80.7% of the respondents (42 out of 52) wore
glasses, and 36 of the 42 used them for aging conditions. A significant risk factor for glaucoma is
old age, so it was important to know that most respondents’ eyes were already affected by aging
conditions.

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Data collected for Question 8 shows that 31 respondents, about 60 percent have heard of
glaucoma while the rest of the respondents have never heard of glaucoma before.
Figure 13. Responses for Needs Assessment Question 9
Figure 13 shows that the majority of the respondents and their family do not have
farsightedness with the exception of 5 respondents and 6 families.
Figure 14. Responses to Needs Assessment Question 9b
It is apparent that nearsightedness affects either directly or indirectly a great portion of
our surveyed participants.

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Figure 15. Responses to Needs Assessment Question 9c
It is shown that more than 15 percent of our survey participants have glaucoma, and
almost 6 percent have family members affected by glaucoma.
Figure 16. Responses to Needs Assessment Question 9d
More than 30 percent of the survey participants are directly affected by cataracts. Studies
have shown that early cataract surgeries can help with managing glaucoma and lowers
intraocular pressure.

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Figure 17. Responses to Needs Assessment Question 9e
Only one of the surveyed participants has macular degeneration. This accounts for
approximately two percent of our sample population. Many people have never heard of the
disease and lack the understanding for the importance of eye care.
Figure 18. Responses to Needs Assessment Question 9f
44 percent of the respondents complained about dry eyes. Though dry eyes is not a
serious eye condition and not a risk factor for glaucoma, its prevalence calls for a greater
awareness for eye care.

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Figure 19: Responses to Needs Assessment to Question 9g
As shown in Figure 19, 13 respondents, which is 25 percent of the sample, have had eye
surgeries. This is significant because many surgical procedures on the eye, eye injuries and
infections increase the chance of getting glaucoma.
Figure 20: Responses to Needs Assessment Question 9h
None of our respondents have loss of vision.

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Figure 21: Responses to Needs Assessment Question 10
The majority of the respondents and their family members did not have diabetes, which is
a risk factor for glaucoma. These results were different from we expected, as Asian Americans
are very susceptible to diabetes, but it is likely that our survey population was not big enough.
Workshop
The workshops were facilitated for a total of 81 senior citizens. However, due to late
arrivals and other circumstances, not all participants were surveyed. In the end, a total of 70 pre
and post workshop surveys were obtained, of which 42 were from the VNSNY workshop, and 28
were from the BRC Senior Service Center Workshop. Bar graphs for each workshop were
created to show the results and the effectiveness of the workshop in educating the senior citizens.
An additional bar graph was created to compare the before and after result of each pre- and post-
workshop question. Also, a bar graph with the pooled results was established to make ease for
pre- and post- workshop comparison.

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Codebook for Workshop Survey
Code Statements Correct Answers
SYMP There are always signs and
symptoms of glaucoma.
F
RISK Asians are at higher risk for
angle-closure glaucoma.
T
FACT Diabetes, HBP, heart disease,
and old age can put you at
higher risk for glaucoma.
T
GLAS Only people who wear glasses
are at risk for glaucoma.
F
HURT You don't need to see an eye
doctor unless your eye hurts.
F
EXAM If you are age 61 or older, you
need eye exams every year.
T
CURE Glaucoma is curable. F
TREA Eye drops, pills, laser
treatment, and surgery are
treatment options for
glaucoma.
T
FOOD Eating citrus fruits, nuts, and
fish can help maintain healthy
eyes.
T
ELEC It is okay to look at an
electronic screen for more
than an hour at a time.
F
INFM The speakers were
informative.
CLR The speakers were clear in
presenting the information.

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ACTV I liked the activities.
MORE I now have more information
about glaucoma and eye care.
VNSNY Mott Workshop
The pre and post workshop survey questions were the same for both workshops. The
questions are in the form of true or false statements.
Figure 22. Responses to Pre and Post-Workshop Survey Question 1
Question 1 asks whether glaucoma always has symptoms. The correct answer is false, but
28 respondents thought the statement was true in the pre-workshop survey. After the workshop,
there was an increase in the number of people who answered true.

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Figure 23.Responses to Pre and Post-Workshop Survey Question 2
The statement posed to the respondent was “Asian Americans are at a higher risk for
AACG.” The correct answer was true. Before our workshop, most respondents were either
unsure or incorrectly answered “false.” However, the post-workshop surveys showed a
significant improvement in correct answers, with only one person responding incorrectly.
Question 3 states that old age, diabetes, and heart disease can increase the risk for
glaucoma. Most people thought that the statement was true in the pre-workshop survey, with

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only 5 respondents being unsure. After the workshop was conducted, all of the attending senior
citizens believed the statement to be true, which is correct.
Question 4 states that only people who wear glasses are at risk for glaucoma. The correct
answer was “false”. Most people thought that the statement was false in the pre- and post-
workshop survey. Fewer people were unsure after the response.

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Question 5 states that you only need to see an eye doctor if your eye hurts. Most people
thought that the statement was false in the pre- and post-workshop survey, which was the correct
answer. No one incorrectly answered “true” after our workshop.
Question 6 states that you need to see an eye doctor every year if you are at least 61 years
old. Most people correctly thought that the statement was true in the pre and post-workshop
survey.

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The statement for this question states that there is a cure for glaucoma. 28 people thought
that the statement was true in the pre-workshop survey. After the workshop was carried out, this
number increased to 32. This parallel increase can also be observed with the “false” option,
which went from 4 to 6. 12 people were unsure before the workshop. This number was reduced
to 4 after the workshop.
Figure 29. Responses to Pre-Workshop and Post-Workshop Survey Question 8
This question states that eye drops, pills, laser treatment, and surgery are treatment
options for glaucoma. Prior to the workshop, 39 people believed this statement to be true, and the
remaining 5 respondents were unsure. After the workshop, all of the 42 attending senior citizens
felt that this statement is true, which is correct.

