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A Focus on Minimizing potential
risks by proceeding under a
bilateralormultilateraltreaty
insteadofacontract.
PRESENTED BY: CHANAKYA KENE;
UG20-47
1. Introduction
Intoday'sworld,businessesandindividualsoften nd
themselvesworkingacrossborders,makinginternational
agreementsandcontractsincreasinglycommon.However,
contractsarenotalwaysthebestwaytoensurethateach
party'sinterestsareprotected.Instead,bilateralormultilateral
treatiescanprovidemorecomprehensiveprotectionand
minimizethepotentialrisksassociatedwithinternational
transactions.Thispaperexplorestheadvantagesofusing
treatiesovercontractsandexaminessomeofthekey
elementstoconsiderwhenusingtheseagreementsto
minimizerisks.
Multilateral/ Bilateral
Treaty over Contract
Contractsarecommonlyusedinbusinesstransactionsto
establishlegallybindingagreementsbetweentwoormore
parties.However,whendealingwithcross-border
transactions,contractscanbecomplex,costly,andmaynot
providethesamelevelofprotectionasatreaty.Bilateralor
multilateraltreatiescanprovideamorecomprehensive
approachtoprotectingtheinterestsofallpartiesinvolved.
Treatieshavetheadvantageofbeingenforceableby
internationallawandmayprovideamoresecurebasisfor
conductinginternationaltransactions.
BENEFITS OF FOCUSING
TREATIES OVER
CONTRACTS
Comprehensive Protection
Enforceability
Standardization
Stability.
Effective in Minimizinf
Potential Risk
When using bilateral or multilateral treaties, the
following key elements must be considered to
minimize the potential risks involved in international
transactions:
Parties involved
Negotiation and Drafting
Compliance
Dispute Resolution
5. How to Minimize
Potential Risks
Therearecertainstepswhichcanhelpminimizethepotential
risksofbilateraltreatiessuchas:
1.Draftingaclausebasedtreatythatiseasytointerpretand
clarify.
2.Includingprovisionswhichfacilitatedisputeresolution
mechanisms.
3.Includingreview-and-renewclausessothatthetreatycan
evolveasneeded.
4.Structuringthetreatydocumentinameasurablewayto
makeiteasytounderstand.
5.Makingsurethatthetermsfavoredbybothpartiesare
equallyweighed.
BIT's and Risk
management
Oneofthekeybene tsofBITsisthattheycanhelpto
minimizethepotentialrisksassociatedwithinvestingina
foreigncountry.Byprovidingaframeworkforinvestment
protectionanddisputeresolution,BITscangiveinvestors
greatercondenceinthesecurityandstabilityoftheir
investments.

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Focus of minimizing potential risk by proceeding under a bilateral or multilateral treaty instead of a contract