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Child Development Nature vs Nurture Report
- 1. ED101 Reported by: Apple Grace F. Diaz The Child and Adolescent Learning Principles
- 2. • Identify the different theoretical issues on human development and siting its examples
- 6. Obesity N A T U R E V S N U R T U R E
- 7. Intelligence N A T U R E V S N U R T U R E
- 8. Personality N A T U R E V S N U R T U R E
- 9. Leisure Preferences N A T U R E V S N U R T U R E
- 10. Occupation N A T U R E V S N U R T U R E
- 11. Criminal Acts N A T U R E V S N U R T U R E
- 12. Homoexuality N A T U R E V S N U R T U R E
- 13. Continuity and Discontinuity (Stages) Continuity • Development is a relatively smooth process, without sharp or distinct stages, through which an individual mustpass • Development is a matter of quantity; the older the child is the moreskilltheydevelop Discontinuity • Development is a series of discreet strategies, each of which is characterized by at least one task that an individual must accomplish beforeprogressingtothenextstage. • Children pass through critical periodsindevelopment. • The first five years of life - language acquisition. Children have an easier timelearning differentlanguages than adults.
- 14. Example: As children grown in height, they also tend to display more of certain skills as they grow older. Example: One day they are a child, the next they are a teenager.
- 17. Developmental Stages As you might imagine, developmental psychologists often break down development according to various phases of life. Each of these periods of development represents a time when different milestones are typically achieved. People may face particular challenges at each point, and developmental psychologists can often help people who might be struggling with problems to get back on track. Prenatal Psychologists may look at how primary reflexes emerge before birth, how fetuses respond to stimuli in the womb, and the sensations and perceptions that fetuses are capable of detecting prior to birth. Early Childhood Developmental psychologists look at things such as the physical, cognitive, and emotional growth that takes place during this critical period of development. Middle Childhood This period of development is marked by both physical maturation and the increased importance of social influences as children make their way through elementary school. Adolescence The teenage years are often the subject of considerable interest as children experience the psychological turmoil and transition that often accompanies this period of development. Psychologists such as Erik Erikson were especially interested in looking at how navigating this period leads to identity formation. Early Adulthood This period of life is often marked by forming and maintaining relationships. Critical milestones during early adulthood may include forming bonds, intimacy, close friendships, and starting a family. Middle Adulthood This stage of life tends to center on developing a sense of purpose and contributing to society. Older Adults The senior years are often viewed as a period of poor health, yet many older adults are capable of remaining active and busy well into their 80s and 90s.
- 19. Stability and Change Stability • The belief that personality traits developed in the first five years adulttpersonality. • Some aspects of temperament of temperament, such as energy level and outgoingness, seem relatively stable Change • Personalities are modified through interactions with family, experiences at school, and acculturation. • Social attitudes usually changes a great deal from childhood to adulthood.
- 20. A young child that is shy will remain shy through adulthood. Stability Personalities are modified through interactions with family, experiences at school, and acculturation. Social attitudes usually change a great deal from childhood to adulthood. Change
- 21. Stability Change
Editor's Notes
- There are a number of important issues that have been debated throughout the history of developmental psychology. The major questions include the following: Is development due more to genetics or environment? Does development occur slowly and smoothly, or do changes happen in stages? Do early childhood experiences have the greatest impact on development or are later events equally important? Here are some of the basic questions within the realm of developmental psychology and what many psychologists today believe about these issues.
- The debate over the relative contributions of inheritance and the environment usually referred to as the nature versus nurture debate. It is one of the oldest issues in both philosophy and psychology.
- Philosophers such as Plato and Descartes supported the idea that some ideas are inborn. Other well-known thinkers such as John Locke believed in what is known as tabula rasa, which suggests that the mind begins as a blank slate. According to this notion, everything that we are and all of our knowledge is determined by our experience. Today, most psychologists believe that it is an interaction between these two forces that causes development in determining our knowledge.
- Example: Is Obesity caused by nature or Nurture?
- Another major issue in developmental is that some theories of development argue that changes are simply a matter of quantity; children display more of certain skills as they grow older. psychology is that of continuity. Does change occur smoothly over time, or through a series of predetermined steps?