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Figure 30: Responses to Pre-Workshop and Post-Workshop Survey Question 9
Question 9 of the workshop survey asked our participants whether it is true or false that
eating citrus fruits, nuts, and fish can help maintain healthy eyes. The correct response is “true”.
Prior to our workshop, with the exception of 7 individuals, many of the senior citizens answered
correctly that consuming these foods can help maintain and improve their eyes. After our
workshop, all 42 of the senior citizens were able to answer the question correctly. This result
demonstrates that our presentation of the curriculum was effective and informative.
Figure 31:Responses to Pre-Workshop and Post-Workshop Survey Question 10

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The question stated that it is fine to look at an electronic screen for more than one hour at
a time. The correct answer to this question was “false.” After the workshop, there were no more
unsure answers, and fewer people incorrectly answered “true.”
Figure 32. Correct Response Rate for Workshop One’s Pre- and Post-Surveys
The responses for the pre and post workshop were tallied. The number of correct
responses was converted to percentages, and is displayed in the graph above. There was an
increase in the correct response rate for most of the questions. However, this increase did not
occur for question one, which stayed constant at 2 percent. Despite an increase for question 7,
the correct response rate remained at a relatively low level of 14%.

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BRC Senior Service Center Workshop
Figure 33: Responses for Pre-Workshop and Post-Workshop Survey Question 1
Question 1 remained the same as the question in the surveys for the first workshop at
VNSNY Mott Street Senior Center. The majority of the participants, 12 answered true for the
statement, “There are always signs and symptoms of glaucoma,” which is incorrect. 10 of the
participants were unsure of the statement. We expected there to be a positive change in the
responses, with more people selecting the correct response. However, there was no
improvement; four more people chose true and only nine people chose false. The results suggest
that either the senior citizens were confused by the statement or we did not adequately deliver the
information in an easy to understand manner.

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Figure 34.Responses to Pre and Post-Workshop Survey Question 2
The statement posed to the respondent was “Asian Americans are at a higher risk for
AACG.” The correct answer was true. Before our workshop, 16 respondents were unsure; 9
answered “true”. The post-workshop surveys showed improvement. 16 respondents answered
correctly. However, the number of incorrect respondents also increased from 1 to 3. The number
of unsure responses declined from 16 to 9.

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Question 3 states that old age, diabetes, and heart disease can increase the risk for
glaucoma. 16 people thought that the statement was true in the pre-workshop survey, with only 5
respondents unsure. After the workshop was conducted, all of the attending senior citizens chose
the correct statement, true.
Question 4 states that only people who wear glasses are at risk for glaucoma. Both before
and after the workshop, many people were unsure whether this statement is true. In fact, the
response rate for “unsure” remained at 9. The correct response, false increased from 11 to 15
people. The incorrect response rate decreased from 6 to 4.

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Figure 37: Responses to Pre and Post-Workshop Survey Question 5
Question 5 states that you only need to see an eye doctor if your eye hurts. 12 people
thought that the statement is true; 13 people believed the statement to be false. One person was
unsure. After the workshop, 19 people believed that the statement is false. Two people were
unsure, and the remaining people answered “true”.
Figure 38: Responses for Pre- and Post- Workshop Survey Question 9
In both the pre- and post- workshop surveys, the majority of the participants chose the
correct answer, true for statement 9. There was a slight increase in the number of correct

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responses, from 24 to 27, which shows that our workshop reinforced the concept of getting an
annual comprehensive eye exam, particularly if one is 61 years old and above.
Figure 39. Responses for Pre- and Post- Workshop Survey Question 7
The statement for this question says that there is a cure for glaucoma. 16 people thought
that the statement was true in the pre-workshop survey. After the workshop was carried out, this
number remained the same. The response rate for “false” increased from 3 to 8. The response
rate for “unsure” declined from 7 to 4.

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This question states that eye drops, pills, laser treatment, and surgery are treatment
options for controlling glaucoma. Prior to the workshop, 21 people believed this statement to be
true, three people believed it to be false, and two people felt unsure. After the workshop, the
response rate for “true” increased to 25. The remaining three respondents answered “unsure”.
The correct response is “true”.
Question 9 of the workshop survey asked our participants whether it is true or false that
eating citrus fruits, nuts, and fish can help maintain healthy eyes. The correct response is “true”.
Prior to our workshop, with the exception of 5 individuals, all of the senior citizens answered
correctly that consuming these foods can help maintain and improve their eyes. After our
workshop, only two respondents did not answer correctly.

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Figure 42:Responses to Pre-Workshop and Post-Workshop Survey Question 10
The question stated that it is fine to look at an electronic screen for more than one hour at
a time. The correct answer to this question was false. 17 people answered true while 6 people
answered false. The remaining three respondents answered unsure. After the workshop, the
response rate for false increased to 10. The number of people who answered true decreased to
10; 8 people were unsure after the workshop.
Figure 32. Correct Response Rate for Workshop One’s Pre- and Post-Surveys

