MBA FINAL PROJECT 2021 RECHECKED.pdf

A STUDY ON INVESTMENT
PREFERENCE AMONG PRIVATE AND
GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEES
Project report submitted in partial fulfilment of the
requirements for the award of the degree of
MASTER OF BUSINESS ADMINISTRATION
of
BENGALURU NORTH UNIVERSITY
By
ALPHIN JOSEPH
Reg. No. 20MG602059
School of Management
KRISTU JAYANTI COLLEGE, AUTONOMOUS
Bengaluru – 560077
2020-2022

DECLARATION
I Alphin joseph 20MG602059, hereby declare that the project work entitled “A
study on Investment preference among private and government employee” is an
original study carried out by me, under the guidance of Dr J Peter Leo Deepak.
This project report has not been submitted earlier either to this University /
Institution or any other body for the fulfilment of the requirement of a course of
study.
Alphin Joseph
Bengaluru
Date

TABLE OF CONTENT
CHAPTERⅠ:INTRODUCTION .................................................................................12
1.1 Savings And Investment ............................................................................... 12
1.2 Investment.....................................................................................................13
1.3 Various Types Of Investment ....................................................................... 13
CHAPTER Ⅱ: REVIEW OF LITERATURE ANDRESEARCH DESIGN..................7
2.2 Statement Of Problem ................................................................................... 10
2.3 Objectives Of Study......................................................................................10
2.4 Scope Of The Study ......................................................................................11
2.5 Research Methadology Sources Of Data....................................................... 11
2.6 Hypothesis..................................................................................................... 11
2.7 Limitation Of The Study...............................................................................12
2.8 Scheme Of Study........................................................................................... 12
CHAPTER Ⅲ: ORGANISATIONAL STUDY ................................................... 13
3.1 Company Profile ........................................................................................... 13
3.2 Mission Of IBS ............................................................................................. 14
3.3 Core Purpose Of IBS................................................................................... 14
3.4 Core Values ..................................................................................................14
3.5 IBS Vision & Strategy .................................................................................. 14
3.6 Customers .....................................................................................................15
3.7 Competitors,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,,16
CHAPTER Ⅳ: ANALYSIS AND INTERPERTATION ......................................20
4.1 : Demographic Data ......................................................................................20
4.2 : Relationship Between Level Of Risk And Gender ................................... 23
4.3 Frequency Table ...........................................................................................30
4.5 Independent Sample T Test........................................................................... 57

CHAPTER Ⅴ: FINDINGS, SUGGESTIONS AND CONCLUSIONS ......................60
5.1 Findings....................................................................................................... 60
5.2 Suggestions...................................................................................................64
5.3 Conclusion ....................................................................................................64
Bibliography ................................................................................................................ 66
Appendix .....................................................................................................................68

LIST OF TABLES
Table 4.1.1 Gender of the Respondent 20
Table 4.1.2
Age and Educational
Qualification (cross
tabulation)
20
Table 4.1.3
Monthly Income and
Employed sector (cross
tabulation)
21
Table 4.1.4
Age and opinion (is savings
and investment are same)
cross tabulation
21
Table 4.1.5
Employed sector and opinion
(cross tabulation)
22
Table 4.1.6
Pension Scheme and
Employed sector (cross
tabulation)
22
Table 4.2.1
Level of Risk for Fixed
deposit and Gender
Crosstabulation
23
Table 4.2.2
Level of Risk for saving
deposit and gender (cross
tabulation)
23
Table 4.2.3
Level of Risk for Equity
shares and gender (cross
tabulation)
24
Table 4.2.4
Level of Risk for Other
schemes and gender (cross
tabulation)
25
Table 4.2.5
Level of Risk for Insurance
and gender (Crosstabulation)
26
Table 4.2.6
Level of Risk for Private
chits and gender
(Crosstabulation)
27

Table 4.2.7
Level of Risk for
Government Bonds gender
(Crosstabulation)
28
Table 4.2.8
Level of Risk for ULIP
gender (Crosstabulation)
29
Table 4.2.9
Level of Risk for Post office
savings gender
(Crosstabulation)
30
Table 4.2.10
level of risk for mutual fund
and gender Crosstabulation
31
Table 4.2.11
Level of Risk for Recurring
deposit gender
Crosstabulation
32
Table 4.3.1 Preference for Fixed deposit 33
Table 4.3.2
Preference for Recurring
Deposit
33
Table 4.3.3 Preference for Saving deposit 34
Table 4.3.4 preference for Equity Shares 35
Table 4.3.5 preference for ULIP 35
Table 4.3.6
preference for Government
Bonds
36
Table 4.3.7 Preference for private chits 37
Table 4.3.8 preference for Insurance 38
Table 4.3.9 preference for other 39
Table 4.3.10 Time of investing 39
Table 4.3.11
Motivating rate for higher
liquidity
40
Table 4.3.12
Motivating rate for safety of
money
41
Table 4.3.13
Motivating rate for regular
return
41
Table 4.3.14
Motivating rate for high
return
42

