peptic ulcer presenation by Arun kumar dutta. ulcer cause , sign and symptoms and diagnosis , plan of treatment

1. B.PHARM 2ND SEMESTER
(PATHOHYSIOLOGY) PPT BY
ARUN KUMAR DUTTA
STUDENT GIST ,
GUNUPUR
B.PHARM 2ND SEMESTER
(PATHOPHYSIOLOGY)
PPT BY
ARUN KUMAR DUTTA
STUDENT , GIST
,GUNUPUR

2. CONTENTS
 DEFINITION
 TYPES
 ETIOLOGY
 PATHOGENESIS
 SIGN AND SYMPTOMS
 COMPLICATION
 DIAGNOSIS
 PLAN OF TREATMENT

3. DEFINITION
 A condition in which wounds appears in the lining of
stomach or duodenum , along with a burning stomach pain is
termed peptic ulcer.
 Common causes include the bacteria H.Pylori and anti
inflammatory pain relievers including aspirin.

4. TYPES
 Mainly it is of two types;
a. Gastric ulcer:- Affect the stomach lining and
characterized by pain while the food is still in stomach and
arises within a short period of time after food consumption.
b. Duodenal ulcer:- Affect the upper part of small
intestine and characterized by pain when stomach is empty or
after several hours of food consumption.

5. ETIOLOGY
 NSAID’s drugs like Aspirin, Ibuprofen etc. used frequently
 Smoking
 Alcoholism
 Stress
 Spicy food

6. PATHOGENESIS
 NSAID’s inhibits the secretion of prostaglandin actively
involved in blocking ulceration . In case of some diseased
condition like crohn’s disease , hepatic disease, pre existing
gastritis ulceration may occurs.
 Bacteria H.pylori releases a toxin that destructs or damage
the gastric and duodenal mucosa , reducing the epithelium’s
resistance to acid and causing gastritis and ulcer disease.

7. SIGN AND SYMPTOMS
 Vomiting
 Bloating
 Nausea
 Dark blood in stool
 Indigestion
 Upper abdominal pain
 Loss of appetite

8. COMPLICATION
 Hemorrhage:- Blood vessels is damaged as ulcer erodes the
muscles of stomach or duodenal wall.
 Perforation:- Bacteria and partially digested fool spill into
peritoneum = peritonitis.
 Obstruction:- Swelling and scarring can cause obstruction of
food leaving stomach = repeated vomiting.

9. DIAGNOSIS
 Endoscopy:- It is the most accurate diagnostic test for peptic
ulcer disease. It involves inserting a small lighted tube
through the throat and into the stomach to look for
abnormalities.
 Urea breath test
 Radiology

10. PLAN OF TREATMENT
 Non pharmacological:- Dietary modification and nutritional supplements,
avoid smoking, tabaco and alcohol, cessation of NSAIDS.
 Pharmacological:-
 Antibiotics
 Antisecretory agents
 Antacid
 Acid suppressors
 Proton pump inhibitor:- Omeprazole, Pantoprazole.
 Surgery :- Remove of entire ulcer