For LAC Session topic

1. INSTRUCTIONAL
APPROACHES
AND MODELS
PRESENTER:
MINALANG, SITTIE ASIA A.
BANI, NASIMA A.

2. I. INSTRUCTIONAL MODELS
- is a plan or pattern that can be used to shape curriculums
(long-term courses of studies), to design instructional
materials, and to guide instruction in the classroom and
other settings based on Joyce and Well (1980).

3. A. Information
Processing Model

4. a. Expository Teaching Model
 - Explicit explanation in details of certain facts.
 - A way of presentation of information and learning contents to pupils directly.
 - Presenting learning materials by explanation, narration, or demonstration.
 - Suitably use toss teach certain concept and skill during the beginning of the
lesson.
 - Principle and concept are explained verbally, as all the facts are written on the
board, showed on the screen.
 - Time-saving: Enables teacher to finish all related concepts in a shorter period
and pupils merely listen quietly.
 - More to a lecturing method. (Less effective for primary schools).

5. b. Inquiry Teaching Model
i. Scientific Inquiry Model
 - Used to study principles, phenomena, and characteristics of scientific
knowledge.
ii. Social Inquiry Model
 - Used to study topics related to social and humanity aspects.
 - Based on activities such as observation, interview and questionnaire
 - Emphasizes on social interaction process.

6. iii. Juris-prudential Inquiry Model
 - Used to look for reality and accuracy in current issues
(learning Science is more useful than learning Arts).
 - Concerns with science and philosophy of human law.
 - Based on activities, discussions and debates.

7. B. Behavioral Model

8. a. Direct Instruction Model
i. Demonstration
- A teaching technique involves the use of teacher’s skills to
demonstrate and perform a certain activity in the class.
- Teacher has a strong control over what is learnt in the classroom,
provides feedback, monitoring students, grading work and strict
classroom rules and regulations (teacher-centered).
ii. Mastery learning
- Refers to a theory and practice of using remedial teaching based on
feedback on pupil’s performance to assist them to achieve the
learning objectives.

9. b. Programmed Instruction Model
i. Computer Assisted Instruction (CIA)
- The application of technology and computer system in teaching.
- Pupils follow designed learning materials in software without
teacher’s help.
- Teacher has to facilitate the pupils to have interest in manipulating
computer.

10. C. Personal Model

11. a. Non-directive
- Positive human relationship enable people to grow.
- Instruction should be based on concepts of human relations.
b. Developing Positive Self-concepts
- Appreciate the abilities and talents one possesses.
- Involves from the moral values that should be emphasized among students.
- Activities that help: group/individual presentation, musical performances, stage
performances.
 c. Project Model
 - Based on the belief that learning would be effective if pupils are interested
and ready to carry out learning activities. Examples research project, handicraft
project, and educational visit.

12. D. Social Model

13. a. Group Teaching and Cooperative Learning
a. Informal Learning Group- basically temporary within a
single class session.
b. Formal Learning Group- being formed to complete a
specific tasks, such as to carry a project, performing a lab
experiment, etc.
c. Study Teams- long-term groups with a stable membership.

14. b. Simulation
i. Role play
- Emphasize the social nature of learning.
- Stimulate students both socially and intellectually.
- Improves interpersonal skills and enhances communication.
- Teaching strategy that fits within the social family models.
ii. Sociodrama
- More like an acting activity.
- Based on a story which reflects a certain situation involving conflicting issue.
- Script should be prepared earlier.

15. II. INSTRUCTIONALAPPROACHES
- Is a set of principles, beliefs, or ideas about the nature of
learning which is translated into the classroom.

16. A. Teacher-centered Approach- the teacher is perceived to be
the only reliable source of information and only the teacher’s
voice is heard.
B. Learner-centered Approach- it is premised on the belief that
the learner is also an important resource because he/she too
knows something and is therefore capable of sharing
something.
C. Subject Matter-centered Approach- Subject matter gains
primacy that of the learner.

17. D. Interactive Approach- an interactive classroom have more
student talk and less teacher talk. Students are given the
opportunity to interact with teacher and with other students.
E. Constructivist Approach- the students are expected to
construct knowledge and meaning out for what they are
taught by connecting them to prior experience.
F. Banking Approach- the teacher deposits knowledge into the
“empty” minds of students for students to commit memory.

18. G. Integrated Approach- it makes the teacher connects what
he/she teaches to other lessons of the same subject
(intradisciplinary) or connects hi/her lessons with other subject
thus making his/her approach interdisciplinary and
multidisciplinary.
H. Disciplinal Approach- it limits the teacher discussing his/her
lessons within the boundary of his/her subjects.
I. Collaborative Approach- it will welcome group work,
teamwork, partnerships, and group discussion.

19. J. Individualistic Approach- it wants the individual students to
work by themselves.
K. Direct Teaching Approach- the teacher directly tells or shows
or demonstrates what is to be taught.
L. Indirect, Guided Approach- the teacher guides the learner to
discover teams for himself/herself. The teacher facilitates the
learning process by allowing the learner to be engage in the
learning process with his/her guidance.

20. THANK YOU FOR
LISTENINGs