Table 4.3.15
Motivating Rate For Long
Term Benefits
43
Table 4.3.16
Motivating Rate For Capital
Appreciation
44
Table 4.3.17
Motivating Rate For Tax
Benefits
45
Table 4.3.18
Motivating Rate For Social
Prestige Value
46
Table 4.3.19
Motivating Rate For Future
Security
46
Table 4.3.20
Motivating Rate For Low
Risk
47
Table 4.3.21
Motivating Rate For Past
Performance
48
Table 4.3.22 Motivating Rate for Others 48
Table 4.3.23
Preference After Retirement
For Fixed Deposit
49
Table 4.3.24
For Recurring Deposit
50
Table 4.3.25
For Savings Deposit
50
Table 4.3.26
For Equity Shares
51
Table 4.3.27
preference after retirement
for mutual funds
52
Table 4.3.28
For Post Office Savings
52
Table 4.3.29
For Fixed Deposit
53
Table 4.3.30
For Government Bonds
54
Table 4.3.31
For Private Chits
54

Table 4.3.32
For Fixed Deposit
55
Table 4.3.33
For Others
56
Table 4.4.1
Relationship Between Age
And Preference Level
(Anova)
56
Table 4.4.2
Relationship between age and
motivating factor
57
Table 4.4.3
level of risk chosen
57
Table 4.4.4
retirement plan
58
Table 4.4.5
Relationship between
monthly income and
preference for investment
58
Table 4.4.6
Relationship between
monthly income and level of
risk
59
Table 4.4.7
Relationship between type of
job and preference for
investment
59
Table 4.4.8
job and level of risk
60
Table 4.4.9
job and Retirement plan
60
Table 4.5.1
Preference Factor Of
Investment Schemes Among
Men And Women(Average)
61
Table 4.5.2
Level of Risk Factor of
Investment Schemes Among
Men And Women(Average)
62

LIST OF FIGURES
Figure:1
Preference for fixed deposit
31
Figure: 2
Preference for Recurring Deposit
31
Figure: 3 Preference for Saving deposit 34
Figure: 4 preference for Equity Shares 35
Figure: 5 preference for ULIP 36
Figure 6 preference for Government Bonds 37
Figure: 7 Preference for private chits 38
Figure: 8 preference for Insurance 38
Figure: 9 preference for other 39
Figure: 10 Time of investing 40
Figure: 11 Motivating rate for higher liquidity 40
Figure: 12 Motivating rate for safety of money 41
Figure: 13 Motivating rate for regular return 42
Figure: 14 Motivating rate for high return 43
Figure: 15 Motivating Rate For Long Term Benefits 44
Figure: 16 Motivating Rate For Capital Appreciation 45
Figure 17 Motivating Rate For Tax Benefits 45
Figure 18 Motivating Rate For Social Prestige Value 46
Figure 19 Motivating Rate For Future Security 47
Figure 20 Motivating Rate For Low Risk 47
Figure 21 Motivating Rate For Past Performance 48
Figure 22 Motivating Rate for Others 49
Figure 23
Preference After Retirement For Fixed
Deposit
49
Figure 24
Preference After Retirement For Recurring
Deposit
50
Figure 25
Preference After Retirement For Savings
Deposit
51

Figure 26
Preference After Retirement For Equity
Shares
51
Figure 27 preference after retirement for mutual funds 52
Figure 28
Preference After Retirement For Post Office
Savings
53
Figure 29
Deposit
53
Figure 30
Preference After Retirement For Government
Bonds
54
Figure: 31 Preference After Retirement For Private Chits 55
Figure 32
Deposit
55
Figure 33 Preference After Retirement For Others 56

ABSTRACT
The economic cycles of boom, recession, depression and recovery not only effect
the level of GDP but also the income of the households and hence the saving ratio
and investment behaviour. So it is important to understand the savings and
investment both of which contribute to the economic development. If the country’s
savings and investment is improved then it paves the path for the development of
both money market as well as economy. So savings form the backbone for
investment and this means, higher the savings higher the investment. An economy
can have different forms of savings of which household financial savings constitute
the largest share in aggregate domestic savings. Other forms of savings comprise
physical savings by households, savings by the private corporate sector and savings
by the public sector as measured by the magnitude of the current account balance .
The aim of savings and investment by any household or corporate is to maximize
the return out of the savings and invest it with minimum risk. They trade off between
the risk and return prior to investment. Moreover the economy’s development
depends on investor’s mode of savings. Keeping pace with the changing times and
under the liberalized financial sector regime, the financial institutions are also
decorated with innovative instruments to meet the growing demand of modern
investors. But this innovative and diversified financial system does not decrease the
demand of traditional means of investment. Common problems faced by the
individual households as both the Government and private sector employees while
thinking of investments are, lack of awareness and knowledge, blind faith and lack
of financial inclusion. There are various TV shows, investments web sites, wealth
management firms, newspapers, magazines and journals which provide guidelines
on investment. Still, many households are not investing their funds in proper
investment avenues.

