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- 1. BATAM WASTE MANAGEMENT PRESENTED BY : Dr. Eng. ANSARULLAH LAWI SEPTEMBER 20, 2023 Create Tower #08-01, 1 Create Way, Singapore
- 2. 2 PROFILE Name: Ansarullah Lawi Cell-Phone: +62 81282864823 Email: ansarullah@gmail.com Work Experience PT PLN (Persero) Cabang Kendari 1999-2005. PT Epcos Indonesia, Dec 2010 – Dec 2011. PT Labtech Penta International, Feb 2012 – Feb 2013. PT Caterpillar Indonesia Batam, Mar 2013 – July 2016. Universitas Putera Batam, Sept 2011 – July 2016. Universitas Universal, July 2016 – June 2021 Institut Teknologi Batam (ITEBA), June 2021 - Now D-3: Ahli Madya (A. Md.) Dept. of Mechanical Engineering Politeknik Negeri Ujung Pandang, Makassar S-2: Master of Engineering (M. Eng.) Dept. of Intelligent Machinery & Systems, Kyushu University, Japan S-3: Doctor of Engineering (Dr. Eng.) Dept. of Intelligent Machinery & Systems, Kyushu University, Japan
- 3. Maagøe, V. (2023). Barriers of Waste-to-Energy and how to address them Batam – Indonesia. Danish Energy Agency. Aritenang, A. (2017). Special economic zone at the crossroads: the case of Batam. JSP : Jurnal Ilmu Sosial Dan Ilmu Politik, 21(2), 132. https://doi.org/10.22146/jsp.30438 Purnajaya, A. R., & Hanggara, F. D. (2020). Optimizationof Municipal Solid Waste Transporter in Batam City using Genetic Algorithm. Journal of Physics, 1566, 012067. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1566/1/012067 Kurnianingsih, F., Zulkarnain, I., & Okparizan. (2021). Social Engineering Attempt with Inter-Organization Participation of Waste Bank Program in Batam City. International Research Journal of Advanced Engineering and Science, 6(3), 64–69. Gustiabani, Z., & Lingga, Y. (2023). Issues Relating to Waste Transport System In Sekupang Batam City. Sigma Teknika, 6(1). Adicita, Y., Sari, M., Darwin, Hafifah, Ulhasanah, N., Sianipar, I., Tehupeiory, Septiariva, I., & Suryawan, I. W. (2022). Kajian Pengelolaan Sampah Perkotaan pada Pulau Kecil Padat Penduduk di Pulau Lengkang, Kota Batam. Jurnal Wilayah Dan Lingkungan, 10(3). https://doi.org/10.14710/jwl Diamanty Meiliana. (2022). Jokowi: Indonesia Berkomitmen Kurangi 70 Persen Sampah Plastik di Laut. Retrieved September 18, 2023, from KOMPAS.com Al-Zaidi R, Woods J, Al-Khalidi M, Alheeti KMA, McDonald-Maier K. (2017). Next generation marine data networks in an IoT environment. 2017 2nd Int Conf Fog Mob Edge Comput FMEC. 2017;50–5.. 3 REFERENCES
- 4. 4 PRESENTATION AGENDA Overview of the presentation. • About Batam • Waste Generation and Collection in Batam • Waste Infrastructure in Batam • Administration of Batam’s waste • Waste in Coastal SEA and islands • Marine Waste Management with IoT and ML • Supporting NGO and Industry • Conclusions
- 5. ABOUT BATAM Location, size, and population of Batam • Batam is conveniently located neighboring Singapore & Malaysia • It's status as a Special Economic Zone due to strategic location, and role as an industrial hub (NDP, BAT, Sekupang, Hang Nadim) • As of 2023, estimated population is approximately 1,748,142. Significant population growth, with an annual change of about 3.75% Aritenang, A. (2017). Special economic zone at the crossroads: the case of Batam. JSP : Jurnal Ilmu Sosial Dan Ilmu Politik, 21(2), 132. https://doi.org/10.22146/jsp.30438 https://www.macrotrends.net/cities/205695/batam/population
- 6. ABOUT BATAM Waste Generation Projection Batam’s only landfill (TPA Telaga Punggur) is soon reaching maximum capacity, but expansion plans are put on hold due to budgetary constraints. Daily volume: 800 - 1,100 tons (20 ha) A large amount of the waste generated in Batam, is currently not handled by the system Batam is expected to reach a daily waste generation of 2,000 tons in 2025. Of that ~60% is expected to come from households (DLH Batam, 2022) Maagøe, V. (2023). Barriers of Waste-to-Energy and how to address them Batam – Indonesia. Danish Energy Agency.