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The responses for the pre and post workshop were tallied. The number of correct
responses was converted to percentages, and is displayed by the graph above. There was an
increase in the correct response rate for all of the questions.
Data Discrepancies
On August 8th, 2016, we conducted our first workshop where we distributed pre- and
post-workshop surveys containing ten questions to assess the audience’s knowledge about
glaucoma. In the pre-workshop survey, we noticed irregularities in the first and seventh
questions. The first question asked if there were always signs and symptoms of glaucoma and
only 2.3% responded false, which was the correct answer. 63.6% of those that attended answered
true incorrectly, and 34.1% were unsure of the answer. Similarly, for question seven, we asked if
glaucoma was treatable and only 9.1% answered false, whereas 63.6% answered true and 27.3%
were unsure of the answer. These two questions received the most incorrect responses and
should have been addressed better during the workshop, but the post-workshop survey showed
no improvement in results. For the first question, 95.2% answered incorrectly and for question
seven, 76.2% answered incorrectly. There was actually an increase in wrong answers, which
indicated that our workshop was not effective in explaining the treatability and symptoms of the
eye disease.
On August 12th, 2016, we conducted our second workshop with pre- and post-workshop
surveys. The pre-workshop surveys showed similar results to the first workshop with 42.6%
answered incorrectly and 35.7% unsure of the answer for question one. Question 7 received
57.1% incorrect answers and 25% unsure answers. The post-workshop, however, showed slight
improvement with 32.14% answering correctly instead of 14.3% in the pre survey for the first
question. Also, for question seven, 28.6% of the audience answered correctly as opposed to the

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10.7% in the pre-survey. While there is an improvement in responses from workshop one to
workshop two, overall, the majority still answered inaccurately, meaning either the question was
poorly written or we were not educating the seniors well enough.

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V. DISCUSSIONS
Needs Assessment
Despite the needs assessment’s limited sample size, it was an effective means to
understand the community’s level of knowledge about glaucoma and healthy eye care habits.
The results of the various questions in the survey influenced our decision to focus on glaucoma
and healthy eye care as our main topics for this year’s community health project.
For instance, the results of Question 2 showed that most participants have a regular eye
doctor with the exception of a few participants. Although we acknowledge that our recorded data
for the survey does not represent the entire Chinatown community, we were concerned by the
relatively high percentage of respondents who did not have a regular eye doctor, 29 percent.
Since Asian Americans are more at risk for AACG, it is important for community members to
have an accessible eye doctor where they can seek medical treatment for their eye conditions and
regular checkups. The data from this question suggests that there is a significant proportion of
the NYC Asian American community who do not have a regular eye doctor to receive periodic
screenings for eye diseases. Furthermore, data from Question 3 illustrates that most community
members are aware of taking preventative measures through eye-checkups to protect their
eyesight. However, we noted that there were a total of 14 respondents who answered that they
“don’t know” or “very rarely to never” get eye check-ups, which corresponds to the number of
individuals in Question 2 who do not have a regular eye doctor. Through Question 5b, we also
surveyed the participants to see whether they have sought medical assistance for a recent vision
change. There was a relatively high percentage of individuals who did not see a doctor for their
vision change, approximately 37 percent, which suggested that a significant proportion of our
population still does not actively step forward to address their health. Taking results from
Questions 2, 3, and 5 into consideration, we decided that it is necessary to encourage the local

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community to get a comprehensive eye check-up and to screen for glaucoma and other eye
diseases at our workshops and Good Health Days.
In addition, we had several survey questions that specifically support our decision to
implement informational workshops and booths about glaucoma and good eye care habits. The
results of both Questions 4 and 7 suggested that many of the community members are not
knowledgeable about the importance of wearing sunglasses and the appropriate amount of daily
screen time; thus, we concluded that it would be beneficial to inform members about healthy eye
care habits.
Moreover, the survey had questions that assessed whether our target population is more
prone to glaucoma. The data from Question 9 showed that most of the senior citizens had
nearsightedness, glaucoma, or cataracts, which are all risk factors for developing glaucoma.
From this observation, we came to a conclusion that we need to inform people about these risk
factors and to prevent against glaucoma. Likewise, Question 10 asked whether the participants or
their family have or had diabetes, which is another prominent risk factor for glaucoma. Since
people of Asian descent are susceptible to diabetes, we expected there to be higher rates. While
we assumed that there would be a direct correlation between the number of individuals with
diabetes and glaucoma, our data did not show this trend. Despite this, we still think that it is
necessary to educate people about the increased possibility of developing glaucoma when one
has diabetes.
Lastly, the result of Question 8 was essential to our community health project. Although
the majority of people have heard of glaucoma, it is important to note that many of them did not
know the specifics of the eye diseases such as its cause, risk factors, available treatments, and

41
preventative measures. Therefore, we strongly reaffirm that a health project specifically on
glaucoma and eye care would be helpful to the local community.
Workshop
Both workshops that we hosted were very successful. The first workshop was held in
only Cantonese and the second workshop was held in Cantonese and Mandarin. We had a larger
turnout than we expected at the workshops, which presented multiple challenges.
At the first workshop, three interns went to present and one intern went to help facilitate.
There were 44 participants when we had planned on only having around 20-30 participants. We
had enough packets and surveys, but not enough food for everyone. During the workshop,
volunteers from the senior center went out and bought more food. At the beginning of the
workshop, there may have been some confusion about the pre-surveys because we instructed the
seniors to complete them as Eileen was giving an introduction. We arrived later than expected to
the workshop. Due to the time constraints, the head of the senior center took over at the end of
the workshop. Therefore, we were unable to go over all of the answers to the post-survey. A few
people also left during the workshop, so we had fewer post-surveys.
We were better prepared for the second workshop. Bags with our educational materials
were all assembled prior to our arrival. Six interns went to the workshop instead of four. We
arrived early and were able to use the senior center’s kitchen to plate our food. Then, we began
to pass around the sign-in sheet and facilitate the pre-survey. When the presentation began, we
discovered that our audience spoke both Cantonese and Mandarin. Fortunately, we were able to
deliver the presentation in both dialects. One of the challenges we faced was that many seniors
that arrived to the workshop late and thus, they were unable to fill out a pre-survey. Some of the
seniors also did not fill out the pre- or post- surveys, as we noticed that 36 people signed in but

