The document discusses the main parts and functions of the human brain. It describes the four main sections - cerebrum, cerebellum, diencephalon, and brain stem - and explains what each controls. It also discusses brain cavities containing cerebrospinal fluid, brain tumors, dementia like Alzheimer's disease, and some relevant medical terminology.

1. The Brain
Presentation 2
Cynthia Galvez
June 2012 Biology 120: Medical Terminology 1

2. The Brain
June 2012 Biology 120: Medical Terminology 2

3. What is a brain?
 Part of the Nervous System
 Coordinates most of the bodies activities
 One of the largest organs in the body
 Center of all though, memory, judgment, emotions
 Each part of the brain is responsible for controlling
different body functions
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4. Four Main Sections of the Brain
 Cerebrum
 Cerebellum
 Diencephalon
 Brain Stem
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5. Cerebrum
 Largest section of the brain
 Located in upper section
 Processes thoughts
 Judgments
 Memory
 Divided into left and right halves
 Cerebral hemisphere
 4 lobes in each hemisphere
1. Frontal Lobe: controls motor function, personality, speech
2. Parietal Lobe: explains language, analyzes nerve impulses
3. Occipital Lobe: Vision
4. Temporal Lobe: Hearing, smell
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6. Cerebellum
 2nd largest section of the brain
 Coordinates body movement
 Maintains equilibrium
 Maintains Balance
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7. Diencephalon
 Located bellow the cerebrum
 Thalamus
 Composed of gray matter
 Center for transmitting impulses from eyes, ears and skin to
cerebrum
 Controls pain
 Hypothalamus
 Controls systems
 Autonomic nervous system
 Cardiovascular system
 Digestive system
 Release hormones from pituitary gland
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8. Brain Stem
 3 components
 Midbrain
 Connects brain impulses and spinal cord
 Pons
 Connects cerebellum and brain
 Medulla oblongata
 Connects brain to spinal cord
 Controls respiration, heart rate, temperature and
blood pressure
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9. Brain Cavities
 Four cavities known as ventricles
 Ventricles contains Cerebrospinal fluid
 A protection fluid that prevents shock or movement to brain
and spinal cord
 Locations
 Right hemisphere
 Left hemisphere
 Thalamus
 Front Cerebellum
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10. Brain Tumor
 What is a Brain Tumor?
 An intracranial mass,
 Either benign or malignant
 Benign Tumor
 Can be fatal; causes pressure on normal brain tissue
 MalignantTumor
 Cancerous
 Generally progressive and recurring
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11. Dementia
 Progressive loss of cognitive ability
 Impairment on performing daily activities
 Common in the elderly
 Symptoms present for over 6 months
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12. Alzheimer Disease
 Form of dementia
 No cure
 Chronic mental disorder
 Loss of memory, disorientation
 Symptoms get worse with time
 Occurs in people age 40-65
 Earlier than age 40, early-onset Alzheimer Disease
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13. Medical Terminology
 Neur/o – pertaining to nervous system
 Neurology-study of nervous system
 Neurologist- someone who studies nervous
system
 Neuroma- swelling of brain, cancerous tumor in
brain
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14. References
 Fremgen, Bonnie F., and Suzanne S. Frucht.
Medical Terminology: A Living Language.
Upper Saddle River, NJ: Pearson Prentice
Hall, 2009. Print.
 Rosenberg, Robin S., and Stephen M.
Kosslyn. Abnormal Psychology. 1st ed.
Worth Publishers, 2011. Print.
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