- 7. WASTE GENERATION AND COLLECTION IN BATAM Batam’s Waste Data Waste data – Batam City (2019-2022) Waste generated/handled Indicator Actual data (SIPSN) Target (2025) Waste generated (2019) tons. p.a. 486,322 Waste generated (2022) tons. p.a. 413,462 Waste reduced (2019- 2022) tons. p.a. 72,86 Waste reduction rate % 15 30 Waste handled, total (2022) tons. p.a. 310,656 - TPA tons. p.a. 310,277 - TPS 3R tons. p.a. 379 Waste handling rate % 75 70 15% reduction of household waste 2019 - 2022. 30% by 2025 (DLH Batam Interview, 2022).
- 8. Waste Management Flow in Indonesia WASTE INFRASTRUCTURE IN BATAM
- 9. Waste Management Flow in Indonesia Purnajaya, A. R., & Hanggara, F. D. (2020). Optimizationof Municipal Solid Waste Transporter in Batam City using Genetic Algorithm. Journal of Physics, 1566, 012067. https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1566/1/012067 Sekupang District’s waste transportation system could only move about 95 tons of waste every day WASTE INFRASTRUCTURE IN BATAM f) Rickshaws/pedicab e) pickups Gustiabani, Z., & Lingga, Y. (2023). Issues Relating to Waste Transport System In Sekupang Batam City. Sigma Teknika, 6(1).
- 10. TPA Telaga Punggur TPA Telaga Punggur – existing landfill area Reserved area for construction • Telaga Punggur, which is the only landfill in Batam, handles most of the solid waste in Batam. • The landfill has been in operation since 1997 and is managed by a special environmental service unit of DLH Batam • TPA Telaga Punggur handled 310,276 tons waste in 2022 WASTE INFRASTRUCTURE IN BATAM
- 11. Waste Banks and Recycling Centers 1) Waste bank units (Bank Sampah Unit, “BSU”), 475 Kg waste/year 2) Large waste banks (Bank Sampah Induk, “BSI”), 383,250 Kg waste/year Waste bank in Nongsa Sub District TPS 3R and composting facility in Tiban Lama (DLH Batam, 2022) The waste bank in Batam City is performing well, with consistent efforts having a significant impact on social engineering. Some institutions support it, but they lack synergy. There is a need for an integrated approach to coordinate the efforts of various supporting institutions for the waste bank to reach the level of success seen in Java. Kurnianingsih, F., Zulkarnain, I., & Okparizan. (2021). Social Engineering Attempt with Inter-Organization Participation of Waste Bank Program in Batam City. International Research Journal of Advanced Engineering and Science, 6(3), 64–69. WASTE INFRASTRUCTURE IN BATAM
- 12. Roles of DLH Batam, Bappelitbangda, and. BP Batam ADMINISTRATION OF BATAM’S WASTE • Batam’s solid waste policies • Operational activities of the waste sector, including transport, collection, and disposal/processing of waste • Waste management of the landfill in TPA Telaga Punggur • Ensure that waste facilities fulfil regulatory requirements and safety standards. • Holds the regulating authority when it comes to issuing environmental permits for solid waste infrastructure. • Leading the long-term development planning of Batam. • Coordination of infrastructure investments with respect to fulfilment of government programs and policies. • Assuming a long-term view on the resiliency of waste infrastructure with respect to population growth and economic growth in Batam. • Regulating and managing hazardous waste and wastewater in Batam. • Support the growth of industries that prioritize environmentally friendly waste management practices. • Collaboration with Local Government and Relevant Agencies:
- 13. Retribution fee collection ADMINISTRATION OF BATAM’S WASTE Manuall collection of retribution fees In 2021, non-cash payments has proven successful in increasing waste retribution revenue by 20% Aris. (2022, July 17). Bayar retribusi sampah kini bisa non tunai - Metropolis. Metropolis. https://metro.batampos.co.id/bayar-retribusi- sampah-kini-bisa-non-tunai/ Sekupang sub-district was the first project to install barcode stickers on housing