42
we only had around 28 surveys. There were also a few Fujianese speakers, so it was difficult to
communicate.
To evaluate the effectiveness of our workshops, we analyzed the data from our pre- and
post-workshop surveys. A scoring system was used to analyze the average improvement before
and after the workshops. Each correct answer was worth one point, for a total of ten possible
points. Unsure answers were not given any weight. As shown by the charts below, there were
significant increases in the average scores between the pre- and post-surveys for both workshops,
indicating that participants answered more questions correctly after hearing our presentation.
Thus, we can conclude that our workshop was effective in teaching the attendees about eye care
and glaucoma.
Workshop #1 – Average Score
Pre-Workshop 6.11
Post-Workshop 7.55
Figure 33. Workshop 1 Pre- and Post-Survey Average Scores
There was an increase of 1.44 between the pre- and post- workshop surveys, which
indicates that more questions were answered correctly by participants.
Workshop #2 – Average Score
Pre-Workshop 4.92
Post-Workshop 6.57
Figure 34. Workshop 2 Pre- and Post-Survey Average Scores
There was an increase of 1.65 between the pre- and post- workshop surveys, which indicates that
more questions were answered correctly by participants.
Both workshops were good learning experiences and the data for the pre and post
workshop surveys demonstrate the senior’s increased knowledge of glaucoma and eye care. We

43
enjoyed interacting with the seniors and believe that the workshops were a great way to promote
eye care and glaucoma awareness.
Good Health Day
Chinatown GHD
At the Chinatown Good Health Day, we were able to communicate well with our
Cantonese and Mandarin-speaking audience. We engaged our audiences by having them play
games in order to win prizes. In the “Eye Eat Healthy” game, we explained the foods they
should eat more of by enticing them with sunglasses, eyeglass wipes, and eyeglass toolkits.
People were also receptive when playing the “Eye Spy” game. The “Eye Spy” game was easier
to explain than the trifold or the fruit game, so those of us who spoke broken Cantonese and
Mandarin were able to facilitate it. After that game we let the participant choose one of seven
button designs. The Health Education packets were helpful in our goal to spread awareness about
eye care and getting one’s eyes checked. If someone did not want to stop and speak to us, we
could easily hand them a packet.
We struggled to get people to sign our “Eye Pledge” board because we did not have
enough people to facilitate all of the activities. Many of us were working hard to distribute the
giveaways, explain our tri-fold board, and explain our games, so there was no one to encourage
people to sign our board. We had also hoped to get more people to take pictures with our photo
booth. We think that because of the other activities we had, the photo booth was not as
prominent. Additionally, we had a raffle for our t-shirts. We had people stick their hand in a box
and pull out a strip of paper. If the paper had “You Won!” on it, then they got a t-shirt. If it did
not, then we gave them stickers and a pencil. The raffle worked for the most part except for a
few instances where people argued with us over getting the free t-shirt. Also, there were not
enough winners in Chinatown so we had some extra shirts for Flushing. Finally, we worked very

44
hard on our Snapchat geofilter design, but due to some miscommunication, we bought the filter
for the wrong area.
At the Chinatown GHD, we were able to learn how to deal with people who just wanted
to get our giveaways and not listen to what our project was about. We were very insistent that
they had to play at least one game before getting any of the prizes.
Flushing GHD
The Flushing Good Health Day was smaller and more manageable. We had more
Mandarin speakers in the group, so more of us could communicate with more people. We
encountered some trouble early because we had forgotten the “Eye Spy” game, some of our
props for the photo booth, and our Snapchat sign. We made a new Snapchat sign and decided not
to use any of our props. Instead of giving out buttons for the “Eye Spy” game, we gave out
buttons when people signed our “Eye Pledge” board. We were able to get a lot more people to
sign the board. An optometrist was also administering free vision screenings on the 5th floor of
CBWCHC, so we were able to refer people upstairs.
A little more than halfway through the day, we realized that we had too many giveaways
left. In order to get our message out further, we began to target all the children and give them
buttons and coloring sheets. Our interns also blew bubbles which the children really enjoyed.
Many of the kids put on the buttons right away and wore them around the health fair. We also
brought our raffle around the health fair to hand out more T-shirts. At the end of the day, we
went around giving out our leftover giveaways, bookmarks, and wallet cards.
During the day we did not encounter too many problems except for one man who kept
coming back to our booth. We had trouble getting him to leave especially since Michelle had
gone home sick. He kept asking for more sunglasses and the t-shirts even though he did not win
the raffle.

45
Video
The goal of our video was to show what it is like to live with glaucoma. We wanted to
highlight what life is like before and after developing the disease and after treatment.
Filming and editing were facilitated entirely by this year’s Project AHEAD interns. We
interviewed a family member with glaucoma and wrote a video script based on her answers. We
recorded her voice as the voice-over of the video. We added English and Chinese subtitles in
order to reach a wider audience. Chinese translations were edited by staff members of the health
education department.
We hope that our video will have a long-lasting impact as accessible resources for the
health center and community members. The video will be posted on the health centers’ YouTube
channel and will be further promoted through Facebook posts and other social media platforms
to reach out to more viewers.

