Bio-drainage may be defined as “pumping of excess soil water using bio-energy through deep-rooted vegetation with a high rate of transpiration". It consists of AbsorptionTranslocation and Transpiration.

1. Bio-drainage: A tool to manage waterlogged land.
Power Point Presentation Submitted in The Coarse
AGR-515: Management of Problem
By
Mr. Biswajit Dey (20412AEN001)
M.Tech. (Ag.) Agricultural Engg. (S&WC)
2nd FEBRUARY, 2021
Banaras Hindu University
Institute of Agricultural Sciences
Department of Farm Engineering

2. CONTENTS
2
• Why Drainage ?.
• Drainage.
• Why Alternate option?
• Bio- Drainage
• Possible Bio drainage Systems
• Factors to be considered before Planning & Design
for Bio drainage Plantation
• Benefits/Advantages of Bio drainage
• Constraints of Bio drainage
• Conclusion
• Reference

3. Why DRAINAGE ?
pools formatiom watertable rise before rainfall/irrigation watertable rise after rainfall/irrigation
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Raised
Water
table

4. DRAINAGE
DRAINAGE
The removal of excess
water either from the
ground surface or from the
rootzone, is called
drainage.
Natural
• Due to natural slope.
• Inadequate
Artificial
• land grading
• Required
subsurface drainage.
• rootzone
• deep open drains.
• buried pipe drains
Open
According to Function
According to Construction
Vertical drainage
• Pumping from well
network.
Tile Drain
Mole
Drain
Seepage Cum
Surface
Seepage
surface drainage
• surface of the land
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5. Why Alternate
option?
• Expensive measure.
• Poor quality subsurface drainage effluent
• Require gravity outlet.
• Operation and maintenance are required regularly.
• Requirement of energy for operation.
• Salt Accumulation
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6. Bio- Drainage
• Bio-drainage may be defined as “pumping of excess soil water using bio-energy through
deep-rooted vegetation with high rate of transpiration” (Central Soil Salinity Research Institute, Karnal).
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7. Bio- Drainage
Contd…
Possible Bio drainage Systems
• Bio-drainage systems may be established under
both rainfed and irrigated conditions
• In a rainfed land, the plant roots loosen the soil and
enhance groundwater recharge capacity.
• The roots also draw a part of subsurface flow to
reduce water load in the downstream.
• It is useful when there is a perched water table and
the water cannot easily move down due to the
presence of impermeable layer below.
• Recharge planting and slope break planting may be
adopted in the above situations.
• In irrigated and low lands, which are prone to
become waterlogged, the discharge planting
method is useful.
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8. Bio- Drainage
Contd…
Factors to be considered before Planning & Design for Bio drainage
Plantation
• Water balance
• Area under plantation for water balance
• Salt tolerance
• Drawdown of water table
• Economic aspects
• Social Acceptance
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9. Bio- Drainage
Contd…
Benefits/Advantages of Bio drainage
• bio drainage is relatively less costly and affordable.
• no maintenance after initial establishment.
• Salt tolerance.
• Ecologically safe.
• Preventive as well as curative.
• Increase in worth with age.
• Provides recreational areas and green open spaces, supporting beekeeping (Hadas 2001).
• Moderates the temperature.
• Mitigates green house gases.
• wind break and protects crops.
• food, fodder, timber, fuel wood and other valuable products (Extra income).
• Reduces erosion.
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10. Bio- Drainage
Contd…
Constraints of Bio drainage
• Requires extra land.
• Requires irrigation in initial stage.
• may not be effective in the early growth stages
• Compète for light, moisture, nutrient with agri
crops
• increased activity of the wild animals.
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Eucalyptus Acacia catechu Prosopis juliflora
Bio- Drainage
Contd…

12. Conclusion
• To solve the twin problem of waterlogging and secondary salinization caused due to
agricultural development and use of irrigation increasingly demands the bio drainage
plantation of trees and salt-tolerant crops.
• Bio-Drainage is an alternate option for cost and environmental issues involved in using
the conventional drainage technologies.
• Plantation of suitable salt tolerant deep rooted fast-growing trees with high transpiration
rates provides benefits in terms of reclamation of waterlogged area, controlling of water
table, improving crop productivity, providing shelter belts, provide additional wood and
forest products, and biodiversity.
• Apart from advantages, bio drainage has its own limitations 12

13. Reference
• Bio-drainage for Management of Waterlogging and Soil Salinity, Gurbachan Singh and K. Lal
• Soil and Crop Management Practices to Minimize the Impact of Waterlogging on Crop Productivity, S.
M. Nuruzzaman Manik et al.
• Bio-Drainage: An Alternate Drainage Technique to Control Waterlogging and Salinity, Ch JyotiPrava Dash et
al.
• http://www.fao.org/3/y3796e/y3796e07.htm
• https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tHrQ8jG1xLI&ab_channel=NpsNain
• https://fertsmart.dairyingfortomorrow.com.au/wp-content/uploads/2013/05/Figure-7.8.png
• http://ecoursesonline.iasri.res.in/mod/page/view.php?id=124536
• https://www.slideshare.net/namithamadhu9/land-drainage-classifications-steady-and-unsteady-state-equations
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