- 14. Waste Ends WASTE IN COASTAL SEA AND ISLANDS Adicita, Y., Sari, M., Darwin, Hafifah, Ulhasanah, N., Sianipar, I., Tehupeiory, Septiariva, I., & Suryawan, I. W. (2022). Kajian Pengelolaan Sampah Perkotaan pada Pulau Kecil Padat Penduduk di Pulau Lengkang, Kota Batam. Jurnal Wilayah Dan Lingkungan, 10(3). https://doi.org/10.14710/jwl Pungur Landfill, TP R3; 72.7% Sea, Rivers, Lake; 13.8% Burned in open dump; 13.5% Lengkang Island Batam’s Waste End We are committed to reducing 70% of marine plastic debris by 2025 Diamanty Meiliana. (2022). Jokowi: Indonesia Berkomitmen Kurangi 70 Persen Sampah Plastik di Laut. Retrieved September 18, 2023, from KOMPAS.com The average amount of waste in the marine waters of Lengkang Island is 19.5±3.7 kg/m2. As much as 64% of the waste that is thrown into the sea is plastic waste, and the rest consists of paper/cardboard, rubber, and wood. Managed waste is usually illegally stockpiled and collected in temporary shelters (TPS) and then burned.
- 15. A Research Project of BIMA Kemendikbud Grant MARINE WASTE MANAGEMENT WITH IOT AND ML Tanjung Uma (Lubuk Baja Sub District) Al-Zaidi R, Woods J, Al-Khalidi M, Alheeti KMA, McDonald-Maier K. (2017). Next generation marine data networks in an IoT environment. 2017 2nd Int Conf Fog Mob Edge Comput FMEC. 2017;50–5.. Semi-automated human-powered marine nets has the potential to be an alternative solution for marine debris management 2023 2024 2025 2026 2027 Marine nets IoT and ML-based debris object identification IoT & ML Mobile Apps Garbage Boat Robot Boat A 5 years Project
- 16. Potential Partners for Collaboration SUPPORTING NGO AND INDUSTRY It is a company based in Batam, that focuses on recycling plastic waste into economically valuable products. They work with local communities to collect plastic bottles from households and upcycle them into coffee makers https://www.freethesea.com/ SCS is organization that aims to reduce plastic waste and create a cleaner ocean. Their goal in Batam, is to remove the plastic waste currently polluting the coastal communal and river environment They work with local communities to collect and manage the plastic waste and aim to intercept it before it reaches the ocean by implementing household collection and raising awareness. https://www.sevencleanseas.com/
- 17. Idea of Solution with Technology RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT ISSUES 1. Automatically and optimalizing collecting the waste as much as possible using IoT, and Blockchain. 2. Classifying the waste at the temporary waste bank through out the final landfill using machine learning. 3. Reused, recycle, refabrication the waste through the development of micro plant 4.0 (Small Medium Enterprise).
- 18. CONCLUSIONS Batam is expected to generate around 2,000 tons of waste daily by 2025, with a substantial portion coming from households. The landfill in Batam, Telaga Punggur, is approaching its maximum capacity, and there is a need for investment in waste transporters to improve waste handling rates. Initiatives like waste banks and digital retribution payment apps aim to improve waste management efficiency in Batam A significant portion of waste in Batam is not properly managed, with some ending up in the sea, rivers, and lakes, despite being illegal. Semi-automated marine nets, manually operated to capture debris and equipped with IoT and ML-based object identification, offers an effective and efficient solution for marine debris management Organizations like Seven Clean Seas and PT Free the Sea are actively working to address plastic waste pollution in Batam's coastal and river areas.