46
VI. LIMITATIONS
NeedAssessment
We had multiple challenges when conducting our needs assessment. One challenge was
the number of times that we could go and conduct surveys. We were only able to go out twice
and both times were very hot. We also only surveyed in two locations so the needs assessment
probably did not cover enough people. When we administered the survey, many people were not
interested in participating as there was no real incentive for people to take the survey. We were
giving out CBWCHC pens and pamphlets when a better incentive may have encouraged more
people to participate. Finally, we would have been able to conduct more surveys if we had more
Cantonese-speaking interns.
Workshop
One limitation we faced was time. As the workshop was only 1.5 hours, we did not have
enough time to go in depth about glaucoma and preventative eye care. Some of the presentation
was a bit rushed. There were a few seniors that were illiterate and needed help filling out both
the pre and post surveys and there was not enough time for the interns to fully explain the whole
survey. In addition, many of the seniors arrived late and thus did not complete the pre-workshop
survey. There was also a language barrier. While we could communicate with those who spoke
English, Mandarin, and Cantonese, we could not communicate our message to the few Fujianese
speakers who came to the workshop.
Video
When we started filming, we encountered several limitations. First, we had no more
money in our budget to allocate for this video. Therefore, we were unable to purchase better
filming equipment, which proved to be a significant constraint for us. Our footage ended up

47
being shakier, so most of our filming had to be done standing still. We were also limited in time
and experience. Because we were focused on completing our Good Health Day and workshop
materials, we did not begin working on our video until the last two weeks of the internship, and
we underestimated the amount of time it would take to film and edit it. Furthermore, most of us
did not have experience with editing software, which left only one intern to finalize the video.

48
VII. RECOMMENDATIONS
While we completed all of our required proposals and presentations on time, we
recommend for the next Project AHEAD class to be more aware of deadlines. We were rushed
in the completion of our proposal and final paper. We found that making weekly and daily to-do
lists as well as assigning people tasks were very helpful. Additionally, it took an average of one
to two weeks for all print materials to be reviewed by Health Education. We sometimes felt
pressed for time because we were waiting for the reviewal process to be completed. Future
interns should make all print materials during the earlier half of the internship and begin writing
their tri-fold board earlier. Also, if next year’s interns are fluent in Chinese, translating the
materials to Chinese before sending it to be reviewed can speed up the final review process. Our
reviewal process was further delayed because there were no optometrists or ophthalmologists on
site for clinical review. We had to find an outside resource that would look at our materials.
Although everything worked out for us, future groups may want to make sure that there is a
doctor who can review their materials.
Furthermore, we were given a $750 budget and we spent about $13 dollars over. We
recommend that next year’s Project AHEAD group make sure to set aside around $100 for
unforeseen expenses. We did not expect so many people to show up at our workshops and
needed to buy extra food. We also spent more money than necessary because we bought the
wrong kind of button. Thankfully, Virginia was able to give us the correct button machine. If
future groups buy buttons, be sure to buy them from Neil Enterprises. Additionally, we were
required to laminate our writing on the tri-fold board and had hoped to laminate a few other
props. Health Ed only provided so much lamination slips and we did not have enough money to

49
buy more. Make sure to ask if Health Education can print certain materials for you instead of
spending money on printing from an outside vendor.
The internship goes by very quickly and at times can be stressful. At the beginning of the
internship many of us believed that we would have to stay late or work from home. We realized
that much of the work can be completed during work hours and if we procrastinated less we
could finish all the work we wanted to do. Some of us did work after hours, but it is not
necessary. The Project AHEAD group has people with many talents, so make sure everyone
knows the skills that each member has.
Lastly, the room that you work in is very cold so bring a sweater, leggings, or sweatpants.
Also, bring in food to keep morale up especially when working long hours on the presentations
or proposal (we recommend Ferrero Rocher and cake).

50
VIII. LIMITATIONS
Asian Americans are genetically more susceptible to certain eye issues, including closed-
angle glaucoma and myopia. Additionally, Asian Americans are more prone to diabetes, a health
issue that can lead to eye problems. By conducting the needs assessment, we were able to
examine exactly how eye issues affect the Asian American community in Chinatown and cater
our material to most benefit the community.
The main goal of our project was to inform and educate people about the importance of
visiting the eye doctor and the effects that glaucoma can have on the eyes. We were able to
accomplish our goal through the “Your Vision, Your Decision” workshops that we delivered to
two senior centers. The workshops enabled us to interact with community members on a more
personal level. We gathered valuable statistics though our pre and post workshop surveys that we
believe can contribute to the existing statistics about Asian Americans and glaucoma. We had a
successful Good Health Day where we were able to spread our message of the importance of eye
check-ups by holding many one-on-one interactions with our community members. In addition,
we were able to reach a greater audience through the distribution of booklets with glaucoma and
eye check-up information, stickers, buttons, coloring pages, bookmarks, and wallet cards. More
importantly, we have garnered positive feedback from our target community. We successfully
achieved our goal, and left behind sustainable and accessible resources for the future. It is our
wish that these materials can be used not only by the Asian American community, but also the
health care community.
During this brief period of eight weeks, we have learned invaluable lessons from our
speakers, mentors, doctors, other healthcare professionals, and each other. What we have learned
in this internship will serve as a strong foundation onto which we can further advance our

51
careers. Project AHEAD is an important milestone in each of our journeys. We are sincerely
grateful for all the time, effort, and resources that were invested into us. We are honored and
humbled by the opportunity to serve the Asian American community in NYC.

52
VIIII. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Project AHEAD 2016 would like to express our sincerest appreciation to all of the guest
speakers and staff at the Charles B. Wang Community Health Center. Our project would not
have been possible without your support. Thank you for giving us the opportunity to participate
in this internship!

