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1. N for Kids
utrition
A “Get Healthy” Approach
to Achieving Weight Goals
THE PHYSICIANS COMMITTEE FOR RESPONSIBLE MEDICINE
2. Weigh ing In
Parents know that the road to lifelong
good health starts with healthy eating
on Health
and plenty of exercise. Getting kids and People who maintain a healthy weight throughout life
families started down this path is easy stay well and live longer than those who are overweight.
with a little assistance. In this guide, you The lifestyle habits that help keep us slim—exercise and a
will find the tools you and your fam-
healthy diet—also cut our risk of diabetes, heart disease,
high blood pressure, and some cancers.
ily need to achieve many of your health
goals: up-to-date health and nutrition The prevalence of obesity among spectively). One-fourth to one-third of
our nation’s youth has more than dou- dieting adolescents practice unhealthy
information, advice on changing habits, bled in the past 20 years, with close to or even dangerous diets.3 In a study of
5 million youths aged 6 to 17 seriously 5- to 12-year-olds, 45 percent of the
tips to get your family started, and plenty overweight or obese. The concerns girls and 20 percent of the boys re-
caused by overweight are more than ported having been on a diet.4 Cutting
of delicious recipes.
a cosmetic issue. Childhood obesity calories dramatically is often effective
leads to a variety of health problems, at lowering weight for the short term,
such as type 2 diabetes, high blood but this usually results in overeating
pressure, and heart disease.1 The Cen- or binge eating and regaining of any
ters for Disease Control and Preven- lost weight. High-protein, low-carbo-
tion recently found that 60 percent of hydrate, and very-low calorie diets are
overweight 5- to 10-year-olds already not safe for children or teens.
have at least one risk factor for heart Instead, children (and adults) mere-
disease, such as raised blood pressure ly need to switch to healthy foods.
or insulin levels.2 When the diet is built from fruits, veg-
Many adolescent boys and girls in etables, grains, and legumes, weight
the United States are currently trying management is much easier, and put-
to lose weight (36 and 44 percent, re- ting limits on calories is unnecessary.
II NUTRITION FOR KIDS • PCRM NUTRITION FOR KIDS • PCRM 1
3. For example, a veggie burger has 0.5 calories). It’s easy to make the switch change their food intake because of Choosing lower-fat recipes
grams of fat, saving 20 grams of fat and and well worth the time. concerns about health, body size, or
180 calories (compared to hamburger The bottom line is that it is always personal beliefs, they focus too nar- and foods and eating a
at 21 grams of fat and 444 calories). A the right time to adopt a healthful diet. rowly on just a small number of foods.
homemade bean burrito with lettuce, It is important to help all children, re- Exploring the broad range of health- variety of colors are good
tomato, and salsa has 2 grams of fat, gardless of body size, choose a healthy ful foods now available makes a menu
saving 16 grams of fat and 135 calories eating style and incorporate fun physi- change fun, nutritious, and sustain- ways to ensure that your
(compared to a fast-food chili-cheese cal activity into their lives for now and able.
burrito with 18 grams of fat and 390 in the future. • Choose low-fat, healthful options
child’s diet is a healthy one.
whenever possible. Choosing lower-
fat recipes and foods and eating a va-
FOOD CHOICES FOR ACHIEVING AND riety of colors are good ways to ensure
MAINTAINING A HEALTHY WEIGHT that your child’s diet is a healthy one.
For example, oven-roasted potatoes
Choosing a plant-based eating style going hungry.”6,8 This is the key to should be chosen over french fries,
is a simple way to achieve or maintain lifelong weight maintenance. The sci- pasta with marinara sauce is a better
a healthy weight because such dietary entific evidence is clear: The closer a option than spaghetti with meatballs,
patterns require no calorie counting family gets to a pure vegetarian diet, and fruit sorbet is just as refreshing
and contain the nutrients a fit body the healthier and leaner they’ll be. but much more healthful than ice
needs. Vegetarians have been shown to Here are some ideas for making the cream. The net effect is usually a re-
be leaner than their meat-eating peers duction that isn’t easily detected in the
switch:
in a number of scientific studies,5,6 and number of calories and fat consumed
vegetarian diets have also been shown • Identify three or four vegetarian
in any given portion of food. Plus, the
to be effective in weight loss.7 recipes your family already enjoys.