- 19. THANKS FOR WATCHING! Tel: 123-456-7890 Web Site: www.yourwebsite.com E-mail: your@email.com
- 20. 🔭 TOPICS 🔭 🌱 Advanced materials 🌱 Computer Science 🌱 Industrial & Engineering Management 🌱 Art & Design. 📢 CALL FOR PAPERS 📢 Important Dates: 🔸 Abstract Submission Deadline (September 30, 2023) 🔸 Abstract Acceptance Notification (October 7, 2023) 🔸 Early Bird Payment Deadline (October 11, 2023) 🔸 Normal Payment Deadline (October 18, 2023) 🔸 Full Paper Submission (November 2, 2023) 🔸 Conference days (November 9-10, 2023) 📑 PUBLICATIONS 📑 📌 All papers will be published in the Conference Proceedings. 📌 Selected papers will have the opportunity to be published in Scopus Indexed Journals and Book Chapters with Additional Fees. ✍ *REGISTRATION *✍ For registration and submission, please visit our website: https://icgi.iteba.ac.id Register at https://forms.gle/bDaWsNNigAiyMS1a9 ℹ MORE INFORMATIONℹ Dr. Reski Septiana, S.T., M.T Chairman of Registration Unit ICGI 2023 Email: icgi@iteba.ac.id APPENDI X
Editor's Notes
- Location and Size: Batam is a roughly oval-shaped island located west of Bintan Island, south of Singapore, north of Rempang and Galang, and east of Bulang Island. It is situated in the Riau region of Indonesia, within the Asia continent. The precise coordinates are approximately 1.1494° N latitude and 104.0249° E longitude. Batam, an island in Indonesia, holds significant importance in the regional context due to several key factors: Special Economic Zone (SEZ): Batam is designated as a Special Economic Zone, attracting foreign investments and industries. Its development as an SEZ has contributed to its economic growth and made it a regional economic powerhouse[. Strategic Location: Batam's proximity to Singapore and Malaysia places it in the Indonesia–Malaysia–Singapore Growth Triangle, making it a key part of regional economic cooperation and trade. Its location as an emerging transport hub and free trade zone enhances its regional importance[4]. Economic Resilience: Batam's development as an industrial hub, particularly in the electronics and manufacturing sectors, has contributed to the economic resilience of the region. However, it has also faced challenges and changes in its economic landscape over time. Population: As of 2023, Batam's estimated population is approximately 1,748,142. Over the years, Batam has experienced significant population growth, with an annual change of about 3.75%.
- Population growth affects waste generation in the future. According to Batam City Environmental Agency (DLH Batam), Batam is expected to reach a daily waste generation of 2,000 tons in 2025. Of that ~60% is expected to come from households. A large amount of the waste, which is generated in Batam, is currently not handled by the system. According to the local development plan (RKPD) of Batam City government, 13.8% of waste ends in the sea, rivers, and lakes, while 13.5% of waste is burned in open dumps around the island (Bapetlitbangda Kota Batam, 2022). This happens even though open dumping is illegal and subject to economic penalties. Like other regions in Indonesia, Batam’s system for solid waste management is dominated by landfilling. Telaga Punggur landfill is Batam’s only landfill and it handles a daily volume of 800-1,100 tons of waste. The landfill area is 20 ha, and the landfill is soon reaching maximum capacity (TPA Telaga Punggur Interview, 2022)
- From a local government perspective, data is important to measure progress on waste management and to provide the basis for political priorities and decision making. In the context of Batam, the availability of data is important in relation to realizing the targets of 70% waste handling and 30% waste reduction rate in 2025 compared to 2019, as stated in the waste management regulation Batam generated 413,462 tons of waste in 2022. With a population of 1.196 million (2020 Census data), the average generated waste per capita per day was 0.95 kg in 2022. In comparison, the total waste volume of Batam was 486,322 in 2019, corresponding to a 15% reduction from 2019 to 2022. Batam is thus halfway in fulfilling the waste management target of 30% reduction by 2025. Collection and management of waste data is administered by the environmental agencies of the national and sub-national governments. The national data system is also known as SIPSN (Sistem Informasi Pengelolaan Sampah Nasional). Regional data on Batam’s waste sector can be retrieved directly through DLH of Batam City (the environmental agency of Batam City). Due to the delegation of autonomy when it comes to waste handling, the environmental agencies rely on support from villages and community organizations for submission of waste data. The average waste handling rate over the 9-year period is 72% and there has only been a small increase from 2011 to 2019. The handling rate peaked in 2016 with 102% but drops again in the following years. The explanation behind the peak is that the total waste collected in this year is both waste generated in 2016 and waste, which has accumulated from previous years (DLH Batam Interview, 2022).