53
X. REFERENCES
"About Glaucoma - Asia-Pacific Glaucoma Society (APGS)," Asia-Pacific Glaucoma Society
(APGS), accessed July 12, 2016, http://www.apglaucomasociety.org/education/about-
glaucoma/
Chou, Brian, O.D. "Addressing the Myopia Epidemic with Asian American Parents."
Multicultural Blog. August 1, 2012. Accessed July 12, 2016.
Don Detmer, Jordan Cohen, Jay Sanders, Barbara Redman, Roger Bulger, Kenneth Fored, and
Leslie Kuhn, “Leading Causes of Blindness,” NIH Medline Plus, 2008, accessed July 12,
2016,
https://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/magazine/issues/summer08/articles/summer08pg1
4-15.html.
“Glaucoma Facts and Stats,” Glaucoma Research Foundation, accessed July 11, 2016,
http://www.glaucoma.org/glaucoma/glaucoma-facts-and-stats.php.
"Glaucoma in the Asian Eye," Helio Opthamology, August 22, 2011, accessed July 12, 2016,
http://www.healio.com/ophthalmology/glaucoma/news/online/{39afc467-8250-450a-
a639-36b78cba802d}/glaucoma-in-the-asian-eye.
"Eye Complications," American Diabetes Association, , accessed July 12, 2016,
http://www.diabetes.org/living-with-diabetes/complications/eye-complications/.
"Eye Disease Statistics," NIH, March 2014, accessed July 11, 2016,
https://nei.nih.gov/sites/default/files/nei-
pdfs/NEI_Eye_Disease_Statistics_Factsheet_2014_V10.pdf.
“Facts About Glaucoma,” National Eye Institute, accessed July 11, 2016,

54
Kierstan Boyd and J Kevin McKinney, MD, "Who Is at Risk for Glaucoma?," American
Academy of Ophthalmology, 2015, , accessed July 11, 2016, http://www.aao.org/eye-
health/diseases/glaucoma-risk.
Kinshuck, David, "Angle Closure Glaucoma..professionals," Good Hope Eye Clinic, accessed
July 12, 2016, http://www.goodhopeeyeclinic.org.uk/angleclosureprof.htm.
"NYU Center for the Study of Asian American Health," Asian Americans in the U.S., , accessed
July 11, 2016, http://www.med.nyu.edu/asian-health/about-us/asian-americans-us.
Perrin, Andrew, "English-speaking Asian Americans Stand out for Their Technology Use," Pew
Research Center RSS, 2016, , accessed July 12, 2016, http://www.pewresearch.org/fact-
tank/2016/02/18/english-speaking-asian-americans-stand-out-for-their-technology-use/.
Profile of New York City's Chinese Americans: 2013 Edition (New York, NY: Asian American
Federation, 2013).
Shan C. Lin, MD, “Glaucoma In Asian Population,” Glaucoma Research Foundation, May 2009,
accessed July 11, http://www.glaucoma.org/gleams/glaucoma-in-asian-populations.php.
Stein, Joshua D. et al., "Differences in Rates of Glaucoma among Asian Americans and Other
Racial Groups, and among Various Asian Ethnic Groups," Ophthalmology 118, no. 6
(2011):, doi:10.1016/j.ophtha.2010.10.024.
"Study Offers First Look at Asian Americans' Glaucoma Risk," : University of Michigan
Kellogg Eye Center, April 18, 2011, , accessed July 12, 2016,
http://kellogg.umich.edu/news/study-offers-first-look-at-asian-americans-glaucoma-
risk.html.
"Types of Glaucoma," Glaucoma Research Foundation, May 5, 2015, accessed July 11, 2016,
http://www.glaucoma.org/glaucoma/types-of-glaucoma.php.

55
"Vision Problems in the U.S.," Glaucoma Prevalence Rates by State, 2012, , accessed July 11,
2016, http://www.visionproblemsus.org/glaucoma/glaucoma-map.html.
"Why Are Asians at Higher Risk?,"Asian Diabetes Prevention, accessed July 12, 2016,
http://www.asiandiabetesprevention.org/what-is-diabetes/why-are-asians-higher-risk

56
XI. APPENDICES
A. TIMELINE
B. BUDGET
C. NEEDS ASSESSMENT
D. WORKSHOP CURRICULUM
E. WORKSHOP FLIER
F. PRE-WORKSHOP SURVEY
G. POST-WORKSHOP SURVEY
H. PHOTO CONSENT FORM
I. BUTTON DESIGNS
J. WALLET CARD DESIGN
K. BOOKMARK DESIGN
L. STICKER DESIGNS

57
A. Timeline
Week 1 (June 27 - July 1)
● Welcome & Orientation
● Team bonding (understanding conflicts & developing communication skills)
● Community agreements and strengths & weaknesses
● Brainstorm topic ideas for community health project
● Develop proposal outline & to-do list
● Research on glaucoma and its prevalence in Asian American community
Week 2 (July 5 - July 8):
● Start proposal draft (Introduction, Statement of Need, Goals, Methodology, Activities)
● Contact Vision Services for the Blind and Visually Impaired to learn more about
resources for individuals suffering from glaucoma
● Finalize needs assessment survey & submit to Michelle for review & translate
● Decide on logo and slogan
● Begin workshop planning
● Develop video ideas
● Develop workshop pre- and post-assessment surveys (ten true/false questions) to assess
the audience’s knowledge of glaucoma
● Submit pre- and post-assessment surveys to Michelle for review
● Finish proposal draft (Budget, Timeline, Conclusion, Abstract, Citations)
● Submit proposal to Michelle for review on July 12th
● Revise proposal for resubmission
● Submit proposal to Regina on July 15th
● Compile available resources - CBWCHC
● Revise proposal with the suggestions from Regina
● Submit revised proposal to Michelle for review
● Complete final proposal
● Meet with Dr. Raymond Fong to review clinical material
● Create games for Good Health Day
● Finish and distribute workshop flyers
● Begin video script
● Press conference preparation (PowerPoint, start writing script)
● T-shirt planning & ordering
● Request health education material from Michelle
● Start the tri-fold board
Week 6 (August 1 - August 5):
● Continue preparing for Press Conference
● Press Conference on August 1st