introduction of new foods adjusts the
Dr. Benjamin Spock, pediatrician, Examples include bean burritos, pasta taste buds and develops an apprecia-
medical researcher, and teacher, ad- with marinara sauce, vegetable stir- tion for good, wholesome food.
vised in his book Dr. Spock’s Baby and fries, and vegetable soup. Next, think • It’s best to avoid foods and bever-
Child Care that weight-loss programs of three or four more frequently eaten ages that have lots of calories but few
for children should be based upon meals that can be easily adapted to be or no nutrients, such as candy, soda,
changing the types of foods children vegetarian. For example, chili can be punch, cookies, and fried snack foods.
eat rather than the amount of food they made with beans, and other favorites, Fatty condiments like creamy salad
eat. He encouraged shifting the entire such as sloppy joes and tacos, can be dressings, mayonnaise, butter, and
family away from oily fried foods, made with texturized vegetable pro- margarine are best left off the plate.
meats, and dairy products and toward tein. Instead of centering meals around fat-
low-fat, plant-based foods: grains, • Experiment and broaden food op- ty meats and cheese, meals should be
pasta, vegetables, legumes, and fruit. tions. Try new foods, recipes, and built from the New Four Food Groups:
When this is done, he stated, “weight places to eat to keep it interesting and healthy grains, legumes, fruit, and
loss typically occurs without anyone enjoyable. Sometimes, when people vegetables.
2 NUTRITION FOR KIDS • PCRM NUTRITION FOR KIDS • PCRM 3
4. THE NEW FOUR other vegetables, fresh or frozen, raw
SAMPLE MENUS FOR CHILDREN AND TEENS
or cooked.
FOOD GROUPS • One serving of vegetables equals
1 to 4 years old
Breakfast: Oatmeal with applesauce, calcium-fortified orange juice
Plan menus using the New Four 1/2 cup cooked or 1 cup raw (unless Lunch: Alphabet Soup*, whole-grain crackers, banana, peas, soymilk
Food Groups: whole grains, vegeta- an amount is specified in the table on
Dinner: Baked beans, mashed sweet potatoes, braised collards, soymilk
bles, legumes, and fruit. People who page 6).
consume diets built from these foods Snacks: Peach, Cheerios, soymilk
tend to have a dramatically lower in- LEGUMES, NUTS, SEEDS,
cidence of heart disease, cancer, and Breakfast: Whole-grain cereal with strawberries and soymilk
AND NON-DAIRY MILKS
4 to 6 years old
stroke. Weight problems—which con- Lunch: Hummus sandwich on whole-wheat bread with lettuce and
Legumes, nuts, seeds, and non-dairy tomato, apple juice, orange wedge, carrot sticks
tribute to a host of health problems—
milks are all good sources of protein, Dinner: Steamed tofu and spinach, Simply Delicious Winter Squash*,
can also be brought under control
iron, calcium, zinc, and B vitamins. Oven Fries*, soymilk, baked apple with cinnamon
by following the New Four Food
Legumes are great sources of fiber. Snacks: Trail mix, graham crackers, soymilk
Group recommendations.
• Legumes include beans, such as
WHOLE GRAINS Breakfast: Granola topped with soy yogurt, blueberries, and almonds;
7 to 12 years old
pinto, navy, kidney, and garbanzo;
calcium-fortified orange juice
Build each of your meals around a lentils; black-eyed or split peas; and
Lunch: Mushroom Barley Soup*, green salad, whole-wheat bread, pear
hearty grain dish. Grains are rich in products made from soybeans, such as
Dinner: Chili Mac*, greens beans, cucumber salad, soymilk
fiber and other complex carbohy- tofu, veggie burgers, soy “hot dogs” or
Snacks: Popcorn, figs, soy “ice cream”
drates, as well as protein, B vitamins, sandwich slices, and tempeh, a hearty
and zinc. fermented soy product that can be
Breakfast: Bagel with peanut butter and banana, calcium-fortified orange juice
13 to 19 years old
• Whole grains include breads; hot used in place of meat in many recipes.
• One serving of legumes equals 1/2 Lunch: Missing Egg Sandwich*, Crispy Jicama Salad*, peach, soymilk
and cold cereals; pasta; cooked grains,
cup of beans, tofu, or other item (un- Dinner: Bean burrito with lettuce, tomato, and guacamole; rice; baked
such as rice and barley; and crackers. tortilla chips and salsa; soymilk; Apple Crisp*
• One serving equals 1/2 cup of less specified in the table on page 6).
