1. How
stereotyped
are
four
humpback
whale
calls?
An
inves:ga:on
using
acous:c
tags
from
Los
Cabos,
Mexico
Brooke
Hawkins;
Kerri
Seger,
M.S.;
Aaron
Thode,
PhD
(Scripps
Ins:tu:on
of
Oceanography)
METHODS
B-­‐Probe
(Greeneridge
Sciences,
Inc.)
P.
Mar:nez-­‐Loustalot
P.
Mar:nez-­‐Loustalot
TAGGING
Sampling
Rate:
6250
Hz
Date:
March
7,
2014
Total
Time
on
Whale:
1
hr,
25
min
Panga:
Yubarta
Tagger:
Esther
Jimenez
Also
Sampled:
pressure;
pitch,
yaw,
and
roll
of
whales;
temperature
SNR
(dB)
How
“loud”
a
call
is
over
the
background
noise.
Max.
Frequency
(Hz)
Min.
Frequency
(Hz)
Dura:on
(seconds)
RESULTS
Ulysses
Socware
(A.
Thode
&
J.
Sarkar)
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
Kerri
Seger,
M.S.
Dr.
Aaron
Thode
Dr.
Jit
Sarkar
Dr.
Jorge
Urban
R.
M.
Esther
Jiménez-­‐López,
M.S.
Dr.
Lisa
Balance
Pamela
Margnez-­‐Loustalot,
M.S.
Diana
López-­‐Arzate
Juan
Carlos
Salinas-­‐Vargas,
M.S.
Dr.
Hiram
Rosalez-­‐Nanduca
Carlos
Alberto,
M.S.
The
Ocean
Founda:on
World
Wildlife
Fund
TelCel
Greeneridge
Sciences,
Inc.
REFERENCES
Dunlop
RA,
Noad
MJ,
Cato
DH,
&
Stokes
D.
2007.
The
social
vocaliza:on
repertoire
of
east
Australian
migra:ng
humpback
whales
(Megaptera
novaengliae).
J.
Acoust.
Soc.
Am.,
122(5).
2893-­‐2905.
Payne
RS,
McVay
S.
1971.
Songs
of
Humpback
Whales.
Science,
173(3997).
585-­‐597.
means
of
max
&
min
frequencies
standard
devia=ons
of
max
&
min
frequencies
median
lower
limit
of
min
frequency
1st
quar=le
of
min
frequency
3rd
quar=le
of
min
frequency
upper
limit
of
min
frequency
lower
limit
of
max
frequency
1st
quar=le
of
max
frequency
3rd
quar=le
of
max
frequency
upper
limit
of
max
frequency
* Calcula:ons
based
on
calls
with
posi:ve
SNR
values
Most
Variable
Least
Variable
CONCLUSIONS
• Least
Stereotyped
Calls:
- Ascending
Moan
based
on
frequency
modula:on
and
dura:on
- Descending
Moan
based
on
SNR+
• Most
Stereotyped
Call:
- Short
Moan
based
on
frequency
modula:on,
dura:on,
and
SNR
FUTURE
RESEARCH
• What
would
create
more
varia:on?
• What
would
create
less
varia:on?
• What
would
we
expect…
- From
compe::on
pods?
- From
escort/mother/calf
groupings?
• How
does
the
acous:c
structure
of
calls
in
other
breeding
popula:ons
differ?
How
is
it
similar?
• Is
the
Hz
difference
between
harmonics
a
robust
measure?
Humpback
whales
produce
complex
songs,
which
have
been
studied
for
over
40
years
(Payne
&
McVay,
1971).
They
also
use
many
complex
social
calls
(Dunlop,
2007).
The
purpose
of
this
study
is
to
determine
the
amount
of
variance
in
the
acous:c
structure
of
four
humpback
whale
social
calls
produced
by
a
mother-­‐calf
pair
from
the
Los
Cabos,
Mexico
breeding
popula:on.
INTRODUCTION
+
SNR
IS
LEAST
CONCLUSIVE
• Source
level
change
• Animal
movement
• Change
in
ambient
noise
masking
SNR
and
Dura=on
Calcula=ons*
Dura8on
(s)
Signal
SNR
(dB
rms)
Dura8on
(s)
Signal
SNR
(dB
rms)
Dura8on
(s)
Signal
SNR
(dB
rms)
Dura8on
(s)
Signal
SNR
(dB
rms)
Mean
1.282
3.153
1.236
3.788
0.99398
4.691
1.196
4.88
Standard
Devia8on
0.4119
2.872
0.3244
4.409
0.28695
2.248
0.2947
3.498
Range
Upper
Limit
2.304
11.08
2.267
25.03
1.486
8.356
1.686
16.49
Range
Lower
Limit
0.5782
0.08369
0.5717
0.05109
0.5846
0.7799
0.5011
0.6964
Median
1.272
2.219
1.181
2.413
1.053
4.841
1.185
3.886
1st
Quar8le
0.9476
0.9626
1.04
1.038
0.7043
2.935
1.061
2.628
3rd
Quar8le
1.525
3.974
1.421
4.711
1.195
6.467
1.431
7.075
Interquar8le
Range
0.577
3.0116
0.3819
3.674
0.4907
3.532
0.3703
4.447
Los
Cabos
LOCATION
Humpback
whales
were
tagged
between
The
Arch
and
Cerro
Colorados,
then
tracked
un:l
the
acous:c
tag
fell
off.
Cerro
Colorados
The
Arch