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Magic of Science
ବିଜ୍ଞାନର ଯାଦୁ
Atoms, molecules-
matters
ପରମାଣୁ, ଅଣୁ- ପଦାର୍ଥ
ବସନ୍ତ କୁମାର ପରିଡା
Basanta Kumar Parida
IPR Gandhinagar Gujarat
9-Oct-20
Magic of Science/ ବସନ୍ତ କୁମାର
ପରିଡା/ Basanta Kumar Parida 2
9-Oct-20
3
Magic of Science/ ବସନ୍ତ କୁମାର ପରିଡା/ Basanta Kumar Parida
9-Oct-20
4
Magic of Science/ ବସନ୍ତ କୁମାର ପରିଡା/ Basanta Kumar Parida
9-Oct-20
5
Magic of Science/ ବସନ୍ତ କୁମାର ପରିଡା/ Basanta Kumar Parida
What is a Molecule?
A molecule is in general a group of two or
more atoms that are chemically bonded
together, that is, tightly held together by
attractive forces. A molecule can be defined
as the smallest particle of an element or a
compound that is capable of an independent
existence and shows all the properties of that
substance. Atoms of the same element or of
different elements can join together to form
molecules.
ଅଣୁ କ’ଣ?
ଅଣୁ ହେଉଛି ହମୌଳିକ କିମବା ହଯୌଗିକର କ୍ଷୁଦ୍ରତମ କଣିକା
ଯାୋ ସ୍ୱାଧୀନ ଭାବହର ରେିବାକୁ ସମର୍ଥ | ହମୌଳିକ ଅଣୁ
ସମଜାତୀୟ ପରମାଣୁହର ଗଠିତ , ହଯୌଗିକର ଅଣୁ ଏକାଧିକ
ଅସମଜାତୀୟ ପରମାଣୁ କୁ ହନଇ ଗଠିତ
Molecules are represented by formulae
ଅଣୁଗୁଡିକ ସଂହକତ ଦ୍ୱାରା ପ୍ରକାଶ କରାଯାଏ
9-Oct-20 Magic of Science/ ବସନ୍ତ କୁମାର ପରିଡା/ Basanta Kumar Parida
6
hydrogen chloride
H+Cl→ 𝐻𝐶𝑙
ହାଇଡ୍ରାଡ୍େନ୍ ଡ୍୍ଲାରାଇାଇ
aluminium oxide
Al+OAl2O3
ଆଲୁ ମିନିୟମ୍ ଅକ୍ସାଇ
9-Oct-20
7
Magic of Science/ ବସନ୍ତ କୁମାର ପରିଡା/ Basanta Kumar Parida
Just like atom is having atomic mass
Molecules do have Molecular Mass
ଡ୍େପରାଇି ପରାଇମାଣୁଡ୍ରାଇ ପାରାଇମାଣବି୍ ବସ୍ତୁତ୍ୱ
୍ୁହାୋଏ ଡ୍େମିତି ଅଣୁଗୁଡି୍ଡ୍ରାଇ ଆଣବି୍ ବସ୍ତୁତ୍ୱ
୍ୁହାୋଏ
• Molecular mass of hydrogen chloride
• 𝐻𝐶𝑙-1+35.5=36.5 amu or u
• ହାଇଡ୍ରାଡ୍େନ୍ ଡ୍୍ଲାରାଇାଇ ଆଣବି୍ ବସ୍ତୁତ୍ୱ
• 𝐻𝐶𝑙-1+35.5=36.5 amu or u
• Water (H2O) molecular mass
• 2H+O-21+16=18u
• େଳରାଇ ଆଣବି୍ ବସ୍ତୁତ୍ୱ
• 2H+O-21+16=18u
Mole concept-ହମାଲ୍
9-Oct-20 Magic of Science/ ବସନ୍ତ କୁମାର ପରିଡା/ Basanta Kumar Parida
8
One-1100
Ten-10  101
Hundred-100-  102
Thousand-1000  103