Snacks: Hummus and crackers, Strawberry Smoothie*, Luna or Clif Bar
pasta, grains, or cooked cereal, 3/4 • Non-dairy milks include breast
to 1 cup of ready-to-eat cereal, 1/2 milk and soy formula for infants and * See delicious recipes starting on page 14
bun or bagel, or 1 slice of bread. toddlers and rice-, soy-, and other
vegetable-based milks for children at seed butters. that are high in vitamin C—citrus
VEGETABLES least 1 year of age. Choose fortified • One to two servings of nuts may be fruits, melons, and strawberries are
Vegetables are packed with vitamin soymilk, such as Silk, Westsoy Plus, included in a healthy diet, but they are all good choices.
C, beta-carotene, riboflavin, iron, cal- Enriched VitaSoy, or Edensoy, when- optional. One serving of nuts or nut • Fruits include all fruits, fresh or fro-
cium, fiber, and other nutrients. ever possible, or use other fortified butters equals 1 tablespoon. zen, raw or cooked, and fruit juices.
• “Dark green vegetables” include vegetable-based milks. • One serving equals 1/2 cup cooked
broccoli, kale, spinach, collards, turnip • One serving of non-dairy milk FRUITS fruit, 1/2 cup fruit juice, 1/4 cup dried
greens, mustard greens, beet greens, equals 1 cup. Fruits are rich in fiber, vitamin C, fruit, or 1 piece of whole fruit (unless
bok choy, and Swiss chard. • Nuts include whole or chopped and beta-carotene. Be sure to include an amount is specified in the table on
• “Other vegetables” refer to all nuts, nut butters, whole seeds, and at least one serving each day of fruits the following page).
4 NUTRITION FOR KIDS • PCRM NUTRITION FOR KIDS • PCRM 5
5. MENU PLANNING KID CLASSICS blend to make a smoothie. A scoop
of fruit sorbet—found at many of the
Planning meals based on the New Four Food Groups is easy and helps ensure grow- Being vegetarian doesn’t mean hav-
ing kids get the important nutrients they need. Caloric needs vary from child to child. large ice cream chains or at the gro-
ing to give up classic kid fare. While
The following guidelines are general ones. cery store—is also a refreshing treat
whole, unprocessed fruits, vegetables,
on a hot summer day.
1- to 4-Year-Olds 5- to 6-Year-Olds 7- to 12-Year-Olds 13- to 19-Year-Olds grains, and legumes should be chosen
• Fast Food. Burger King now offers
first, many of the foods children enjoy
a terrific veggie burger. Other food
Whole Grains, Breads, Cereals can be adapted to fit into a vegetarian
chains, such as Subway, also offer
menu. Here are some tips:
4 servings 6 servings 7 servings 10 servings vegetarian sandwiches, and Taco Bell
• Pizza. Try ordering pizza without makes a bean burrito (just ask them to
Vegetables the cheese, and pile on the veggies. If hold the cheese).
making pizza at home, top it off with
2 to 4 tbsp dark 1/4 cup dark green 1 serving dark 2 servings dark vegetarian meatballs or veggie pep- KEEPING KIDS MOVING
green vegetables vegetables green vegetables green vegetables
peroni. Fitness has four dimensions: car-
1/4 to 1/2 cup 1/4 to 1/2 cup 3 servings other 3 servings other
• Hamburgers and Hot Dogs. Both diovascular, strength, flexibility, and
other vegetables other vegetables vegetables vegetables
come in a wide variety of veggie ver- body composition. Activities that get
sions. You can microwave them, bake the heart pumping, such as running,
Legumes, Nuts, Seeds, Non-Dairy Milks
them, grill them, and top them with swimming, bicycling, aerobics, and
1/4 to 1/2 cup 1/2 to 1 cup 2 servings 3 servings everything you traditionally enjoy,
legumes legumes legumes legumes playing sports or outdoor neighbor-
even soy cheese. hood games, improve cardiovascular
3 servings breast- 3 servings soymilk 3 servings soymilk 2 to 3 servings
• Cold Cut Sandwiches. Even the fitness. Strength-training activities,
milk, formula, or or other non-dairy or other non-dairy soymilk or other
non-dairy milk milk milk non-dairy milk cold cut now has a non-meaty alterna- such as weightlifting, push-ups, and
tive. Try a slice of veggie ham, veggie sit-ups, as well as many daily tasks,
Fruits turkey, or veggie salami topped with such as digging in the garden, lifting
3/4 to lettuce and tomato and a thin layer boxes, carpentry work, and so forth,
1 1/2 cups 1 to 2 cups 3 servings 4 servings of mustard or vegan mayonnaise be- improve muscular development and
tween slices of whole-wheat bread. bone strength. Stretching, yoga, gym-
Be sure to include a source of vitamin B12, such as any typical
children’s multivitamin or vitamin-fortified cereals or soymilk. • Chicken Nuggets and Buffalo nastics, dancing, and martial arts all
Wings. Several companies, such as promote flexibility.
