dna replication, dna ligase, dna structure, dna polymerase

1. What is DNA replication
DNA replication is the process by which DNA makes a copy of itself during cell division.
The first step in DNA replication is to 'unzip' the double helix structure of DNA? Molecule Is it
done by an enzyme?
What are helicases that break hydrogen bonds called? Complementary holding? base on? of
DNA together (A with T, C with G). The separation of two single strands of DNA creates a 'Y'
shape called a replication 'fork'. of two separate strands of DNA to form new strandsBecause
the templates will work because one strand is in the 3' to 5' direction (toward the replication
fork), it is the leading strand? The second strand is in the 5' to 3' direction (away from the
replication fork), this is the lagging strand?
As a result of their different orientations, the two strands are transcribed differently: a short
piece of RNA? What is a primer called? A primer serves as the starting point for DNA
synthesis. DNA polymerase? binds to the known strand and then 'runs' with it, the new
complementary strandDoes it? Nucleotide?

2. The bases (A, C, G and T) run from the 5' to the 3' direction of the DNA strand. This type of
replication is called continuous. A number of RNA primers are created by the enzyme
primers and bind to different sites along the lagging strand. Fragments of DNA, called
Okazaki fragments, are then added to the lagging strand in the 5' to 3' direction.
This type of replication is called discontinuous because the Okazaki fragments will need to
be joined later. Once all bases are connectedare (A with T, C with G), an enzyme called
exonuclease removes the primer. The gaps where the primer(s) were are then filled with
more complementary nucleotides.
The new strand is proofread to make sure there are no mistakes in the new DNA sequence.
Finally, an enzyme called DNA ligase? Breaks the DNA sequence into two consecutive

3. double strands. The result of DNA replication is two DNA molecules, one new and one old,
nucleotides. This is a series.
This is why DNA replication is called semi-conservative, half of the chain is part of the
original DNA molecule, half is brand new. After replication, the new DNA folds itself into a
double helix.
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