1
CHAPTER Ⅰ: INTRODUCTION
1.1 Savings And Investment
Savings and investments are always essential for mankind. Study on investment
management starts with the question of what investment is. Investment is the
allocation of money in various assets with an expectation of positivereturn in future.
For a person who has lent money to another, it may be an investment for a return.
Similarly, if a person purchases shares of a company, bullion or real estate for the
purpose of price appreciation, it is an investment for him. Likewise, for the purchaser
of a pension policy or an insurance policy, it serves as an investment for him.
investment is a commitment of funds for earnings additional income. In other words,
investment is considered the sacrifice of certain present value of money in
anticipation of a reward. Financial investment means employment of funds in the form
of assets with the objects of earning additional income or appreciation in the value of
investment in future. Assets which are the subject matter of investment may be
varying between safe and risky ones. Certain investment like bank deposits, post
office certificates, company deposits, life insurance, mutual fund, chit fund and real
estate etc. will generate income only. If the investments are made in land and building
or shares of a company, it will make capital appreciation along with the income.
Investments whose values are
fluctuating and Whose return are uncertain are considered as risky investments. Hedge
funds, real estate-based securities, Private company investments etc. are some among
them. Bank deposits, post office savings etc. are considered as low riskyinvestments.
The financial and non-financial products act as an avenue for investment and provide
the security to the investors based on the risk- return profile of the products. In modern
financial environment there are various choices of investments. Out of the available
choices for investment, one must select the most appropriate and the best one. The
person investing should be aware of all the investment choices and how these can be
chosen for the purpose of attaining the objective. The Attitude of various people
towards investment depend upon different features. Stability of income, job security,
Annual Income etc. are some of them. This particular study deals with theinvestment
attitude of two groups of salaried people who are working in different sectors,
government and corporate sector. This study helps in analyzing the saving pattern and
investment preferences of salaried

2
people on these two sectors and find out the attitude of each group towards high and
low risky investment.
1.2 Investment
The purpose of investing is to generate income and increase the value of an asset over
time. Any mechanism for earning future income might be referred to as an investment.
This involves, for example, the acquisition of bonds, stocks, or real estate property.
Buying a property that can be used to manufacture things can also be considered an
investment. Any activity made in the hopes of increasing future revenue might be
considered an investment in general. When it comes to pursuing extra education, for
example, the goal is frequently to broaden one's knowledge and improve one's skills (in
the hopes of ultimately producing more income).
Because investing is oriented toward the potential for future growth or income, there is
always a certain level of risk associated with an investment. An investment may not
generate any income, or may actually lose value over time. For example, it's also a
possibility that you will invest in a company that ends up going bankrupt or a project
that fails to materialize. This is the primary way that saving can be differentiated from
investing: saving is accumulating money for future use and entails no risk, whereas
investment is the act of leveraging money for a potential future gain and it entails some
risk.
Within a country or a nation, economic growth is related to investments. When
companies and other entities engage in sound business investment practices, it typically
results in economic growth.
1.3 Various Types Of Investment
There are various types investment avenues are available for people in today’s world.
Every one who considers for an investment must analyse the return from the investment
and risk associate with each investment. Various types of investment avenues are Fixed
deposits, Recurring deposits, savings deposit, Equity shares, Mutual funds, post office
savings, ULIP, government bonds, private chits, insurance schemes and plenty of other
schemes.

3
Fixed Deposit
Fixed deposits (FDs) are term deposits that pay a high rate of interest and are offered
by banks in India. Fixed deposits are the most common type of term deposit, but
additional types include recurring deposits and Flexi Fixed deposits. FDs pay greater
interest rates than savings accounts to compensate for the lack of liquidity. For FDs, the
maximum duration allowed is ten years. In general, the greater the rate of interest, the
longer the term of the deposit; however, a bank may provide a lower rate of interest for
a longer period if it expects interest rates at which a nation's Central Bank lends to banks
will fall in the future. In India, interest on FDs is usually paid every three months from
the deposit date. Customers' interest is credited to their Savings bank accounts or mailed
to them by check.. The customer may choose to have the interest reinvested in the FD
account. For such deposits, the interest is paid with the invested amount on maturity of
the deposit at the end of the term.
Although banks can refuse to repay FDs before the expiry of the deposit, they generally
don't. This is known as a premature withdrawal. In such cases, interest is paid at the rate
applicable at the time of withdrawal. For example, a deposit is made for 5 years at 8%
but is withdrawn after 2 years. If the rate applicable on the date of deposit for 2 years is
5 percent, the interest will be paid at 5 percent. Banks can charge a penalty for premature
withdrawal.
Recurring Deposit
Recurring deposit is a special kind of term deposit offered by Indian banks whichhelp
people with regular incomes to deposit a fixed amount every month into their recurring
deposit account and earn interest at the rate applicable to fixed deposits.[1]
It is similar
to making fixed deposits of a certain amount in monthly instalments. This deposit
matures on a specific date in the future along with all the deposits made every month.
Recurring deposit schemes allow customers an opportunity to build up their savings
through regular monthly deposits of a fixed sum over a fixed period of time. The
minimum period of a recurring deposit is six months and the maximum is ten years.[