Lakh -100,000  105
Million- 1000000  106
Crore -10000000  107
Billion –1000000000  109
Mole-623000000000000000000000 6.0231023
ଏ୍ -1  100
ଦଶ -10  101
ଶଡ୍ହ-100  102
ହୋଡ୍ରାଇ -1000  103
ଲକ୍ଷ -100,000  105
ମିଲିୟନ୍- 1000000 -106 ଦଶ ଲକ୍ଷ
ଡ୍୍ାଟି -10000000-107
ବିଲିୟନ –1000000000 - 109
ଡ୍ମାଲ୍-623000000000000000000000-
023
9-Oct-20 Magic of Science/ ବସନ୍ତ କୁମାର ପରିଡା/ Basanta Kumar Parida
9
1 mole of hydrogen atom- 6.0231023
numbers Hydrogen atoms
1 mole of CaO molecule -6.0231023 numbers
CaO
1 Mole of water molecule -6.0231023
numbers water H2O molecules
ହାଇଡ୍ରାଡ୍େନ୍ ପରାଇମାଣୁରାଇ 1 ଡ୍ମାଲ୍- 6.0231023
େଂଖ୍ୟ୍ ହାଇଡ୍ରାଡ୍େନ ପରାଇମାଣୁ
1 ଡ୍ମାଲ୍ CaO= 6.0231023 େଂଖ୍ୟ୍ CaO
1 ଡ୍ମାଲ୍ େଳ ଅଣୁ = 6.0231023 େଂଖ୍ୟ୍ େଳଅଣୁ
9-Oct-20
10
Magic of Science/ ବସନ୍ତ କୁମାର ପରିଡା/ Basanta Kumar Parida
1 mole of an element=gram atomic
mass of that element =convert the
atomic mass into gram
1 mole of hydrogen atom-6.0231023
numbers Hydrogen atoms= 1gm
1 mole of H2O water molecule-
6.0231023 H2O water molecule= 18gm
ଏ୍ ଡ୍ମୌଳି୍ ବା ଡ୍େୌଗି୍ରାଇ 1 ଡ୍ମାଲ୍ ରାଇ ବସ୍ତୁତ୍ୱ = ଡ୍େହି
ଉପାଦାନରାଇ ଗ୍ରାମ ପାରାଇମାଣବି୍ ବସ୍ତୁତ୍ୱ= ପାରାଇମାଣବି୍
ବସ୍ତୁତ୍ୱ ଗ୍ରାମଡ୍ରାଇ ପରାଇିଣତ ୍ରାଇ
1 ଡ୍ମାଲ୍ ହାଇଡ୍ରାଡ୍େନ୍ ପରାଇମାଣୁ- 6.0231023
େଂଖ୍ୟ୍ ହାଇଡ୍ରାଡ୍େନ ପରାଇମାଣୁ=1 gm
1 ଡ୍ମାଲ୍ େଳ ଅଣୁ =6.0231023 େଂଖ୍ୟ୍ େଳ ଅଣୁ
=18gm
9-Oct-20
11
Magic of Science/ ବସନ୍ତ କୁମାର ପରିଡା/ Basanta Kumar Parida
16 u oxygen has only 1 atom of oxygen,
16 g oxygen has 1 mole atoms, that is,
6.023 1023 atoms of oxygen
16 amu ଅମଳୋନଡ୍ରାଇ ଡ୍୍ବଳ 1 ପରାଇମାଣୁ ଅମଳୋନ ଅଛି,
16 g ଅମଳୋନଡ୍ରାଇ 1 ଡ୍ମାଲ ପରାଇମାଣୁ ଅଛି, ଅର୍ଥାତ୍
6.0231023 ପରାଇମାଣୁ ଅମଳୋନ |
Calculate the molecular masses of H2, O2, Cl2,
CO2, CH4, C2H6, C2H4, NH3, CH3OH
ଏେବୁରାଇ ଆଣବି୍ ବସ୍ତୁତ୍ୱ ଡ୍୍ଡ୍ତ ଡ୍ହବ H2, O2, Cl2, CO2,
CH4, C2H6, C2H4, NH3, CH3OH
H2 =2gm
O2=2*16=32gm
Cl2=2*35.5=71gm
CO2=12+32=44gm
CH4=12+4=16
C2H6=30
C2H4=28
9-Oct-20 Magic of Science/ ବସନ୍ତ କୁମାର ପରିଡା/ Basanta Kumar Parida
12

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Atoms and molecules