Health as Wealth, offer these tradi- A healthy body composition bal-
tional favorites in veggie form (look in ances muscle and other lean tissue
the frozen food section of the super- with an appropriate amount of fat tis-
market). Just add ketchup. sue for a child’s age and sex. Healthy
• Ice Cream. Soy ice cream is a ter- body compositions are achieved
rific non-dairy alternative that comes through a combination of an active
in a variety of styles and flavors. For lifestyle and a healthy menu of grains,
a twist, add frozen fruit and a little vegetables, legumes, and fruit.
soymilk to vanilla soy ice cream, and Find ways to incorporate fun physi-
6 NUTRITION FOR KIDS • PCRM NUTRITION FOR KIDS • PCRM 7
6. HEALTHY SNACKS a healthier lifestyle. The same LEARNING TO
healthy habits will benefit the rest EAT WELL
Young children have high calorie and nutrient needs but their of the family as well as the overweight
stomachs are small. Teenagers also often have high energy needs child. • Limit the quantities of highly pro-
combined with busy schedules. Keep delicious, healthy snack A “get-healthy” approach is a bet- cessed foods and sugary beverages
choices on hand both at home and in the lunchbox. ter choice than embarking on a low- (otherwise known as “empty-calorie”
calorie diet for achieving fitness and foods) and help children understand
SNACKING ON THE NEW FOUR FOOD GROUPS a healthy weight. The idea is to focus reasonable portion sizes. Under most
on what is being eaten, not so much circumstances, restricting the calorie
Whole Grains, Breads, Cereals on quantity. The healthiest diet avoids intake of children is not recommend-
Pita chips or whole-grain crackers, Cheerios, granola, whole-grain animal products completely and is ed. Children continue to grow and de-
cereal, popcorn (sprinkle with nutritional yeast), Luna or Clif bars built from grains, legumes, vegetables, velop into their early twenties, so they
and fruit. Plan menus using the New can’t afford to shortchange nutrients.
Vegetables Four Food Groups (see page 4). However, switching out the empty-
calorie foods with healthy options
Baby carrots, celery stalks (try with peanut butter and raisins), avo- ensures growing kids get everything
cado slices, salsa (try with pita chips) Healthy body they need—except the excess calories!
compositions • Children and adults can benefit
Legumes, Nuts, Seeds, Non-Dairy Milks
from learning to listen to their natural
Hummus (try on carrots or crackers), nut butters (put on bread are achieved hunger and fullness cues, rather than
or fruit), edamame (whole cooked soybeans), soy yogurt (sprinkle focusing on “cleaning their plates.”
with granola) through a Help children learn to pay attention to
natural internal signals to keep from
Fruits combination
overeating. If a child does not want to
Fortified orange juice, whole fruit, dried fruit, frozen grapes or of an active finish his or her meal now, the plate
banana slices can be wrapped and saved for when the
lifestyle and child is hungry later. Promising dessert
as a reward is best avoided as well, as it
cal activity into your family activities tivity level and diets based on meat, a healthy encourages overeating and makes less
daily. Kids need to be engaged in active dairy products, and high-calorie, low- menu of healthful foods seem special.