4
Saving Deposit
A savings account at a retail bank is a type of bank account. A limited number of
withdrawals, lack of check and connected debit card facilities, limited transfer choices,
and the inability to be overdrawn are all common aspects. Savings account transactions
were traditionally kept in a passbook, and were sometimes referred to as passbook
savings accounts, with no bank statements. however, similar transactions are now
regularly recorded electronically and accessible online.
People put money in savings accounts for a variety of reasons, including having a secure
place to keep their money. Savings accounts typically pay interest as well, with almost
all of them compounding interest over time. Several nations require deposit insurance
for savings accounts, and others provide a government guarantee for at least a portion
of the account value. Savings accounts come in a variety of shapes and sizes, and they
are often used for specific objectives.
Equity Shares
A company can use equity shares as a long-term financing source. These are non-
redeemable shares that are issued to the general public. Shareholders have the right to
vote, share profits, and claim a company's assets. In the case of equity shares, the value
can be expressed in a variety of ways, including par value, face value, book value, and
so on. Types of equity shares are ordinary shares, preference shares, Bonus shares and
right shares.
Mutual Funds
A mutual fund is a professionally managed investment vehicle that pools money from
a number of individuals to buy securities. The name is most commonly used in the
United States, Canada, and India, with similar structures such as the SICAV in Europe
and the open-ended investment company (OEIC) in the United Kingdom. Money
market funds, bond or fixed income funds, stock or equity funds, and hybrid funds are
some of the most common types of mutual funds. Index funds, which are passively
managed funds that follow the performance of an index, such as a stock market index
or a bond market index, or actively managed funds, which strive to outperform stock

5
market indices but incur higher fees, are two other types of funds. Open-end funds,
closed-end funds, and unit investment trusts are the most prominent mutual fund
structures.
Post Office Savings
The post office savings account is a deposit scheme provided by the post office
throughout India. The account provides a fixed interest rate on the account balance. It
is a beneficial scheme for individual investors who wish to earn a fixed rate of interest
by investing a significant portion of their financial assets.Post office savings accountis
also a very helpful scheme for those residing in rural parts of India. Since the nationwide
reach of the post offices is much greater as compared to banks, a large number of
unprivileged people have been able to get access to savings accounts through post
offices.
ULIP
A unit-linked insurance plan is essentially a combination of insurance and an investment
vehicle. The policyholder pays a portion of the premium, which is used to provide
insurance coverage, while the remainder is invested in equities and debt instruments. In
a similar way to mutual funds, the premiums received by the insurance firm providing
such plans are pooled and invested in variable mixes of debt and equity instruments.
Each policyholder can create a customised investment portfolio depending on his or her
investing needs and risk attitude. Each policyholder's Unit-Linked Insurance Plan, like
mutual funds, consists of a specific number of fund units, each of which has a daily
reported net asset value. The net asset value is the basis for calculating the net rates of
return for unit-linked insurance plans
Government Bonds
A government bond, sometimes known as a sovereign bond, is a debt instrument (bond)
issued by a government to fund government spending. It usually entails a promise to
pay periodic interest, known as coupon payments, as well as a promise to refund the
face value on the maturity date. Bonds issued by the government can be denominated
in either a foreign currency or the government's own currency. Countries with less

6
stable economies are more likely to issue bonds in the currency of a more stable one .
When governments with less stable economies issue bonds, it's possible that they won't
be able to pay the interest and will default. There is a danger of default on all bonds.
Each country's bonds are rated by international credit rating agencies. Bondholders
expect greater yields from riskier securities.
Private Chits
A chit fund is made up of a group of people known as subscribers. The group is brought
together by an organiser, a firm, or a trustworthy relative or neighbour, who oversees
the group's operations. The organiser is reimbursed either monthly or at withdrawal time
for their work. The fund begins on a certain date and runs for the number of months
specified by the number of subscribers. Subscribers deposit their monthly amounts into
the pot each month. Then an open auction is held to decide the lowest monthly sum that
a subscriber is willing to accept. If the monthly commitment is $1,000 and there are 50
members, the pot will be $50,000 in the first month. If the winner of the auction accepts
$45,000 for that month, the remaining $5,000 is divided to the other 49 members after
the organizer's fees have been deducted The subscriber who won the auction received
$45,000 in the first month, while the rest received a part of the $5,000 surplus. The
procedure is repeated each month, with the auction proceeds going to one member. All
other members, even those who received their portion the month before, continue to pay
the monthly instalments.
Because users can access significant sums of money before paying the full amount, the
system functions as a borrowing scheme. It also functions as a savings system, as each
subscriber makes a monthly contribution and can withdraw a big sum in the future while
also earning a portion of the surpluses.
Apart from these investment avenues there are other various avenues are available for
the investors in the current market.