  • 1. Magic of Science ବିଜ୍ଞାନର ଯାଦୁ Atoms, molecules- matters ପରମାଣୁ, ଅଣୁ- ପଦାର୍ଥ ବସନ୍ତ କୁମାର ପରିଡା Basanta Kumar Parida IPR Gandhinagar Gujarat
  • 2. 9-Oct-20 Magic of Science/ ବସନ୍ତ କୁମାର ପରିଡା/ Basanta Kumar Parida 2
  • 3. 9-Oct-20 3 Magic of Science/ ବସନ୍ତ କୁମାର ପରିଡା/ Basanta Kumar Parida
  • 4. 9-Oct-20 4 Magic of Science/ ବସନ୍ତ କୁମାର ପରିଡା/ Basanta Kumar Parida
  • 5. 9-Oct-20 5 Magic of Science/ ବସନ୍ତ କୁମାର ପରିଡା/ Basanta Kumar Parida What is a Molecule? A molecule is in general a group of two or more atoms that are chemically bonded together, that is, tightly held together by attractive forces. A molecule can be defined as the smallest particle of an element or a compound that is capable of an independent existence and shows all the properties of that substance. Atoms of the same element or of different elements can join together to form molecules. ଅଣୁ କ’ଣ? ଅଣୁ ହେଉଛି ହମୌଳିକ କିମବା ହଯୌଗିକର କ୍ଷୁଦ୍ରତମ କଣିକା ଯାୋ ସ୍ୱାଧୀନ ଭାବହର ରେିବାକୁ ସମର୍ଥ | ହମୌଳିକ ଅଣୁ ସମଜାତୀୟ ପରମାଣୁହର ଗଠିତ , ହଯୌଗିକର ଅଣୁ ଏକାଧିକ ଅସମଜାତୀୟ ପରମାଣୁ କୁ ହନଇ ଗଠିତ
  • 6. Molecules are represented by formulae ଅଣୁଗୁଡିକ ସଂହକତ ଦ୍ୱାରା ପ୍ରକାଶ କରାଯାଏ 9-Oct-20 Magic of Science/ ବସନ୍ତ କୁମାର ପରିଡା/ Basanta Kumar Parida 6 hydrogen chloride H+Cl→ 𝐻𝐶𝑙 ହାଇଡ୍ରାଡ୍େନ୍ ଡ୍୍ଲାରାଇାଇ aluminium oxide Al+OAl2O3 ଆଲୁ ମିନିୟମ୍ ଅକ୍ସାଇ
  • 7. 9-Oct-20 7 Magic of Science/ ବସନ୍ତ କୁମାର ପରିଡା/ Basanta Kumar Parida Just like atom is having atomic mass Molecules do have Molecular Mass ଡ୍େପରାଇି ପରାଇମାଣୁଡ୍ରାଇ ପାରାଇମାଣବି୍ ବସ୍ତୁତ୍ୱ ୍ୁହାୋଏ ଡ୍େମିତି ଅଣୁଗୁଡି୍ଡ୍ରାଇ ଆଣବି୍ ବସ୍ତୁତ୍ୱ ୍ୁହାୋଏ • Molecular mass of hydrogen chloride • 𝐻𝐶𝑙-1+35.5=36.5 amu or u • ହାଇଡ୍ରାଡ୍େନ୍ ଡ୍୍ଲାରାଇାଇ ଆଣବି୍ ବସ୍ତୁତ୍ୱ • 𝐻𝐶𝑙-1+35.5=36.5 amu or u • Water (H2O) molecular mass • 2H+O-21+16=18u • େଳରାଇ ଆଣବି୍ ବସ୍ତୁତ୍ୱ • 2H+O-21+16=18u