pursuits for at least an hour each day. nutrient density foods. The first step is • Teach children the value of good
assessing a family’s lifestyle by look- grains, nutrition. Parents, guardians, and
ALREADY OVER- ing at eating patterns and activities to teachers can work with children to-
WEIGHT CHILDREN determine what changes are needed to vegetables, ward an understanding that food is a
Just as with slim children, it is al- promote fitness and achieve a healthy fuel for health and fitness rather than
legumes,
ways the right time to adopt a healthy weight. The easiest and most effective a comfort, friend, enemy, or boredom
diet. Keep in mind that the two main method is for all members of the fam- and fruit. reliever. Reading books to children
contributors to overweight are low ac- ily to shift together—if possible—to that present nutrition in a fun and in-
8 NUTRITION FOR KIDS • PCRM NUTRITION FOR KIDS • PCRM 9
7. teresting manner is also a good edu- of the television and grade- • Pack a lunch. Bean and pasta sal-
cational method. school students watch for 29 ads, grilled tofu, burritos, and sand-
• Get kids engaged in the food hours each week. Add to this wiches make great lunches and are
procurement and preparation pro- the time spent playing video easy to pack. Last night’s leftovers are
cess. Gardening; picking berries, games, using the Internet, do- also a great, simple choice. Make sure
apples, or other produce at you-pick ing homework, and eating din- to include several healthy snacks.
farms; or visiting the local farmers mar- ner—and many kids spend a lot • Encourage your child to request
ket or fruit stand can spark an interest in of time sitting still. that low-fat, vegetarian entrées be
healthy foods. Invite them also to partici- • Encouraging children to adopt a placed on the lunch line. Demand
pate in menu planning, as well as cooking. healthy, vegetarian eating style and for these items will encourage the
Even very small children can help stir cold teaching them to enjoy being active food service to incorporate healthier
or room temperature items, or wash pro- are likely the most important lessons foods into their menu cycle.
duce, or pour ingredients. These simple children can learn for their long- • Parents can also volunteer their
experiential lessons will often go a long term health. time. Get involved with the PTA or
way to promoting healthy eating habits. Families can also put energy directly with the food service. Work
toward helping to improve “get with them to help them incorporate
FITTING IN FUN healthy” opportunities for children healthier foods. Some parents have
PHYSICAL ACTIVITIES in schools. Many schools are under even donated recipes or planned
financial pressure to downsize health healthy snack breaks in the class-
• Encourage children to play
and physical education programs, so room.
with other children and to do ac-
health-conscious families should sup-
tive things with family members. STAYING CLEAR OF
port school districts in their efforts
Most communities have locally
to promote wellness and physical THE “FOOD FIGHT”
organized activity programs after
education and to promote healthier Children learn very early that what
school, on the weekends, and during
lunches in the cafeteria. School lunch they eat is important to their parents,
the summer. Since gym class and team
programs are required to provide nu- and they often use this knowledge to
sports are not every child’s cup of tea, en-
tritious, low-cost meals to students; their advantage. Parents may sit for
couraging individual interests such as ice
parents and teachers can help school hours at the dinner table with their
skating, ballet dancing, or skateboarding
officials understand what options children until they finish their last
are important, too.
should be available for children. See asparagus spear. Food can be used
• It’s important for parents to talk with
www.HealthySchoolLunches.org for as a reward, a way to exert control,
children about their activity patterns.
more information. or a way to rebel. Rewarding kids for
Children should be active for at least
60 minutes on most days. Sedentary good grades or good behavior with
SURVIVING THE
activities, such as TV watching and sweets can set up internal conflicts
SCHOOL LUNCH LINE about food. This is especially true if
computer time, should be limited ex-
cept when homework requires it. It is Here are some suggestions the rewards are in opposition to cur-
estimated that, on average, U.S. pre- for improving the healthfulness rent goals for health or body image.
