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2. Lesson 4
THE SELF IN WESTERN AND
EASTERN THOUGHTS
CHAPTER 1

3. Lesson objectives
 Differentiate the concept of self according to
western though against eastern/oriental
perspectives.
 Discuss and differentiate eastern and western
people about views of self.
 Hinduism, Confucianism, Buddhism, Taoism.

4. INTRODUCTION
 Cultures and cultural practices have great
effects on peoples ways of life and changes
as well. Different cultures with varying
environments tend to create different
perceptions of the self. One of the most
common distinction between cultures of
people are the cultures of the eastern versus
the western. Eastern represents Asia and
western represents Europe and North
America.

5. The self in eastern andwestern thoughts
 According to Eastern philosophy, the self as
an essence does not exist and this is due to
our ignorance of the true nature of the world.
According to Western philosophy, the self
does exist, but the views on the topic are
pluralistic.

6. Eastern thoughts
 Eastern philosophy or Asian philosophy
includes the various philosophies that
originated in East and South Asia, including
Chinese philosophy, Japanese philosophy,
Korean philosophy, and Vietnamese.
 Asian culture is called a collectivistic culture
as the group and social relations that is
given more importance than individual
needs and wants.

7. Western thoughts
 Western philosophy encompasses the
philosophical thought and work of the
Western world. Historically, the term refers to
the philosophical thinking of Western culture,
beginning with the ancient Greek philosophy
of the pre-Socratics.
 The western culture is what we would call an
individualistic culture since their focus is on
the person.

8. The difference between
Western and Eastern thought?
 Western philosophy deals with Individualism
while Eastern Philosophy is related to
Collectivism. Both philosophies center on
virtues. Eastern philosophy takes more of a
spiritual approach while Western philosophy
is more hands-on.

9. difference between Western
and Eastern culture?
Western Culture
 The Leaders
While in the western
cultures, the concept of
equality is taken more
seriously and a leader is
just one among the rest. He
is not looked as above and
over the general public.
Eastern Culture
 The Leaders
In the eastern cultures, the
leader assumes supreme
status. He has a great
bearing on the general
public. This comes from the
fact that in eastern cultures
a technically greater man is
often elevated to God-like
status .

10. The Concept of Self in Eastern
and Western Philosophy
 The conceptions of self in Eastern and Western
philosophy are diametrically opposite.
 According to Eastern philosophy, the self as an
essence does not exist and this is due to our
ignorance of the true nature of the world.
 According to Western philosophy, the self does
exist, but the views on the topic are pluralistic. To
date, there is no consensus about the existence of
the self and what it actually represents.

11. Characteristics of eastern and
western thoughts?
 Eastern philosophies are quiet varied in their
beliefs regarding deities, e.g. many of the
philosophies have a high regard for proper
behavior and deference to hierarchy, while the
western philosophy has not only critical about
orthodox religion but also came with ideals
of secularism, humanism, scientific
temperament, progress and development.

12. Perspectives about self in
Eastern and Western people
 Western perspectives about self are
inherently dualistic.
 Eastern perspectives about self are inherently
non-dualistic.
Hi gwapa…

13. Eastern and western people
about views of self
 The western philosophy sees the self as part
of the human being, the very source of
independence and difference from anything
and anybody else.
 The eastern philosophy sees the self as a
mere unit of the
great universe.

14. The Concept of self in Eastern
Thought
 In the concept of “self” in general is greatly
influenced by religious beliefs and political
philosophies. Eastern concepts of “self” leans
more toward the different philosophies,
namely: Confucianism, Taoism, and
Buddhism.
HI MISS
Hilom!

15. What is Confucianism Taoism
and Buddhism?
 Confucianism focuses on societal rules and
moral values, whereas Taoism advocates
simplicity and living happily while in tune with
nature. On the other hand, Buddhism
reiterates the ideas of suffering,
impermanence of material items, and
reincarnation while stressing the idea of
reaching salvation beyond.

16. Confucianism
 This philosophy originated from the
Chinese philosopher, teacher, and
political figure named Kung Fu Zi, or
more popularly known as Confucius.
The concept of “self” under this
philosophical thought focuses on
having a harmonious social life
through acting properly and
accordingly with other people. This
means that a person’s identity and
self-concept are interwoven with the
identity and status of his/her
community or culture.
Paro paro G

17. Taoism
 Taoism has been connected to the
philosopher Lao Tzu, who around
500 B.C.E. wrote the main book of
Taoism, the Tao TeChing.
Taoism holds that humans and
animals should live in balance with
the Tao, or the universe. Taoists
believe in spiritual immortality,
where the spirit of the body joins
the universe after death.

18. Buddhism
 Buddhism is one of the world's
largest religions and originated
2,500 years ago in India.
Buddhists believe that the human
life is one of suffering, and that
meditation, spiritual and physical
labor, and good behavior are the
ways to achieve enlightenment,
or nirvana.
Tol mata paka tol?
HAHAAHA

19. Hinduism
 The dominant religion of
India that emphasizes
dharma with its resulting
ritual and social
observances and often
mystical contemplation
and ascetic practices.
Assemble raaawww

20. The aim of studying the self in
Western and Eastern thoughts
 The aim of studying the self in the Western
sense is to achieve health, normalcy and
personal knowledge.
 The aim in eastern thoughts includes most of
the above but works toward the union of the
higher self with the lower, it is therefore
psychology with a soul.

21. THAT’S ALL FOR TODAY’STOPIC…
THANKYOU
Sana All

22. GROUP 2
MEMBERS:
 Jhon Rey Demellites
 Christian Baloro
 John Marvin Bonagua
 Hazelle joy Ibanez
 Mark John Beltran
 Leopoldo Dumadangon
 Kelvin Donato