58
● Video proposal draft
● Finalize workshop presentation
● Make buttons, I pledge board, wallet cards, bookmarks, photo booth /props, and coloring
sheets
● Buy fruit and material for workshops
● Workshop #1 and #2
● Prepare for Good Health Day - finalize all materials
● Good Health Day - August 10th (Chinatown) & 13th (Flushing)
● Begin final presentation and report
● Analyze data from workshop survey (to be used in final presentation)
● Begin filming video
● Good Health Day Evaluation
● Final Presentation & Reception
● Editing and finishing video
● Submit final report to Michelle August 16
● Submit final report to Regina August 18
● Project AHEAD internship evaluation

59
B. Budget
Unit Name Unit price Number of Units Total
Price
Reference
2.25” pin back sets $0.26 500 $129.95 Badge-A-Minit
Stickers $0.18 500 $87.89 Sticker You
Clementine $1.80/lb 8.59 lbs $15.46+
$21
Chinatown Fruit
Stall
Cherries $3.00/lb 2 lb $6+$10 Fruit Stall
Bread $2.25/pack 2 packs $5.50 Chinatown Bakery
Eggs $1.19 5 cartons $6 Trader Joe’s
Extra Workshop Food ---- ---- $18.86+
$16
Eileen Zhang
Plates CBWCHC 2 packs $0 CBWCHC
Forks CBWCHC 2 packs $0 CBWCHC
Printing: Coloring
Sheets, Buttons, etc.
---- 300 black & white
sheets (coloring
pages)
42 colored sheets
(buttons)
$0 CBWCHC
Wallet Cards $0.05 500 $25.28 Primoprint
Bookmarks $0.10 500 $49.15 Primoprint
Trifold Display Board CBWCHC 1 board CBWCHC Virginia Lou Ng
Sunglasses CBWCHC 300 pairs CBWCHC Virginia Lou Ng

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Lens Cloth CBWCHC 300 CBWCHC Virginia Lou Ng
Eyeglasses toolkit CBWCHC 300 sets CBWCHC Virginia Lou Ng
Photobooth Eye Props $8.59 1 set $8.59 Amazon
Posterboard $1.50 5 sheets $7.90 Chinatown
Stationery Store
Foam Board $1.00 2 sheets $2 Michael’s Craft
Store
Exacto Knife $1 1 knife $1 Chinatown
Stationery Store
Iron-ons $1.08 18 sheets (1 pack) $19.36 Amazon
T-shirts $6.52 46 shirts $299.92 customink.com
Sandpaper $1.50 1 sheet $1.50 Chinatown
Paint + Paintbrush $6.15 1 Tube $7.78 Blick
Snapchat Geofilter $5 2 Filters $10.02 Snapchat
Round label sheets $6.99 2 packs $13.98 Amazon
Total ---- ---- $763.14 ----

61
C. Needs Assessment
Date: / /2016 Survey #:_________
PROJECT AHEAD 2016 NEEDS ASSESSMENT
Project AHEAD is a summer internship for college students. Each year, interns develop a
community health project that addresses an Asian American health need. This survey will take
less than 5 minutes and will help us better understand the health needs of the local community.
1. Do you have a primary care provider?
⧠ Yes
⧠ No
⧠ Don’t know
⧠ Other, specify:_______________
2. How often do you get eye check-ups?
⧠ Once a year
⧠ Once every two years
⧠ Don’t know
⧠ Other, specify:_______________
3. How often do you wear sunglasses?
⧠ Never
⧠ Rarely

62
⧠ Sometimes
⧠ Often
⧠ Always
4. How often do you use eye drops?
⧠ Never
⧠ 1-3 days per week
⧠ 4-6 days per week
⧠ Once everyday
⧠ More than once everyday
5. How many hours a day do you spend looking at a screen (eg: TV/ computer/
smartphone/gaming device)?
⧠ 0 hours
⧠ 1-2 hours
⧠ 3-4 hours
⧠ 5-6 hours
⧠ More than 6 hours
6. Do you wear glasses/ contacts to correct vision?
⧠ Yes
⧠ No
⧠ Don’t know
⧠ Other, specify: _________________

63
7. Have you ever heard of glaucoma?
⧠ Yes
⧠ No
⧠ Don’t know
8. Have you or your family ever had the following eye conditions? Check all that apply.
Self Your Family
Farsightedness
Nearsightedness
Glaucoma
Cataracts
Crossed eyes
Lazy eyes
Dry eyes
Eye surgery
Eye infection
Loss of vision
Don’t know
9. Have you or your family ever had the following health conditions? Check all that apply
Self Your Family
Diabetes
Hypertension (High Blood Pressure)
Heart Disease
Obesity
Don’t know

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Demographics
Gender:_______________________________
Age: _______________________
Place of birth:
⧠ China
⧠ Hong Kong
⧠ Taiwan
⧠ United States
⧠ Other, specify:___________
Thank you for taking the time to complete this questionnaire!

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D. Workshop Curriculum
“YOUR VISION, YOUR DECISION” WORKSHOP CURRICULUM
At least 8 Participants
Approximately 1.5 hours
Mandarin, Cantonese
Senior Health Educator: Eileen Zhang
INTRODUCTION
This workshop will inform the participant regarding the importance of taking preventative
eye care, provide community resources, educate on intake of nutrients and instruct simple
regular eye exercises.
OBJECTIVE
 Assess current knowledge concerning eye care.
 Inform the audience some key points regarding glaucoma.
 Identify daily good and bad habits for the eyes.
 Advise participants with preventative eye care strategies.
 Promote community resources for eye and health care.
 Participants will leave with understanding of:
 General information regarding glaucoma, this includes: pathology, treatment,
coping, and after surgery care.
 Importance of eye health and its relations to other possible diseases.
 Nutrients that are good for eyes.
Demographics
 Senior citizens