- The waste management process described for Batam, Indonesia, follows a typical pattern seen in many parts of the country. Here's a summary of the key steps: 1. Primary Waste Collection: Waste is initially collected from households in villages. This primary waste collection is the responsibility of the community organizations (CSOs). 2. Temporary Collection Points (TPS): The collected waste is taken to temporary collection points (TPS), which are simple containers. This is where the waste is temporarily stored before further processing. 3. Source Separation and Waste Banks: Some villages in Batam practice source separation of household waste. This means that recyclable materials are separated from non-recyclables. These recyclables are taken to waste banks, where they are sorted and prepared for sale in the market. 4. Revenue Generation: The revenue generated from the sale of recyclable waste is saved in deposit accounts managed by the waste bank. These accounts are accessible to households that have provided the waste. Households can withdraw the value from their savings accounts when needed. 5. Transfer to Final Disposal:The remaining waste (non-recyclables and mixed waste) from the TPS containers is transferred to the final disposal site, which is typically a landfill (TPA). This transfer is handled by the Department of Environment and Hygiene (DLH) of Batam City, with support from the districts. 6. Advanced Recycling Facilities (TP3R/TSTS): In rare cases, local governments may divert a portion of the mixed waste stream to more advanced recycling facilities known as TP3R (Tempat Pengelolaan Pemilahan, Pengolahan dan Pengendalian) or TSTS (Tempat Sementara Transfer Sampah). These facilities are equipped for more thorough waste sorting and recycling. 7. Landfilling: The vast majority of the collected waste, however, ends up at landfills. This is the final destination for most of the waste, where it is disposed of in accordance with waste management regulations. The waste management process illustrated here reflects the common practices in Indonesia, with an emphasis on community involvement, source separation, and recycling efforts. It's important to note that waste management practices can vary between regions and may be subject to change based on local policies and initiatives.
- Batam has 67 TPS facilities in 9 districts, 54 dump trucks, 44 arm roll trucks, 100 pickups and 40 pedicab. Rickshaws and pickups have much lower designed capacities and therefore need to carry more loads per day to handle the same amount of waste. Assuming pickups carry 4 loads per day and rickshaws carry 6 loads per day, the daily transport capacity of arm rolls and rickshaws is 746 tons/day. An overview of waste transported in % of waste generated is provided in Table. It is assumed that each transporter drives once a day. Besides, it is assumed that compactors, dump trucks and armrolls are used for transport of waste from TPS facilities to TPA and TPS 3R, while pick-ups and rickshaws are assumed to be used for transport of waste from source to TPS facilities. The calculated handling capacity is slightly lower than the waste handling rate of 75% reported by DLH Batam. One of the explanations could be that dump trucks carry more than one load per day. To increase the waste handling rate of Batam, investments in transporters is expected to be required, especially transporters used to transfer waste from source to TPS facilities. Considering the historic variation in waste handling rates in Batam City (see Figure 7), investors will be concerned about the availability of waste infrastructure for collection and transfer of waste to their facility. As a result, investors will most likely require a Put- or-Pay Agreement where the government commits to compensate the investors in case of waste supply scarcity.
