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Understanding
4D Printing
4D printing is an emerging technology
where a 3D printed object changes shape
under the influence of an external factor.
It is often known as 4D bioprinting or
shape morphing system.
4D printing uses programmable
materials which perform
differently in presence of an
external factor.
Commonly used factors are
humidity, temperature,
light, etc. 
The configured objects show
multifunctional performance
due to infinite configurations at
micrometer resolution.
Printing Techniques
Pattern-driven printing, stress relaxation,
hydro-reactive polymers,
thermo-reactive polymers, etc.
Applications
Cell traction force, electrical & magnetic smart
materials and commerce & transportation.
Centex Technologies
www.centextech.com
13355 Noel Road,
Suite # 1100, Dallas, TX 75240
Phone: (972) 375 - 9654
501 N. 4th Street,
Killeen, TX 76541
Phone: (254) 213 - 4740
1201 Peachtree St NE,
Suite 200, Atlanta, GA 30361
Phone: (404) 994 - 5074
7600 Chevy Chase Drive,
Suite 300,Austin, TX 78752
Phone: (512) 956 - 5454
Image Source: Designed by Freepik

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Understanding 4D Printing

  • 1. Understanding 4D Printing 4D printing is an emerging technology where a 3D printed object changes shape under the influence of an external factor. It is often known as 4D bioprinting or shape morphing system. 4D printing uses programmable materials which perform differently in presence of an external factor. Commonly used factors are humidity, temperature, light, etc.  The configured objects show multifunctional performance due to infinite configurations at micrometer resolution. Printing Techniques Pattern-driven printing, stress relaxation, hydro-reactive polymers, thermo-reactive polymers, etc. Applications Cell traction force, electrical & magnetic smart materials and commerce & transportation. Centex Technologies www.centextech.com 13355 Noel Road, Suite # 1100, Dallas, TX 75240 Phone: (972) 375 - 9654 501 N. 4th Street, Killeen, TX 76541 Phone: (254) 213 - 4740 1201 Peachtree St NE, Suite 200, Atlanta, GA 30361 Phone: (404) 994 - 5074 7600 Chevy Chase Drive, Suite 300,Austin, TX 78752 Phone: (512) 956 - 5454 Image Source: Designed by Freepik