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Materials
 Attendance sheet
 Healthy snacks that are good for eyes
 Pre- and Post-survey
 Wallet cards
 Bookmarks
 Stickers
 Charles B. Wang Pens
 CBWCHC Health Education Materials
WORKSHOP OUTLINE
0-10
minutes
Pre-Workshop activity
 Give 10 minutes for participants to sign in
 Participants fills out pre-workshop survey while they wait for everyone
to arrive
15-20
minutes
Introduction
 Facilitator introduces the Project Ahead program and the CBWCHC
 Check-in: name, what is something you hope to get out of this
workshop?
20-30
minutes
 Show the presentation to the audience. Discuss the slides in depth.
20-30
minutes
 Discuss the results of the pre-workshop survey, and use the slides to
reinforce any area that the audience shows a lack of understanding.
 Distribute snacks.
 Hand out the post-workshop survey, and conclude the meeting.
E. WORKSHOP FLYER

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F. PRE-WORKSHOP SURVEY
Your Vision, Your Decision Pre-Workshop Survey
Date (日期): ___/___/2016
Please circle your answer. 請圈出您的答案 True
正
確
False
錯誤
Unsure
不確
定
1) There are always signs and symptoms of glaucoma
青光眼總有一些跡象和症狀
2) Asians are at higher risk for angle-closure glaucoma.
亞洲人罹患閉角型青光眼的風險較高。
3) Diabetes, high blood pressure, heart disease, and old age can put you
at higher risk for glaucoma.
糖尿病、高血壓、心臟疾病和高齡會增加罹患青光眼的機率。
4) Only people who wear glasses are at risk for glaucoma.
只有戴眼鏡的人才会患上青光眼。
5) You don’t need to see an eye doctor unless your eye hurts.
除非你的眼睛疼,不然你並不需要看眼科醫生。
6) If you are age 61 or older, you need eye exams every year.
如果你是61歲或以上，您需要每年做一次眼科檢查。
7) Glaucoma is curable.

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青光眼是可以治癒的。
8) Eye drops, pills, laser treatment, and surgery are treatment options for
glaucoma.
眼藥水、藥丸、激光治療和手術是用於青光眼的治療選擇。
9) Eating citrus fruits, nuts, and fish can help to maintain healthy eyes.
吃柑橘類水果，堅果和魚可以幫助維持眼睛的健康。
10) It is okay to look at an electronic screen for more than an hour at a
time.
看電子屏幕多於一個小時是沒有問題的。

70
G. POST-WORKSHOP SURVEY
Your Vision, Your Decision Post-Workshop Survey
Date: ___/___/2016
日期:
Please circle your answer. 請圈出您的答案
True
正
確
False
錯誤
Unsure
不確
定
1) There are always signs and symptoms of glaucoma.
青光眼總有一些跡象和症狀
2) Asians are at higher risk for angle-closure glaucoma.
亞洲人罹患閉角型青光眼的風險較高。
3) Diabetes, high blood pressure, heart disease, and old age can put you
at higher risk for glaucoma.
糖尿病、高血壓、心臟疾病和高齡會增加罹患青光眼的機率。
4) Only people who wear glasses are at risk for glaucoma.
只有戴眼鏡的人才会患上青光眼。
5) You don’t need to see an eye doctor unless your eye hurts.
除非你的眼睛疼,不然你並不需要看眼科醫生。
6) If you are age 61 or older, you need eye exams every year.

71
如果你是61歲或以上，您需要每年做一次眼科檢查。
7) Glaucoma is curable.
青光眼是可以治癒的。
8) Eye drops, pills, laser treatment, and surgery are treatment options for
glaucoma.
眼藥水、藥丸、激光治療和手術是用於青光眼的治療選擇。
9) Eating citrus fruits, nuts, and fish can help to maintain healthy eyes.
吃柑橘類水果，堅果和魚可以幫助維持眼睛的健康。
10) It is okay to look at an electronic screen for more than an hour at a
time.
看電子屏幕多於一個小時是沒有問題的。
Evaluation of Workshop
Agree
同意
Neutral
中立
Disagree
不同意
The speakers were informative. 演講者提供了豐富的信息
.
The speakers were clear in presenting the information. 演講者的演
講信息是清晰的.
I liked the activities. 我喜歡今天的活動.
I now have more information about glaucoma and preventative eye

72
care. 現在我知道更多關於青光眼和眼睛保健的資訊。

73
H. PHOTO CONSENT FORM
Photo and Video Image Release and Consent Form (Individual)
By signing this release, I authorize the Charles B. Wang Community Health Center and/or its
designees to use photographs of myself and/or my family members at the 2016 Good Health Day
“I Care for Eye Care” activities for educational and promotional purposes. I understand that my
photograph will be displayed on the Health Center’s Facebook. During this period anyone may
access and view my photographs.
使用照片授權同意書（個人）
本人特此簽名同意王嘉廉社區醫療中心及其指定人員使用本人參加2016年健康日的「眼睛
常保健,精彩每一天」的推廣活動中的照片。本人瞭解我的照片將在拍攝後的三十天內放
置在王嘉廉社區醫療中心的網站上來説明推廣眼睛保健的資訊。本人明白王嘉廉社區醫療
中心會在30天后刪除和停止使用我的照片，但在這30天內任何訪問醫療中心的網站的人都
可能看到我的照片。
No. Name姓名（請用正楷書寫） Signature簽名
1
2
3
4
5

75
I. BUTTON DESIGNS
J. WALLET CARD DESIGN
K. BOOKMARK DESIGN

76
L. STICKER DESIGN
M. T-SHIRT DESIGN

77
N. COLORING PAGES
O. SNAPCHAT GEOFILTER

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