7
CHAPTER Ⅱ: REVIEW OF LITERATURE AND RESEARCH
DESIGN
(DEVIKA JAYAPRAKASH, LINZY AJAYAN, JAYASHANKAR. J, 2017) In
this study, a broad comparison between the investment pattern of private and
government employees are made. Investment is the employment of funds with the aim
of getting return on it. The return may consist of capital gain or investment income,
including dividends, interest, rental income etc., or the combination of the two. First
step of investment is savings. This study attempts to identify investment pattern of
government and private employees. Most of the investors prefer to park their funds in
avenues like provident funds, bank deposits and insurance. The investors decision are
driven by the economic indicators such as GDP, inflation rate, government policies,
unemployment rates etc. Investors generally expect higher returns financial assets
range from low risk, low return investments, such as government bonds, to those with
higher risk and higher expected commensurate reward, such as emerging markets stock
investments. The study shows how different factors and instruments have different
risk, the returns, andtax considerations while taking investment decisions and are of
diverse natures
(GANAPATHI, 2014). The investment pattern of government employees of Madurai
city is studied in this study. Government employees in Madurai have considerable
savings as the cost of living of the City is comparatively less than other cities in Tamil
Nadu and also in India. Further nowadays the government offers better salary to the
government employees due to the policy of pay commission of the government of
India. After meeting the family requirement every month considerable amount is kept
for savings they prefer to utilize their savings in investment where they can get more
rate of return for their investment. Most of the government employees are well
educated and have more experience in various fields. But they do not have thorough
knowledgein theinvestment areatoget return fortheirinvestment. They must be given
awareness about the area of investment and rate of return from various nature of
investment.
(PROF. CA YOGESH P. PATEL, PROF. CS CHARUL Y. PATEL, 2012) This

8
research aims to study and understand the behavioral pattern of investment among the
salaried people working in private sector and the difference in perception of an
individual related to various investment alternatives. It also aims to provide an in
(V.R.Palanivelu,K.Chandrakumar, 2012) Through this study, an analysis has been
made into preferred investment avenues among salaried peoples in Namakkal Taluk,
Tamilnadu, India. The results highlight that certain factors like education level,
awareness about the current financial system, age of investors etc… make significant
impact while deciding the investment avenues. The study is based on personal
interviews with salaried peoples, using a structured questionnaire. Actually, the
present study identifies the preferred investment avenues among the individual
investors using self assessment test. The study is based on primary sources of data
which are collected by distribution of a close ended questionnaire. The data has been
analyzed using percentage and chi-square test with the help of statistical software.
(Deepak Sood,Dr. Navdeep Kaur, 2015) The objective of the study was to
determine the relationship between the savings and investments pattern among the
salaried class people of Chandigarh (India). The data was collected through structured
questionnaire distributed to 200 peoples working in different sectors at Chandigarh.
It was found from the analysis there is relationship between Annual Savings and Age,
Income, Sector wise Employment, Education of people at Chandigarh. Analysis has
been done through One Way ANOVA. It was propounded here that the most preferred
investment options are LIC and bank deposits and most of the factors influencing
investment decisions were high returns, tax benefit and safety.
(Dr.V.Ramanujam, K. Chitra Devi, 2012) This research focuses on the benefits
delivered by savings to investors. The study analysed the responses 100 respondents
of Coimbatore city, who are having different socio economic profiles. The results also
highlights that certain factors like education level, awareness about the financial
system, age of invertors etc make significant impact while deciding on the investment
patterns for investment. Further, it is observed that the level of income also influences
the investment decisions. Higher income group shows relatively high preference
towards investment in share market, conversely lower and average income group
shows keen preference towards insurance and banks as the most preferred investment
avenues.

9
(Dr. C. M. Shinde,Priyanka Zanvar, 2015) The aim of this paper is to examine the
effect of demographic factors on investor’s level of risk tolerance regarding the
choice of investment. 670 investors Pune City, Maharashtra State, India were selected
as sample. ANOVA, Mann Whiteny ‘U’ test, Kruskal- Wallis test were used to
explore the effect of demographic factors
nvestor’s level of risk tolerance regarding the choice of investment. Result of the
paper showed that demographic factors of investors such as Age, Educational
qualification, Income level, effect the investor’s level of risk tolerance. These results
are important for managers to advise their clients about better area of investment and
risk level according to their demographic profile.
(Mr. Babu K. A, Dr. Giridhar K. V, 2021) The unprecedented pandemic COVID -
19 created a havoc across the globe. All economic activities were disturbed due to
lockdown, and many people spent days without having full squares of meals. Many
migrated workers, including employees who were working in private sectorbusiness
undertakings had to lose their jobs, suffer without pay, or less pay. The drop in income
caused depletion in the savings of individuals, since they used their savings for their
consumption during pandemic. They were forced to leave their places without any
type of safety and security. Hence this research is carried out to assess the pre COVID
– 19 and post unlock period income, savings, and also investment patterns of those
individuals serving in private sector enterprises belonging to education, automobile
and telecommunication sectors.
(B.Thulasipriya, 2015) This study attempts to premeditate the investment preference
of salaried group of people using convenient sampling method. The outlook from the
employees belongs to salaried earners, and the population is fixed as 500. Instead of
studying the complete range of investors, it is focusing only one segment called
salaried Government employees. A variety of statistical tools are employed to analyze
the data like Friedman Rank Test, Chi-square, etc to identify the right relationship
among the factors related with investment. Finally, it is concluded that salaried group
nevertheless of age and annual Income, besides their occupation and marital status
they used to prefer the investment option which will provide the long term benefit
and highly secured cum profitable avenues.
(Ahmed Imran Hunjra,Haroon Bakari,Aqeel Alam,Iran Batool, 2020) The