schoolers spend 23 hours a week in front of foods eaten in schools: If not dealt with early, these “food
10 NUTRITION FOR KIDS • PCRM NUTRITION FOR KIDS • PCRM 11
8. fights” may extend into adult life thing, calling Grandma or FOR MORE INFORMATION, PLEASE VISIT OUR WEB SITES:
as well. a friend, or engaging in
Finding a way to sidestep the physical activities. PCRM’s Healthy Kids PCRM’s Healthy School
Campaign site: Lunch Campaign site:
“food fight” is a priority. If a • Set clear divisions of re-
child is having trouble sticking sponsibility. If a “food fight” www.KidsGetHealthy.org www.HealthySchoolLunches.org
to healthful foods, the following develops, parents should define Our main site for general Our Strong Bones site for
strategies may be helpful. responsibilities around foods. The information about healthy information on building and
• Stock the kitchen with healthy parent is responsible for provid- eating and our campaigns: keeping healthy bones:
foods. Having plenty of fruits, veg- ing appropriate food choices. The www.pcrm.org www.StrongBones.org
etables, grains, and beans on hand child is responsible for choosing
and keeping unhealthful foods out what to eat among the choices of- The PCRM Marketplace Online for information on our book,
fered. Healthy Eating for Life for Children, John Wiley & Sons, 2002 at:
of the house are simple ways to
eliminate conflict over which type • Allow for healthy treats. Fresh- pcrm.safeshopper.com
of food to prepare or eat. fruit smoothies, a colorful cup of
• Focus on food as a fuel for berries in season, or a vegetable
health. Choosing a simple, health- dish prepared a favorite way can
all be special treats and prevent a When children REFERENCES
giving way of eating like the one
suggested in these pages and ex- family from feeling deprived. eat healthful foods 1. Vanhalla M. Childhood weight and metabolic syn-
drome in adults. Ann Med 1999;31:236-9.
plaining to children why it is im-
portant to eat this way will help
STICKING WITH IT and stay physically
2. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
CDC Surveillance Summaries, July 7, 2000. MMWR
2000;49 (No. SS-6).
them to appreciate and choose The ease with which kids transi-
tion into and stick with this healthy
active, their bodies 3. Neumark-Stainzer D, Rock CL, Thornquist MD,
healthful foods. Cheskin LJ, Neuhouser ML, Barnett MJ. Weight-con-
• Reduce the emphasis on food dietary pattern can be positively find their way to trol behaviors among adults and adolescents: associa-
tions with dietary intake. Prev Med 2000;30:381-91.
in daily life. When people solve influenced by a variety of factors.
problems by eating or congratu- Family support, in terms of pro- a healthy size 4. Neumark-Stainzer D, Hannan PJ. Weight-related
behaviors among adolescent girls and boys: results
viding healthy foods and setting a from a national survey. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med
late themselves with food, the im- and shape in a 2000;154:569-77.
portance of food has gotten out of good example, as well as education 5. Snowdon DA, Phillips RL. Does a vegetarian diet
control. Finding other solutions about nutrition, are key. If your pleasurable and reduce the occurrence of diabetes? Am J Publ Health
1985;75:507-12.
to problems, such as talking about children have convictions about
them, writing about them in a jour- the welfare of animals or reducing sustainable way. 6. Melby CL, Goldflies DG, Hyner GCL, Lyle RM.
Relations between vegetarian/non-vegetarian diets
nal, or taking a walk or a bike ride the impact on the environment and blood pressure in black and white adults. Am J
Publ Health 1989;79:1283-88.
to figure out possible steps to take, and/or have a clear understanding
7. Ornish D, Brown SE, Scherwitz LW, Billings JH,
are much healthier and more pro- of the health value of good eating et al. Can lifestyle changes reverse coronary heart
disease? The Lifestyle Heart Trial. Lancet 1990;336:
ductive. Families should become habits, they will be more likely 129-33.
accustomed to using non-food to make the switch easily and 8. Spock B, Parker SJ. Dr. Spock’s Baby and Child Care.
treats as rewards, such as a warm be able to maintain this diet, not 7th edition, Simon & Schuster, New York, NY, 1998.
conversation, reading, going to a only while away from home, but
movie or the park, making some- throughout their lives.
12 NUTRITION FOR KIDS • PCRM NUTRITION FOR KIDS • PCRM 13
9. (or larger) baking dish with baking parch-
RECIPES ment or foil.
These recipes and more are available on the PCRM Web site. • Scrub potatoes, but do not peel. Cut into
Please visit www.pcrm.org/health/recipes for more healthy options. fries or wedges. Place in a large bowl and
toss with oil, paprika, and salt.
Alphabet Soup (Makes about 2 quarts) garlic. Cook over medium high heat until
• Spread potatoes in a single layer in the
2 teaspoons olive oil onion is soft, about 5 minutes.
baking dish and bake until tender when
1 small onion, chopped • Add tomato juice, potato, carrot, celery, pierced with a fork, about 30 minutes.
