People's knowledge and attitudes towards COVID-19 play a crucial role in determining their readiness to accept behavioral changes recommended by health authorities. A study was conducted at Hospital Kudat to determine the knowledge levels and attitudes towards COVID-19 among patients. The study utilized a cross-sectional online survey of 101 patients between February 1st and 10th, 2023. The survey included demographic questions (Part A) and three checklists: knowledge, attitudes, and practices related to COVID-19 (Part B), and government control measures (Part C). The survey was administered using Google Forms as the survey instrument.

1. PROJECT TITLE: THE STUDY OF KNOWLEDGE AND ATTITUDES ABOUT
COVID 19 AMONG PATIENTS IN HOSPITAL KUDAT.
PLACEMENT: HOSPITAL KUDAT

2. ABSTRACT
People's knowledge and attitudes towards COVID-19 play a crucial role in
determining their readiness to accept behavioral changes
recommended by health authorities. A study was conducted at Hospital
Kudat to determine the knowledge levels and attitudes towards COVID-19
among patients. The study utilized a cross-sectional online survey of 101
patients between February 1st and 10th, 2023. The survey included
demographic questions (Part A) and three checklists: knowledge,
attitudes, and practices related to COVID-19 (Part B), and government
control measures (Part C). The survey was administered using Google
Forms as the survey instrument.

3. NO. CONTENTS
1. Acknowledgment
2. Introduction
Background of study
Justification
Objectives
Hypothesis
Literature Review
3. Methodology
4. Results
5. Conclusion
Overall Conclusion/Research implication
Recommendation for future research
6. References

4. Introduction
• The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) appeared in
the end of 2019 in Wuhan, China. Since then, it has
spread to 200 nations.
• Three Chinese visitors contracted COVID-19 in Malaysia
for the first time on January 25, 2020, marking the
outbreak's beginning.
• As fast human-to-human transmission was seen and a
significant amount of information about the virus
remained unknown, it was believed that lockdown
measures were essential to halt the infection's spread.

5. Introduction
• Knowledge and attitudes about COVID-19 play a crucial
role in deciding whether or not a society is prepared to
adopt behavioral change interventions from health
authorities.

6. Background study
Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) emerged in Wuhan,
China in December 2019 and quickly spread worldwide,
resulting in a global pandemic.
I. Global Impact of COVID-19
II. COVID-19 Outbreak in Malaysia
III. Implementation of the Movement Control Order (MCO)

7. Justification
 People's knowledge, attitudes, and behaviors towards a
disease are important for accepting behavioral
changes.
 This study focuses on understanding the community's
knowledge, attitudes, and practices related to COVID-
19.

8. Objective
a) To determine the source of the community knowledge
on covid 19
b) To determine the level of community knowledge of
covid-19
c) To assess the community personnel safe-care
practices during covid 19.
d) To assess the community attitudes towards the
government effort in controlling covid-19

9. Hypothesis
The findings highlight the importance of consistent
messaging from health authorities and the government,
as well as the need for individualized health education
programs to increase levels of knowledge, attitudes, and
behaviours.

10. Hypothesis
Hence,
i. Hypothesis I; Ho I the respondent has good
knowledge about covid 19
ii. Hypothesis II; Ho II The respondent that have
their information about covid 19 from the
government have good knowledge.

11. Hypothesis
iii. Hypothesis III; Ho III The respondent practices
personnel self-care to control covid 19. Knowledge about
covid 19 does create awareness in the community in
practising personnel self-care.
iv. Hypothesis IV; Ho IV a) The community are positives
towards the government effort in controlling covid. Ho IV
b) The level of community knowledge is related to their
confidence in the government in controlling covid 19

12. Literature review
• According to a study conducted in Malaysia by Azlan et al.
(2020), the majority of participants understood the need for
immediate isolation of individuals who have come into
contact with an infected person.
• Only a small percentage correctly identified that the virus
can be airborne, and even fewer knew that feeding and
touching wild animals could lead to infection.
• Despite these knowledge gaps, most participants believed
that COVID-19 could be successfully contained.

13. Literature review
• Interestingly, confidence in Malaysia's ability to combat
COVID-19 was not significantly related to participants'
knowledge scores.

14. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Research instrument
We use Google
Forms as our
method to collect
data
Research location
The Study was
carried out at
Hospital Kudat
Research population
Collected randomly
choose in weekly
basis
Number of samples
Total samples of
our project is one
hundred one

15. RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
• Data was collected from patients through a Google Form for this
study.
• The data was organized into tables and graphs for clear
presentation.
• The data will be analyzed and used to draw conclusions and make
relevant suggestions.
The type of sampling used is simple random sampling

16. RESULTS
o The study collected results from a questionnaire distributed to 101
respondents.
o The questionnaire had three parts: Part A gathered demographic
information, Part B assessed knowledge, attitudes, and practices
towards COVID-19, and Part C focused on people's assessment of
government control measures for COVID-19.

17. RESULTS
• The study included 101 participants, with
an average age of 21 years old (range 18
to 25).
• The majority of participants were in their
20s (41.2%, n=42/101), followed by those in
their 40s (22.88%, n=23/101), 30s (18.8%,
n=19/101), and smaller proportions in
other age groups.
Part A: demographic

18. RESULTS
• In the survey with 101 respondents, the
majority (90%) obtained information
about COVID-19 from government
sources, including official websites
and press conferences.
• Only a small portion (10%) relied on
non-governmental sources, such as
social media and independent
experts.
Part A
Part A: demographic

19. RESULTS
• Out of 101 respondents, the majority obtained
information from social media (92), followed
by television (43) and radio (28). A small
number of respondents obtained information
from other platforms (4).
• The mean value for the data is 2.34
(Meanmedium = 2.34).
• The standard deviation for the data is 0.89.
Part A
Part A: demographic

20. RESULTS
Part B: assessed knowledge, attitudes, and practices towards COVID-19
Questions Im not sure False Correct answer
The primary clinical manifestations of COVID-
19 include fever, fatigue, dry cough, and body
aches.
0/101 0/101 101/101
(100%)
Consuming or coming into contact with wild
animals would result in infection with the
COVID-19 virus.
19/101 (18.8%) 15/101 (14.9%) 67/101
(66%)
In people infected with the COVID-19 virus,
stuffy nose, runny nose, and sneezing are less
likely than with the typical cold.
17/101 (16.8%) 25/101 (24.8%) 59/101
(58.9%)
Those with COVID-19 who do not have a fever
cannot transmit the virus to others.
9/101 (8.9%) 7/101 (6.9%) 85/101
(84.5%)
To prevent infection with the COVID-19 virus,
persons should avoid crowded settings
including community transportation.
0/101 0/101 101
(100%)
People must wear face masks to avoid
contracting the COVID-19 virus.
0/101 0/101 100/101
(100%)

21. RESULTS
Part C: people's assessment of government control measures for COVID-19
Questionnaires I’m not sure Disagree Agree Yes No
"The Malaysian government effectively
manages the covid19 health crisis?
13/101
(13%)
7/101
(7%)
80/101 (80%)
"Do you have faith in the Malaysian
government's capability to battle covid
19?
- 87/101
(86.1%)
14/101
(13.99%)
"Do you concur that COVID-19 has been
effectively managed?
25/101 (24.8%) 7/101 (6.9%) 69/101 (68.3%)
"Do you agree that vaccination can
prevent the spread of COVID-19?
14/101 (13.9%) 23/101 (22.8%) 64/101 (63.4%)
"Are you sure in the efficacy of the
vaccine you injected yourself with?
73/101
(72.3%)
28/101
(27.8%)

22. Relation between source of knowledges against level of knowledges
0
3
98
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
0 UNTIL 6 7 UNTIL 12 13 UNTIL 18
Knowledge of respondents toward covid-19
• The table shows respondents' knowledge levels about COVID-19.
• Good knowledge is indicated by a range of 13 to 18 on our questionnaire, medium
knowledge is 7 to 12, and low knowledge is 0 to 6.
• Out of 101 respondents, 98 had good knowledge and 3 had medium knowledge.
• The graph supports the conclusion that the majority of respondents have good
knowledge, confirming hypothesis 1.
• - The mean knowledge score is 16.68, and the standard deviation is 1.4.

