1. Weighing the Results: A Systematic Review of Worksite Weight Management Programs in
U.S. Based Companies
Ashley L. Arnold, MBA, MPH candidate
Advisor/Readers:
 Dr. Michelle Issel, Ph.D., MSN, B.N.
 Dr. Karen Hopcia, ScD, ANP-BC
Objective: Effect of weight loss through worksite health promotional programs has not been
assessed when studies in countries other than the U.S. are excluded. The aim of the current
review is two-fold; (1) assess whether participants lose weight in health programs centered on
weight loss and administered through U.S. workplace settings and (2) compare program
components between study interventions with favorable and significant results to those without.
Methods: A systematic review was conducted in the computerized search channels Cochrane
library, Health Source, PyscINFO, PubMed, Medline, and Scopus. Reference lists were also
utilized. Search terms and methods were determined based on Harris Cooper’s guide for
literature reviews (1998), the Guide to Preventive Services recommendations, and from past
systematic reviews (Anderson et al, 2009; Benedict and Arterburn, 2008; Chapman, 2003; Zaza,
2000). Studies were selected by an independent researcher and included when they were
published between 1999 and 2013, conducted in the U.S., focused on weight loss as the primary
outcome, and had treatment duration of ≥ 8 weeks.
Results: A total of 10 study arms within 7 studies were assessed. 70% of the interventions
favored workplace weight loss programs in the U.S., but only 50% of those were significant and
favorable. Across studies, behavioral treatment was consistent, but theory was inconsistently
reported. However, Social Cognitive and Theory of Planned Behavior models were indicated in
some of the interventions in which results were favorable and significant. Other variables
supporting weight loss health programs in the workplace were internal contribution to
administration or support, use of incentives, and including consultations, participants’ journaling,
physician monitoring and stress management in the treatment components.
Conclusion: On the basis of the literature, evidence in favor of workplace health interventions
centered on weight loss in U.S. based companies is inconclusive, but this may be attributable to
limited studies meeting criteria that supports treatment of overweight and obesity; behavioral
treatment, diet, and physical activity.