2. Types of Nutrition
The process of providing or obtaining the food necessary for
health and growth.
What is Nutrition?
1. Autotrophic Nutrition
2.Heterotrophic Nutrition
There is Sub-Parts of Heterotrophic Nutrition are:-
1.Parasitic Nutrition
2. Saprophytic Nutrition
3. How do living things get their
food?
There are different organisms which get their food by different
nutrition like as follows:-
1. Autotrophic Nutrition- Nutrition in which organisms
prepare their own food by processes like photosynthesis
and chemosynthesis. Green plants, for example,
manufacture sugar and starch from carbon dioxide and
water using the energy of sunlight to drive the necessary
chemical reactions. Which is 6CO2 + 6H2O → C6H12O6 +
6O2 . This process is called photosynthesis.
4. The following events occur during this process–
(i)Absorption of light energy by chlorophyll.
(ii) Conversion of light energy to chemical energy and
splitting of water molecules into hydrogen and
oxygen.
(iii) Reduction of carbon dioxide to carbohydrates.
These steps need not take place one after the other
immediately. For example, desert plants take up
carbon dioxide at night and prepare an intermediate
which is acted upon by the energy absorbed by the
chlorophyll during the day
What actually happens during the
process of photosynthesis?
5. How the plant obtains carbon
dioxide?
The carbon dioxide enters the leaves of
the plant through the stomata present on
their surface. Each stomatal pore is
surrounded by a pair of guard cells. The
opening and closing of the pores of
stomata is controlled by the guard cells
only.
7. 2.HETEROTROPHIC NUTRITION-HETEROTROPHIC
ORGANISMS OBTAIN THEIR FOOD FROM THE BODIES OF
OTHER ORGANISMS. THIS IS DONE IN VARIOUS WAYS.
• Herbivores such as cattle, tortoises and sparrows eat plants.
Carnivores such as lions, crocodiles, sharks and kestrels eat the
flesh of other animals.
Omnivores such as humans can eat both plants and animals.
Saprophytes such as many types of fungi and bacteria, obtain
their food in liquid form from the remains of dead organisms.
This feeding manifests itself as the process called decay.
Parasites such as tapeworms and mosquitoes live on or in
another living organism (called the host) from which they obtain
food
8. How do Amoeba obtain its
Nutrition?
Amoeba envelops its food through
the process of endocytosis or
phagocytosis, where pseudopodia is
created by flexibility of the plasma
membrane. ... Amoeba takes in food
using temporary finger-like extensions
of the cell surface which fuse over the
food particle forming a food-vacuole.
This is also called as holozoic
nutrition.
10. What is Digestion?
Digestion- Digestion is a process by which complex substances present
in our food like , glucose , Amino acid, fats and glycerol are
converted into their simpler form to get energy for the various
processes of our body.
What all is present in our
digestive system?
Human digestive system consists of the long
alimentary canal that includes mouth, pharynx,
esophagus(food pipe) stomach, small intestine, large
intestine, rectum and anus . Organs are also there for
assistance pancreas, liver.
12. How Digestion takes place?
First, we intake food through our mouth, in which
salivary glands release saliva which helps in converting
starch to maltose. Then food is transferred to stomach
through esophagus. In stomach many gastric juices are
released for synthesizing proteins , fats and
carbohydrates etc. Then the food is transferred to small
intestine, when this process is taking place bile juice is
secreted by liver, which is stored in gall bladder and is
transferred through bile duct. Bile juice breaks down
fats into fatty acids.
13. During
this pancreas makes pancreatic juic
es called enzymes. These enzymes
break down sugars, fats, and
starches. Pancreas also helps
your digestive system by making
hormones. These are chemical
messengers that travel through
blood. After this food stays in
small intestine for six to eight
hours, in which there are finger
like structure called villi.
Now the food is transferred to
Large Intestine in which excess
water is absorbed. After all these
Processes waste is stored in rectum
and is excreted out by anus.
14. Test your knowledge
1. _______ controls the opening and closing of
stomata.
2. Which acid is present in stomach ?
3. What are the three parts of small intestine?
4. Which movement helps us in swallowing ?
5. What are the finger like projections present
in small intestine ?
6. Bile is released by __________.