23. Correlation between two variables; source of knowledges against level of
knowledges
• Correlation tests were conducted to examine the relationship between the source of
knowledge and the level of knowledge.
• The correlation value obtained was r=-0.0667, indicating a weak correlation between the
source and level of knowledge.
• The respondents were divided into two groups: 90 out of 101 obtained information from the
government, and 11 from non-government sources.
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20
Source
of
knowledges
Level of knowledges
The corellation between the source versus the level of knowledges

24. Correlation between two variables; source of knowledges against level of
knowledges
• Both groups showed good knowledge about COVID-19, suggesting that the level of
knowledge is not influenced by the information source. Hypothesis II can be rejected.
0
0.5
1
1.5
2
2.5
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20
Source
of
knowledges
Level of knowledges
The corellation between the source versus the level of knowledges

25. correlation between two variables; Personal self-care practices against
knowledges
• Based on the data analysis, the majority of respondents (100 out of 101) have a
high score and practice self-care to protect themselves from COVID-19.
• Only one respondent received an average score, indicating that all
respondents are practicing self-care.
• The correlation value (r) is 0.19, which indicates a positive association between
knowledge about COVID-19 and self-care practices.
1 UNTIL 2 3 UNTIL 4 5 UNTIL 6
TOTAL 0 1 100
0 1
100
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
Total
of
repondents
Score
Personal self care practices

26. correlation between two variables; Personal self-care practices against
knowledges
• The higher the value of r, the stronger the correlation. In this case, the positive
relationship suggests that knowledgeable respondents are more likely to
practice self-care.
• Hypothesis III is accepted, indicating that there is a significant and positive
relationship between knowledge about COVID-19 and personnel self-care
practices.
1 UNTIL 2 3 UNTIL 4 5 UNTIL 6
TOTAL 0 1 100
0 1
100
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
Total
of
repondents
Score
Personal self care practices

27. Correlation between two variables; attitudes towards the government effort in controlling
covid-19
• Based on the data analysis, 85 respondents (84%) had a positive attitude towards the
government's efforts in controlling COVID-19, while 16 (16%) had a negative attitude.
• The majority of respondents had a positive attitude towards the government's efforts, confirming
hypothesis IV.
• However, when examining the correlation between knowledge levels and attitudes towards
government efforts, the correlation value (r) was -0.04. A negative correlation suggests that as
knowledge levels increase, attitudes towards government efforts may become less positive.
16, 16%
85, 84%
COMUNITY ATITUDE TOWARDS
COVID 19
0 UNTIL 7 NEGATIVE 8 UNTIL 15 POSITIVE
MARKS ATITUDE TOTAL
0 UNTIL 7 NEGATIVE 16
8 UNTIL 15 POSITIVE 85

28. Correlation between two variables; attitudes towards the government effort in controlling
covid-19
• The weak correlation (r = -0.04) indicates that knowledge levels have a minor
influence on attitudes, and the data shows a wide spread (STDEV=2.6).
• Therefore, it can be concluded that there is a weak correlation between
knowledge levels and attitudes towards the government's efforts in controlling
COVID-19. However, the level of knowledge does not significantly impact the
positivity of the community towards the government's efforts (hypothesis IVb is
rejected).
16, 16%
85, 84%
COMUNITY ATITUDE TOWARDS
COVID 19
0 UNTIL 7 NEGATIVE 8 UNTIL 15 POSITIVE
MARKS ATITUDE TOTAL
0 UNTIL 7 NEGATIVE 16
8 UNTIL 15 POSITIVE 85

29. DISCUSSION
• Patients in Hospital Kudat have a good level of knowledge
about COVID-19, with an average knowledge score of 16.68.
• However, there is some variability in knowledge scores,
indicating that some patients have lower levels of knowledge.
1. Knowledge about covid 19

30. DISCUSSION
• Malaysians, on average, have a overall correct rate of 80.5%.
• The correct rates for COVID-19 knowledge varied widely among
participants, suggesting that while some individuals had high
knowledge levels, others did not.
1. Knowledge about covid 19

31. DISCUSSION
• The majority of study participants expressed positive attitudes towards
COVID-19 management.
• About 80% of participants believed that COVID-19 control would be
successful.
• Approximately 90% of participants had confidence in Malaysia's ability to
overcome the virus and praised the government's handling of the crisis.
2. The community attitudes towards the government effort in controlling covid-19

32. DISCUSSION
• Based on our study, 86.1% of respondents (87 out of 101 participants) had
faith in the Malaysian government's ability to combat COVID-19.
• However, it's important to note that the study's sample size is limited to
101 participants and may not represent the entire population of Malaysia.
Caution should be taken when generalizing these findings.
2. The community attitudes towards the government effort in controlling covid-19

