7. Distillation:
• It is the process of separating the components or
substances from a liquid mixture by using selective
boiling and condensation.
• Examples of uses of distillation include purification
of alcohol, desalination, crude oil refining, and
making liquefied gases from air.
• There are three essential pieces of distillation
equipment needed to carry out the process;
Reboiler or Pot – Used to heat the source liquid.
Condenser – The heated vapour is cooled back to
a liquid state. Receiver Flask – The device into
which the concentrate/distillate is collected.
11. Filtration:
• Filtration is a physical separation process that separates solid matter
and fluid from a mixture using a filter medium that has a complex
structure through which only the fluid can pass.
• Filtration is extremely important to keep things like water, chemicals,
and pharmaceuticals clean, pure and free of contaminants.
• If it wasn't for filtration, we might not have safe drinking water,
because it plays a crucial role in eliminating sediment, sand, gravel,
carbon and other suspended particles.