- Telaga Punggur, which is the only landfill in Batam, handles most of the solid waste in Batam. The landfill has been in operation since 1997 and is managed by a special environmental service unit of DLH Batam. The daily waste volume of Telaga Punggur is 850-1,100 tons/day, summing up to 310-401,000 tons waste per year (TPA Telaga Punggur Interview, 2022). According to SIPSN, TPA Telaga Punggur handled 310,276 tons waste in 2022. The total land fill area is 48 ha, and 20 ha is currently in operation. The landfill is reaching capacity and has therefore started development of a 4-ha new cell. Including the 4-ha in the operating landfill area, TPA Telaga Punggur is expected to have reached full capacity within 5 years. The landfill area currently in operation is shown in Illustration and the 4-ha planned expansion area is shown in Illustration. The existing landfill area of Telaga Punggur is run as a controlled landfill and the 4-ha new cell will have status as sanitary landfill. Budgetary constraints are currently stalling the development process of the landfill. The estimated costs of constructing the new 4-ha cell that fulfils the criteria of a sanitary landfill is estimated to be 1.3 million USD (20 billion IDR). Besides from the higher up- front investment costs of constructing a sanitary landfill, compared to a controlled landfill, additional budget is also required for operation and maintenance due to stricter requirements concerning leachate control, waste covers and LFG recovery. TPA Telaga Punggur landfill has an additional 12 ha, which is permitted for waste handling and treatment. This area could be used for waste incineration or other WtE technologies.
- In addition to the landfill, Batam’s waste management system comprises of waste banks. Waste banks receive pre-sorted inorganic waste from villages. When households deliver their waste, households are paid a small amount, which depends on the condition of the incoming waste and the corresponding market value. As the name indicates, these facilities operate as “banks” where households have the option to save their money in a deposits account and later withdraw money. Waste banks in Batam are divided into two categories: 1) waste bank units (Bank Sampah Unit, “BSU”) and 2) large waste banks (Bank Sampah Induk, “BSI”). The BSUs are smaller waste banks, which receive smaller volumes of waste per year (average: 475 kg waste/year). The large waste bank (BSI) receives 383,250 kg waste/year. According to DLH Batam, Batam has 197 active waste bank units, most of which are managed by community groups as shown in Table. Meanwhile, according to the SIPSN database (SISPN, n.d.), DLH Batam has one large waste bank handling 1,095 tons of waste per year and 10 waste bank units with an average capacity of 9 tons/year. Batam has one composting facility/TPS 3R facility (Illustration), which processes separated organic waste into fertilizer. The facility has been in operation since 2017 and has a daily volume of 400 kg. organic waste. The compost is sold to various customers at 0.2 USD/kg (3,000 IDR/kg). The waste bank in Batam City is performing well, with consistent efforts having a significant impact on social engineering. Some institutions support it, but they lack synergy. There is a need for an integrated approach to coordinate the efforts of various supporting institutions for the waste bank to reach the level of success seen in Java.
- DLH Batam has the implementation responsibility for Batam’s solid waste policies and is responsible for the operational activities of the waste sector, including transport, collection, and disposal/processing of waste. The landfill in TPA Telaga Punggur is run by a waste management implementation unit (UPTD) under DLH Batam. It is DLH Batam’s responsibility to ensure that waste facilities fulfil regulatory requirements and safety standards. DLH Batam also holds the regulating authority when it comes to issuing environmental permits for solid waste infrastructure. With support from DLH Batam and other specialized agencies, Bappelitbangda is leading the long-term development planning of Batam. Coordination of infrastructure investments with respect to fulfilment of government programs and policies is one of the tasks of Bappelitbangda. This also includes assuming a long-term view on the resiliency of waste infrastructure with respect to population growth and economic growth in Batam. While DLH Batam assumes responsibility for solid waste management, BP Batam is regulating and managing hazardous waste and wastewater in Batam. This division of responsibilities within the waste sector can pose a challenge for investors in WtE. Challenges may relate to potential delays in the permitting processes, since two different agencies sit on the regulating authority.
