This document provides definitions and summaries of different types of databases: - It defines databases, data, and database management systems. It also defines flat file databases, relational databases, document-oriented databases, embedded databases, hypertext databases, operational databases, and distributed databases. - Relational databases organize data into formally described tables that can be accessed in many ways without reorganizing tables. Document databases are designed for storing and managing document-oriented information. Embedded databases are integrated with application software. Operational databases contain reference and event data for transaction systems. Distributed databases consist of data files located across network sites.

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Database and Database
System

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baabtra as a part of mentoring program. This is not official
document of baabtra –Mentoring Partner
Baabtra-Mentoring Partner is the mentoring division of baabte System Technologies Pvt . Ltd

4. CONTENTS
1. Basic definitions
2. Types of Databases
3. Flat file Databases
4. Relational Databases
5. Document-Oriented Databases
6. Embedded Database
7. Hypertext Database
8. Operational Database
9. Distributed Database

5. Basic Definitions
• Database : A collection of related data.
• Data : Known facts that can be recorded and have an
implicit meaning.
• Database Management System(DBMS) : A
software package/system to facilitate the creation and
maintenance of computerized database.
(cont.)

6. Database Management System ,
– defines(data types, structures, constraints)
– construct(storing data on some storage medium
controlled by DBMS)
– Manipulate(querying, update, report generation)
database for various application.
• Database system : The DBMS software
together with the data itself. Sometimes,
applications are also included.

7. Types of Databases
• Flat file databases
• Relational databases
• Document-oriented database
• Embedded database
• Hypertext database
• Operational database
• Distributed database

8. Flat File Database
• A relatively simple database in which each database
is contained inside a single table.

9. Relational Database
• A relational database is a collection of data items
organized as a formally described tables from which
data can be accessed or reassembled in many ways
without having to reorganize the database tables. The
relational database was invented by E.F. Codd at IBM
in 1970

11. Relational Database cntd.
Advantages Disadvantages
Ease of use Performance
Flexibility Developer Expertise
Data independence Hardware performance

12. Document-Oriented Database
• Designed for storing, retrieving and managing document-
oriented information.
• NoSQL database.

13. Document-Oriented database cntd.
Advantages Disadvantages
Documents are independent units Does not support transactional
operations.
Easier to write Space is too large
Unstructured data can be easily stored No mature maintenance tools for
development and IT operations are
noteworthy

14. Embedded Database
• Integrated with an application software.
• Database system is “hidden”

15. Hypertext database
• Particularly useful for organize desperate data.
• Eg : Wikipedia

16. Operational Database
• Operational Database is the database-of-record,
consisting of system-specific reference data and event
data belonging to a transaction-update system. It may
also contain system control data such as indicators,
flags, and counters.
• The operational database is the source of data for the
data warehouse.

17. Operational Database

18. Distributed database
• A database that consist of two or more data files
located at different sites on a computer network.
• Different users can acces files without interfering
each other.

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