10
objective of this study is to investigate the impact of investment knowledge and risk
perception on investment decisions. In this study, we approached 250 salaried people
working in different organizations and 184 responses were received. Results reveal
that salaried people prefer real estate assets to invest and they perceive investing in
marketable securities as a risky option. It is also found that risk perception and
knowledge about investment are positively related to investment decisions
2.2 Statement Of Problem
Investment has been considered only to the rich and salaried class in the past. s. But,
today investment has become a household world and is very popular with people from
all walks of life. Generation of savings and its conversion into capital is fundamental
to the theory of economic growth. The volume and composition of savings are
important in the process of economic development of any nation. Savings in the form
of financial assets derives its importance in a developing country like India as these
savings can be channelized into capital formation. In India, households are the largest
contributors to the national pool of savings. Their share in net domestic savings in
India remains around 75 per cent on an average. Post office schemes, mutual funds,
bank deposits, RBI bonds and share markets are some of the investment avenues
available for people. Each of the scheme varies according to the risk associate with
it. High risk portfolios possess a chance for high return whereas low risk gives low
return. In today’s financial world there are plenty of investments options available for
people. But this often creates confusion for people to choose the most appropriate
option. The level of savings and choosing of investment avenue of salaried people
differ from the sector in which they are working. Keeping this in mind, this study
focusses to find out the attitude of government sector and corporate sector employees
in choosing their investment scheme.
2.3 Objectives Of Study
• To understand the investment pattern chosen by Government and private
employees.
• To analyze the risk perception of Government and private Employees.
• To analyze the retirement planning of both groups
• To analyze the factors that influence the investment decision of private and
government employees

11
2.4 Scope Of The Study
The study area is featured by a good number of salaried employees belonging both
Government and corporate sector who have the ability to save and invest. This study
analyses the investment preferences of both groups and make a comparative study on
that. The study is making a broad analysis on how each sector look for the risky
investments. This will help the salaried class employees to plan savings and
investment towards maximizing the returns. The preference and risk perception will
help the Government, financial institution to work out the various feasible schemes
to mobilize finance from salaried class investors.
2.5 Research Methadology
Sources of data
The study is based on the primary and secondary data
Primary data
Primary data would be collected by using questionnaire from working class people of
both government and corporate sector.
Secondary data
Secondary data would be collected from various published sources like articles,
newspapers, magazines, internet etc,.
2.6 Hypothesis
Ho: There is no significant relationship between age and preference on investment
decision
Ho: There is no significant relationship between age and motivating factor
Ho: There is no significant relationship between age and level of risk
Ho: There is no significant relationship between age and retirement plan
Ho: There is no significant difference between income of the people and preference
on investment decision
Ho: There is no significant difference between type of job and preference of
investment
Ho: There is no significant difference between income of the people and level of risk
Ho: There is no significant difference between gender of the people and level of risk

12
Ho: There is no significant relationship between type of job and preference on
investment decision
2.7 Limitation Of The Study
1) The study is limited to certain group of people only
2) The study is based on the assumption that the respondent has given the correct
information
3) The sample size is limited to 200 out of which 100 is from corporate sector
and 100 from government sector
4) Since the economy and investment preferences are so large, so it is difficult to
consider all factors that will affect the investment perception of respondents.
2.8 Scheme Of Study
The entire study has arranged in the following manner
Chapter 1: Introduction
Chapter 2: Review of Literature
Chapter 3: Theoretical Framework
Chapter 4: Analysis and Interpretation of data
Chapter 5: Findings, Suggestions and Conclusion

13
CHAPTER Ⅲ: ORGANISATIONAL STUDY
3.1 Company Profile
Incorporation and History of the organization
IBS Software Services is a leading provider of new generation IT solutions to the global
Travel, Transportation and Logistics (TTL) industry. Valayil Korath Mathews is the
founder and Executive Chairman of the IBS Group. Mathews founded IBS in 1997 with
a vision to redefine the way the global travel, transportation and logistics industries
managed their business. What started as a modest entrepreneurial venture with 55
inexperienced engineers and a single customer is today a MNC serving over 170 clients
worldwide and poised to be the No. 1 IT Solution provider to the global air
transportation industry. Its headquarters is in Trivandrum. Mathews was instrumental
in IBS acquiring six international companies in Europe, USA and India during its 16-
yearjourney, which has added its portfolio of offerings to some of the best airlines,
busiest airports, leading cruise lines, top oil,& gas companies and domain lead travel
distributors & hotel groups in the world.
With over 30 years of work experience, Mathews is a thought leader and a specialistin
aviation business. He is a much sought after speaker at various aviation events including
those organized by IATA, ICAO, and AACO. Mathews holds several important
positions in government agencies, academic institutions and trade bodies in India. He is
the Executive Council Member of NASSCOM, the premier trade body of the IT-BPO
industries in ‘India and chairs several institutions including NASSCOM Regional
Council, GTECI-1 (the association of IT companies in Kerala), Trivandrum Agenda
Task Force and Trivandrum city Connect Foundation. He is a member of the Board of
Director of Kerala State Industrial Development Corporation. Investment Promotion
Council-Kerala, Kerala ICY Academy and Techno Park. Kerala. India. Mathews is also