- Households and other waste generators pay retribution fees, which is a monthly charge paid to the government for waste management services. The collection of retributions is handled by retributions officers, who are employed directly by DLH Batam. Retributions from households are paid in cash and collected manually and subsequently deposited in the bank account of the regional treasury of Batam (see Figure). This manual collection process is ineffective, highly resource intensive and creates a risk of fraud. Since 2018, DLH Batam environmental service unit has offered a digital retribution payment app called “E-retribusi” to three sub-districts in Batam (Lubuk Baja, Sekupang and Batam City). With this app, waste generators can pay retribution fees digitally, potentially lowering administration expenses of DLH Batam. Sekupang sub-district was the first project to install barcode stickers on housing. Through this system, in 2021 DLH has proven successful in increasing waste retribution revenue by 20 percent. This figure is an increase when compared to payment using tickets.
- According to the local development plan (RKPD) of Batam City government, 13.8% of waste ends in the sea, rivers, and lakes, while 13.5% of waste is burned in open dumps around the island (Bapetlitbangda Kota Batam, 2022). This happens even though open dumping is illegal and subject to economic penalties. The lack of waste management facilities on Lengkang Island causes many residents to dispose of waste into the environment inappropriately. The most common behavior is throwing garbage into the sea, causing the high accumulation of waste to reach 19.5 ± 3.7 kg / m2. Of the total accumulation, 64% was plastic waste. Waste management planning on Lengkang Island must be carried out one by one where from collection, transportation, to the most appropriate processing. President Joko Widodo said that Indonesia is committed to reducing 70 percent of plastic waste in the sea by 2025. This was conveyed in his speech at the One Ocean Summit (11/2/2022). He revealed that the utilization of 1,000 tons of marine waste per day as raw material for power plants can be converted into 10 megawatts of electricity. Jokowi continued, Indonesia also has a commitment to achieve the target of 32.5 million hectares of marine protected areas by 2030.
- Currently, we received a Grant for a research project from BIMA Ministry of Education and Culture for 5 years in developing a waste management system based on IoT and ML. The use of semi-automated, human-powered marine nets has the potential to be an alternative solution for marine debris management. In this system, marine nets will be placed around known locations of debris, and then manually operated by personnel to catch the debris floating on the surface of the sea. After the capture process, the debris trapped in the nets will be disposed of in a temporary disposal site equipped with IoT and ML-based debris object identification tools. Thus, the process of collecting marine debris can be done more effectively and efficiently, so that the aquatic environment can be well maintained.
- Seven Clean Seas is organization that aims to reduce plastic waste and create a cleaner ocean. Their goal in Batam, similar to Bintan, is to remove the plastic waste currently polluting the coastal communal and river environment. They work with local communities to collect and manage the plastic waste and aim to intercept it before it reaches the ocean by implementing household collection and raising awareness. Thay w0rking now in Tanjung Uma and Setokok The lack of waste management services means that households often have no other means than to dump the solid waste directly into the ocean which comes in as tides underneath the houses. However, over the years the waste has amounted to more than what the tide can sweep out to sea, and as such the plastic waste collates in rising layers under and next to the homes. These layers of plastic waste in turn create small pools of stagnant polluted water (as the tide can no longer reach) wherein mosquitoes thrive – exposing the already vulnerable communities to an advertently high risk of mosquito-borne diseases such as Dengue. Tanjung Uma is already one of the communities in Batam with the highest reported rate of Dengue. Removing the plastic waste from these community areas will thus also result in a significant health improvement. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- PT Free the Sea is a company based in Batam, that focuses on recycling plastic waste into economically valuable products. They work with local communities to collect plastic bottles from households and upcycle them into coffee makers.