2 garlic cloves, minced Italian herbs, and black pepper. Cover and Nutrition information per 1-cup serving: 130 calories; 2
1 quart tomato juice simmer until tender, about 20 minutes. g protein; 26 g carbohydrate; 2 g fat; 2 g fiber; 142 mg so-
dium; calories from protein: 7%; calories from carbohy-
1 small potato, scrubbed and cut into chunks • Add pasta, chopped greens, and kidney drates: 77%; calories from fats: 16%.
1 carrot, cut into chunks beans. Simmer until greens and pasta are
1 stalk celery, sliced, including top tender, about 15 minutes. Extra tomato juice Crispy Jicama Salad (Serves 6)
Missing Egg Sandwich
2 teaspoons Italian herbs or water may be added if a thinner soup is This salad is cool, crisp, and colorful.
1/8 teaspoon black pepper desired. (Makes 4 sandwiches)
1 medium jicama, diced (about 2 cups)
1/2 cup alphabet pasta or small pasta shells Nutrition information per 1-cup serving: 128 calories; 5 1/2 pound firm reduced-fat tofu, mashed
g protein; 25 g carbohydrate; 1.5 g fat; 6 g fiber; 203 mg 1 large carrot, peeled and cut into 1-inch
1 cup finely chopped spinach, kale, or 1 green onion, finely chopped, including
sodium; calories from protein: 16%; calories from carbo- strips
collard greens hydrates: 74%; calories from fats: 10%. green top
1 red bell pepper, cut into 1-inch strips
1 15-ounce can kidney beans, including 2 tablespoons pickle relish
1 small sweet onion, thinly sliced (½ cup)
liquid Apple Crisp (Serves 12) 2 tablespoons fat-free Nayonaise
2 tablespoons finely chopped cilantro
• Heat oil in a large pot and add onion and 2 teaspoons stone-ground mustard
4 large tart apples 3 tablespoons canned, reconstituted dry or
2 teaspoons soy sauce
3/4 cup sugar or other sweetener, divided homemade vegetable broth
1/4 teaspoon each: cumin, turmeric, garlic
1/2 cup flour, divided 2 tablespoons seasoned rice vinegar
powder
1 teaspoon cinnamon 1 tablespoons lime juice
12 slices whole-wheat bread
1 1/2 cups rolled oats 1 teaspoon stone ground mustard
6 lettuce leaves
1/3 cup non-dairy (soy) margarine 1/4 teaspoon salt
6 tomato slices
1/4 teaspoon crushed red pepper flakes
• Preheat the oven to 350°F.
• Combine all ingredients. Adjust season-
• Peel the apples, if desired, then core and • Combine the jicama, carrot, bell pepper,
ings if necessary. Serve on whole-wheat
slice them thinly. Toss with 1/2 cup sweet- onion, and cilantro in a salad bowl and toss
bread with lettuce and sliced tomatoes.
ener, 1 tablespoon flour, and cinnamon. to mix. In a small bowl, mix the remaining
Nutrition information per sandwich: 197 calories; 10 g
Spread evenly in a 9x13-inch baking dish. ingredients. Pour over the vegetables and protein; 29 g carbohydrate; 4 g fat; 271 mg sodium; 0 mg
toss to mix. cholesterol; calories from protein: 20%; calories from car-
• Mix the rolled oats with the remaining bohydrates: 62%; calories from fats: 18%.
Nutrition information per serving: 32 calories; 1 g protein;
flour and sweetener. Add the Spectrum 7 g carbohydrate; 0 g fat; 264 mg sodium; 0 mg cholesterol;
Naturals Spread or soy margarine and work calories from protein: 13%; calories from carbohydrates:
87%; calories from fats: 0%.
the mixture until it is uniformly crumbly.
Sprinkle evenly over the fruit.
• Bake for 45 minutes, until lightly browned. Oven Fries (Makes 4 1-cup servings)
Let stand 10 minutes before serving 2 russet potatoes (about 1 pound)
Nutrition information per serving (1/12th of crisp): 228 2 teaspoons olive oil
calories; 3 g protein; 46 g carbohydrate; 5 g fat; 4 g fiber;
300 mg sodium; calories from protein: 6%; calories from 1 teaspoon paprika
carbohydrates: 75%; calories from fats: 19%. 1/4 teaspoon salt
• Preheat oven to 450°F. Line a 9x13-inch
14 NUTRITION FOR KIDS • PCRM NUTRITION FOR KIDS • PCRM 15