14
the immediate past Chairman of Confederation of Indian Industry (CII), Kerala State.
He has received several awards from the Government, media and trail associations
including Management Leadership Award, Business Man of the Year Award, and the
Man of the Year Award, Millennium Leadership Award and Enterprise Excellence
Award.
IBS Software Services is a leading provider of new generation IT solutions to the global
Travel, Transportation and Logistics (TTL) Industry. In a relatively short span of time,
the Company has scripted a story of excellence and growth. From a start-up company
in 1997, IBS products and customized solutions today manage the mission critical
operations of major airlines, airports, oil and gas companies, seaports, cruise lines and
tour-operators worldwide.
Starting from humble beginnings with 55 staff at Techno Park, Trivandrum, and IBS
has grown to a multinational, currently employing over 2000 staff, doing business from
12 offices/centers around the world. Focus on the niche Travel, Transportation and
Logistics industry segments and commitment to developing new-generation technology
solutions have been the underlying factors in IBS growth. IBS currently owns IP rights
to 17 software products in the areas of airline passenger services, airline & airport
operations, airline cargo & logistics, oil & gas logistics, travel, cruise & hospitality
management and ocean and surface transportation. IBS also offers bespoke software
service in these business domains. IBS has successfully developed a new-generation
Passenger Service System and a Cargo Management System for airlines, both of which
are viable and inevitable migration options from decades-old legacy systems and help
airlines redefine their businesses.
3.2 Mission of IBS
To be a leading supplier of it solutions and services for the Travel, Transportation and
Logistics industry sectors delivering outstanding value and service.
3.3 Core Purpose of IBS
Redefining Business
3.4 Core Values
Commitment Passion, Precision, Integrity, Respect for the individual.
3.5 IBS Vision & Strategy
To become the No. 1 IT solutions company in the world for air transportation industry
by 2020, by:
• Helping airlines achieve their business goals by facilitating business process
innovation.

15
• Creating next generation IT products to support such innovative business
models, with the objective of :
1. Reducing airline’s cost of operations.
2. Enhancing its revenue and market share and improving customer
experience
• Becoming a one-stop-shop for all areas of airline’s business—passenger
services, cargo services and flight operations, including business process
outsourcing.
• Achieving schedule and cost advantage by utilizing highly scalable, cost
effective Indian IT work force.
3.6 Customers
The IBS Group (IBS) is a leading global provider of new-generation IT solutions to the
Travel, Transportation and Logistics (TTL) industry. A specialist in the domain, IBS
offers a range of products and services that manage mission-critical operations of major
airlines, airports, oil and Gas Companies, seaports, cruise lines and tour operator’s
world –wide. IBS service include technology consulting, testing, usabilityengineering,
business intelligence & date warehousing, application development, re-engineering, and
maintenance.
The various customers of IBS include:
• Makemytrip.com
• British Airways
• Cathay Pacific
• Conoco Philips
• Stanwood Hotels and Resorts
• World Pac
• MSC Cruise
• Scholastic Editions
• Malaysia Airlines
• Indigo
• Thomson Fly

17
3.8 Organizational Structure

18
3.9 SWOC Analysis
SRENGTH
3.7.1 Financial Resource
3.7.2 Well Managed Employees
3.7.3 Loyal customers
3.7.4 Political Stability
3.7.5 Single Domain
Specialization WEAKNESS
3.7.6 Competition between the employees
3.7.7 Financial Instability due to single domain in current scenario
3.7.8 Disadvantage of private enterprises compared with public
OPPORTUNITY
IT sector alone has the potential to take Indian economy to a higher level. IT has
the ability to increase efficiency and productivity of every sector of the country. The
demand for IT sector is likely to increase due to the following reasons:
3.7.9 Reduction in the price of semiconductor that in turn resulted in the
reduction in price in electronic equipment enabled more and more people
to buy computers and use it wherever possible.
3.7.10 There has been significant rise in the number of internet user and the
number is likely to increase in future. This happened due to the lowering
of broadband services and availability of large number of portable
devices. The use of internet has definitely increased the number of online
users of various services and this will surely increase in future.
3.7.11 Rapid urbanization of developing countries like India has made computer
household equipment. As a result, computer literacy has increased. Since
a large number of people still live in rural areas, there is a high probability
that the increase in the number of computer and internet user will increase
exponentially. But there are also some risks associated with this sector.
3.7.12 There is uncertainty in Global economy due to the slow recovery in many
major markets. Moreover, there is instability in major European nations.
This could lead to cut in IT budget, which will ultimately result in
declining demand.