  • 8. Mole concept-ହମାଲ୍ 9-Oct-20 Magic of Science/ ବସନ୍ତ କୁମାର ପରିଡା/ Basanta Kumar Parida 8 One-1100 Ten-10  101 Hundred-100-  102 Thousand-1000  103 Lakh -100,000  105 Million- 1000000  106 Crore -10000000  107 Billion –1000000000  109 Mole-623000000000000000000000 6.0231023 ଏ୍ -1  100 ଦଶ -10  101 ଶଡ୍ହ-100  102 ହୋଡ୍ରାଇ -1000  103 ଲକ୍ଷ -100,000  105 ମିଲିୟନ୍- 1000000 -106 ଦଶ ଲକ୍ଷ ଡ୍୍ାଟି -10000000-107 ବିଲିୟନ –1000000000 - 109 ଡ୍ମାଲ୍-623000000000000000000000- 023
  • 9. 9-Oct-20 Magic of Science/ ବସନ୍ତ କୁମାର ପରିଡା/ Basanta Kumar Parida 9 1 mole of hydrogen atom- 6.0231023 numbers Hydrogen atoms 1 mole of CaO molecule -6.0231023 numbers CaO 1 Mole of water molecule -6.0231023 numbers water H2O molecules ହାଇଡ୍ରାଡ୍େନ୍ ପରାଇମାଣୁରାଇ 1 ଡ୍ମାଲ୍- 6.0231023 େଂଖ୍ୟ୍ ହାଇଡ୍ରାଡ୍େନ ପରାଇମାଣୁ 1 ଡ୍ମାଲ୍ CaO= 6.0231023 େଂଖ୍ୟ୍ CaO 1 ଡ୍ମାଲ୍ େଳ ଅଣୁ = 6.0231023 େଂଖ୍ୟ୍ େଳଅଣୁ
  • 10. 9-Oct-20 10 Magic of Science/ ବସନ୍ତ କୁମାର ପରିଡା/ Basanta Kumar Parida 1 mole of an element=gram atomic mass of that element =convert the atomic mass into gram 1 mole of hydrogen atom-6.0231023 numbers Hydrogen atoms= 1gm 1 mole of H2O water molecule- 6.0231023 H2O water molecule= 18gm ଏ୍ ଡ୍ମୌଳି୍ ବା ଡ୍େୌଗି୍ରାଇ 1 ଡ୍ମାଲ୍ ରାଇ ବସ୍ତୁତ୍ୱ = ଡ୍େହି ଉପାଦାନରାଇ ଗ୍ରାମ ପାରାଇମାଣବି୍ ବସ୍ତୁତ୍ୱ= ପାରାଇମାଣବି୍ ବସ୍ତୁତ୍ୱ ଗ୍ରାମଡ୍ରାଇ ପରାଇିଣତ ୍ରାଇ 1 ଡ୍ମାଲ୍ ହାଇଡ୍ରାଡ୍େନ୍ ପରାଇମାଣୁ- 6.0231023 େଂଖ୍ୟ୍ ହାଇଡ୍ରାଡ୍େନ ପରାଇମାଣୁ=1 gm 1 ଡ୍ମାଲ୍ େଳ ଅଣୁ =6.0231023 େଂଖ୍ୟ୍ େଳ ଅଣୁ =18gm
  • 11. 9-Oct-20 11 Magic of Science/ ବସନ୍ତ କୁମାର ପରିଡା/ Basanta Kumar Parida 16 u oxygen has only 1 atom of oxygen, 16 g oxygen has 1 mole atoms, that is, 6.023 1023 atoms of oxygen 16 amu ଅମଳୋନଡ୍ରାଇ ଡ୍୍ବଳ 1 ପରାଇମାଣୁ ଅମଳୋନ ଅଛି, 16 g ଅମଳୋନଡ୍ରାଇ 1 ଡ୍ମାଲ ପରାଇମାଣୁ ଅଛି, ଅର୍ଥାତ୍ 6.0231023 ପରାଇମାଣୁ ଅମଳୋନ | Calculate the molecular masses of H2, O2, Cl2, CO2, CH4, C2H6, C2H4, NH3, CH3OH ଏେବୁରାଇ ଆଣବି୍ ବସ୍ତୁତ୍ୱ ଡ୍୍ଡ୍ତ ଡ୍ହବ H2, O2, Cl2, CO2, CH4, C2H6, C2H4, NH3, CH3OH H2 =2gm O2=2*16=32gm Cl2=2*35.5=71gm CO2=12+32=44gm CH4=12+4=16 C2H6=30 C2H4=28
  • 12. 9-Oct-20 Magic of Science/ ବସନ୍ତ କୁମାର ପରିଡା/ Basanta Kumar Parida 12