The student thanks their teacher and team members for helping them complete a project on the nutritional requirements of bacteria. The project covered topics like the oxygen requirements, temperature tolerance, pH tolerance, and effects of light, mechanical stress, and more. It explained that bacteria need water, a carbon source, nitrogen, and inorganic salts to grow. The optimal temperature range for most bacteria is 5-30°C, and they grow best at a neutral pH of 7.2-7.6.

2. I Would Like To Express My Special Thanks Of
Gratitude To My Teacher Miss Sana Farzeen Who
Give Me The Golden Opportunity To Do Work On
This Wonderful Project Presentation
Topic :-NUTRITIONAL REQUIREMENT OF
BACTERIA
I Would Also Want To Thanks My All The Team
member Of This Project Who Helped Me must In
Finalizing This Project Within A Limited Time
Frame.

3. 1. INTRODUCTION
2. BACTERIAL REQUIREMENT FOR
GROWTH
3. OXYEGEN REQUIREMENT
4. Temperature
5. H-ion concentration
6. Light
7. Mechanical and sonic stress

4.  Bacteria Are The Single-celled Organism That Are
Not Seen With Our Naked Eyes. Bacteria Are Found
Almost On Everywhere On Earth. It also require
some nutrition for its growth .
 It Have Some Various Shapes Such As-Chain, Spiral,
Pair, Rod-Shaped, etc.

5. DIAGRAM OF BACTERIA

7.  LAG PHASE :- Bacteria Adapt Themselves To Growth
Conditions. It Is The Period Where The Individual
Bacteria Are Maturing.
 EXPONENTIAL PHASE :- It Is A Period Characterized
By Cell Doubling. The Number Of New Bacteria
Appearing Per Unit Time If Growth Is Not Limited,
Doubling Will Continue At A Constant Rate.
 STATIONARY PHASE :- Stationary Phase Results From
A Situation In Which Growth Rate And Death Rate
Have The Same Values (Newly Formed Cells Per Time
= Dying Cells Per Time)
 DECLINE PHASE :-The Death Phase Is The Point
Where The Living Cells Stop Metabolic Functions And
Begin The Process Of Death

8.  Oxygen
 Temperature
 H-ion Concentration
 Light
 Mechanical And Sonic Stress

9.  Division Is Based On Influence Of Oxygen Into Growth
 Aerobic :- Require Oxygen For Growth .
It Also Obtain Energy Through
Oxidation
 Anaerobic :- Growth Is Absence Of Oxygen .
It Obtain Energy By Use Of Hydrogen
Than Oxygen.

10.  Bacteria Need The Optimum Temperature At
Which Growth Occurs.
 For Each Species There Is A Temperature
Range For Growth. If You Provide A
{Maximum /Minimum }Temp. The Growth
Will Not Occurs .
 Bacteria Mostly Grow At The Temperature In
The Range Of {5°C To 30°C} Or{40°F To 90
°F}

11.  Bacteria Are Sensitive To Variation In Ph
 Each Bacteria Has A Ph Range ,Above Or
Below To That Bacteria Cant Survive
 Provide Optimum ph At Which Bacteria Grows
Best .
 Bacteria Grows Best At Neutral Or Slightly
Alkaline { ph-7.2 – 7.6}

12.  Bacteria grow well in dark
 They are sensitive to UV light and radiations.
 UV Light Cause The Death Of Bacteria By
Target The Genetic Material.
 Culture die if exposed to sunlight.

13.  Bacteria Have Tough Cell Walls, They May Be
Ruptured By Mechanical Stress Such As
Grinding Or Vigorous Shaking By Glass Beads.
 It is also ruptured by the exposure of
ultrasonic vibrations.

15. For Growth And Nutrition Of Bacteria,
The Minimum Nutritional Requirements
Are Water, , A Source Of Carbon, A
Source Of Nitrogen , and Some
Inorganic Salts. Water Is The Vehicle
Of Entry Of All Nutrients Into The Cell
And For The Elimination Of Waste
Products.

16.  Bacteria Are Absorptive In Mode Of Nutrients So It
Have The Major Requirement Of Water 80 To 90%
Percent Of Total Weight Of Cells.
H2O -> Hydrogen + Oxygen = Used By Bacteria
 In Bacteria With The Help Of Water Nutrients Are
Converted Into Aqueous Solution Before They Can
Enter The Cells
 It Provides Suitable Environment For Metabolic
Reaction.
 It Provides Resistance To Sudden And Transient
Temperature Changes.

17.  Carbon sources taken by the cell serve as
substrates of the metabolic network,
 Bacteria Use Co2 As A Primary Source Of Carbon
AUTOTROPH - it depend on inorganic diet and
using CO2 as a carbon source
 HETEROTROPHS – Organism Which Can’t Use Co2 As
A Source Of Carbon But Require Organically
Combined Carbon Like Glucose Or Amino Acid.

18.  Those Bacteria That Obtain Nitrogen Directly
From The Atmosphere Are Called Nitrogen Fixing
Bacteria
 All The Organisms Requires Nitrogen For Cell
Components, There Are Some Bacteria That Can
Use The Nitrogen Present In The Atmosphere
While Other DRIVES On Inorganic Nitrogen
Compounds Such As Nitrates, Nitrites And
Ammonium Salt .
 Some Bacteria Are There That Derives Nitrogen
From Organic Compound Like Amino Acid.

19. Inorganic Ions Play At Least Two Essential
Parts In The Growth And Survival Of The
Cells.
 First, Inorganic Ions Are Required For The
Nutrition And Metabolism Of Marine
Bacterial Cells.
 Secondly, Inorganic Ions Are Required To
Prevent Lysis Of Marine Bacterial Cells

20. Culture media, also known as growth media, are
specific mixtures of nutrients and other
Substances that support the growth of microorganisms such
as bacteria and fungi example :-NUTRIENT AGAR
Procedure for make nutrient agar:-
 1. Suspend 28 g of nutrient agar powder in 1 litre of
distilled water.
 2. Heat this mixture while stirring to fully dissolve all
components.
 3. Autoclave the dissolved mixture at 121 degrees Celsius
for 15 minutes.
 4. Once the nutrient agar has been autoclaved, allow it to
cool but not solidify.
 5. Pour nutrient agar into each plate and leave plates on
the sterile surface until the agar has solidified.

21. COMPOUND AMOUNT FUNCTION OR USEOF
COMPONENT
Beef Extract 10gm Source Of Carbohydrate Amino
Acid.
Peptone 10gm Source Of Amino Acid
Sodium Chloride 5gm Electrolyte
Agar 20gm Solidifying Agent
Distilled Water To Make
1000ml
Vehicle