33. DISCUSSION
• The study used a convenience sampling method, which may introduce
bias as underprivileged populations might not have been included.
• COVID-19 infection rates vary across countries, with some experiencing
decreasing rates and others reporting no new infections.
3. The limitations of the study

34. DISCUSSION
• Age plays a role in understanding and seeking information
about preventing COVID-19 transmission.
• The elderly population, who are more vulnerable to the virus,
may not have sufficient access to information.
3. The limitations of the study

35. DISCUSSION
• Younger individuals have easier access to information and are more likely
to have a better understanding of COVID-19 prevention measures.
• However, the study had a higher proportion of respondents in the 50 to 70
age range, which may limit the generalizability of the findings and is a
potential weakness of the research.
3. The limitations of the study

36. CONCLUSION
The findings indicate that patients in the hospital have a
satisfactory level of knowledge and are positive about
overcoming the pandemic
Consistent messaging from the government and health
authorities is crucial for improving public knowledge and
understanding of COVID-19
The study investigated the knowledge, attitudes, and
practices of patients in Hospital Kudat regarding COVID-19.

37. CONCLUSION
Specific health education programs may be beneficial for
certain population groups to enhance their knowledge and
practices related to COVID-19..

38. Overall conclusion/research implication
• The COVID-19 pandemic has led to the spread of misinformation, known as
an "infodemic," which poses a significant public health challenge.
• Social media platforms, like Facebook and Twitter, play a role in amplifying
false or misleading information.
• Misinformation on these platforms can impact the transmission and severity
of the pandemic.

39. Overall conclusion/research implication
• While misinformation exists, it represents a small portion of overall
discussions, and exposure to it doesn't automatically lead to belief in it.
• Further research is needed to understand the extent and consequences of
COVID-19 misinformation on social media.
• Efforts have been made by platforms to combat misinformation, but
criticism remains regarding the persistence of false information on
prominent pages and groups.
• The influence of misinformation on people's knowledge and attitudes is still
an open question.

40. Recommendation for future research
1. Further research is needed to understand the knowledge and attitudes of
patients who are involved in research, including those who may be initially
skeptical or neutral.
2. Methodological improvements are necessary to effectively measure the
impact and outcomes of knowledge and attitudes in research, including
economic analysis and exploring the role of patients in research.
3. Qualitative studies should be conducted to capture the experiences and
perspectives of patients who have had mixed or negative experiences with
research involvement, as they may be less likely to participate.
4. The issue of payment for public involvement in research is still debated.
Exploring the value and effectiveness of payment in enhancing involvement
and impact on research is necessary.

41. Reference
Journals
I. Azlan AA, Hamzah MR, Sern TJ, Ayub SH, Mohamad E (2020) Community knowledge,
attitudes and practices towards COVID-19: A cross-sectional study in Malaysia.
II.NeJhaddadgar N, Pirani N, Heydarian N, Ebadi Fard Azar AA, Yazdi F, Toghroli R,
Chaboksavar F, Shalchi Oghli S, Kianipour N, Zokaei A, Foroughinia A. Knowledge,
attitude, and practice toward the COVID-19 infection among adults Iran
III.Rabbani MG, Akter O, Hasan MZ, Samad N, Mahmood SS, Joarder T
COVID-19 Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practices Among People in Bangladesh

42. Reference
I. Twinamasiko N, Olum R, Gwokyalya AM, Nakityo I, Wasswa E, Sserunjogi E. Assessing
Knowledge, Attitudes and Practices Towards COVID-19 Public Health Preventive
Measures Among Patients at Mulago National Referral Hospital.
II.Puwaneswarry M, and Nathratul Ayeshah Z, and Gaaitheri K, and Lim, KQ and Wong,
YH and Tang, SL and Ng, Chong Guan (2020) Development of knowledge, attitudes, and
practices (KAP) towards COVID-19 pandemic in Malaysia. Medicine & Health,

43. Reference
Internet
I. Srichan, P., Apidechkul, T., Tamornpark, R., Yeemard, F., Khunthason, S.,
Kitchanapaiboon, S., ... & Tangcharoensathien, V. (2020). Knowledge, Attitude, and
Practice Toward the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19): A Cross-Sectional Study in
Thailand. Frontiers in Public Health, 8, 217. Retrieved from
https://www.frontiersin.org/articles/10.3389/fpubh.2020.00217/full

44. A WARM
THANK YOU
TO ALL OF YOU!