19
3.7.13 Rules and regulations that are being implemented in major markets like
US will surely lead to a demand compression. The VISA restrictions in
US are in fact targeted at the IT industry. This step was taken to curb
outsourcing and will directly affect the demand in future.
3.7.14 Increased competition could result in price competition. Indian IT majors
like TCS, Infosys, Wipro, CTS etc. are close substitutes of each other.
Therefore, there is increasing pressure on the IT majors to make their
service different from others. This, however, will not affect the overall
demand.
3.7.15 Wage inflation and overall increase in cost could reduce the profit
margin. Appreciating rupee will further add to this problem. To deal with
this companies have to focus on increasing productivity
CHALLENGES
3.7.16 The IT sector of India needs to discard its old model of service providing
and operations. The old model popularly known as the ADM
(Application, Development and Maintenance) is obsolete. It is
imperative that the IT sector resorts to the new model of ‘outcome based
billing’ and fixed contract based services.
3.7.17 The maturity of the offshore models has created a demand among the
customers for a close proximity of the service providers, which may even
involve setting up of near shore stations for support.
3.7.18 There is a stiff competition from China, Philippines and Eastern Europe,
which are providing to be low cost and competitive countries. It is
estimated that by 2020 they will be a 20% stakeholder in the global IT
export scenario.
3.7.19 A shrinking talent pool in our country is also largely affecting the IT
sector. The number of employable graduates in the business sector is as
low as 10% to 15% while that of qualified and employable engineers is
26% only.
3.7.20 IT giants like IBM and Accenture have now opened up their own centers
in India with the same target audience as that of the Indian IT Sector.
3.7.21 The proposed development of the tier 2 and 3 cities has not gone as
planned so the entire IT sector is stagnated in the 9 major cities.

20
CHAPTER Ⅳ: ANALYSIS AND INTERPERTATION
4.1 : Demographic data
Table 4.1.1: Gender of the Respondent
Gender Frequency Percent
male
124 62.0
female
76 38.0
Among the 200-respondent 62 percent are male and 38 percent are female
Table 4.1.2: Age and Educational Qualification (cross tabulation)
Age of
the
responde
nt
Educational Qualification Total
Higher
secondary
under graduate post graduate professional others
18-21 1 8 9 1 0 19
21-25 6 51 67 8 2 134
25-35 0 6 16 10 0 32
above 35 1 6 3 5 0 15
Total 8 71 95 24 2 200
Among the respondents 8 of them have higher secondary education, 71 of them are
under graduate, 95 of them are post graduate and 24 of them have professional degree.

21
Table 4.1.3: Monthly Income and Employed sector (cross tabulation)
Monthly
income
Employed Sector Total
private government Semi government
10000-20000 46 3 1 50
21000-30000 18 7 2 27
31000-50000 30 33 3 66
51000-
100000
19 19 2 40
above
100000
14 3 0 17
Total 127 65 8 200
Among the respondent 127 are working in private sector where 65 are working in
government sector. 8 of them working as semi government employee. Among them 50
are under the category 10000-20000. 27 of them are under 21000-30000. 66 of them are
under 31000-50000. 40 of them are under 51000-100000 and 17 of them are earning
above 100000.
Table 4.1.4: Age and opinion (is savings and investment are same) cross
tabulation
Age of the respondent Opinion Total
yes no
18-21 2 17 19
21-25 24 110 134
25-35 13 19 32
above 35 5 10 15
Total 44 156 200
Among the respondents 44 of them are on the opinion that savings and investment are
same. 156 of them are on the opinion that savings and investment are not same. Thatis
majority of the respondents suggest that savings and investment are not same

22
Table 4.1.5: Employed sector and opinion (cross tabulation)
employed sector Response Total
yes no
private 21 106 127
government 20 45 65
Semi government 3 5 8
Total 44 156 200
Among all the respondents 106 private employees suggested that savings and
investment are not same whereas 21 of them says yes. 45 govt employees opted that
savings and investment are not same where 21 says yes.
Table 4.1.6: Pension Scheme and Employed sector (cross tabulation)
Employed sector Pension scheme Total
Old pension
scheme
new pension
scheme
not
applicable
private 12 25 90 127
government 25 34 6 65
Semi government 4 2 2 8
Total 41 61 98 200
Among the respondents 41 of them are covered under old pension scheme, 61 of them
covered under new pension scheme and 98 among them are not covered under any
pension scheme.

23
4.2 : RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN LEVEL OF RISK AND GENDER
Table 4.2.1: Level of Risk for Fixed deposit and Gender Crosstabulation
This table shows that 12.1% male and 18.4% females chose fixed deposit as a higher
risky investment scheme. Whereas 24.2% males and 11.8% females consider fixed
deposit as less risky investment. 28.2% males and 36.8% females consider fixed deposit
as an average risky investment scheme.
Table 4.2.2: Level of Risk for saving deposit and gender (cross tabulation)
Level of risk for Saving
deposit
Gender Total
male female
very high
Frequency 7 3 10
% 5.6% 3.9% 5.0%
high
Frequency 20 18 38
% 16.1% 23.7% 19.0%
moderate
Frequency 45 33 78
% 36.3% 43.4% 39.0%
less
Frequency 30 16 46
% 24.2% 21.1% 23.0%
very less
Frequency 22 6 28
% 17.7% 7.9% 14.0%
level of risk for Fixed
deposit
Gender Total
male female
very high
frequency 15 14 29
% 12.1% 18.4% 14.5%
high
frequency 15 15 30
% 12.1% 19.7% 15.0%
moderate
frequency 35 28 63
% 28.2% 36.8% 31.5%
less
frequency 29 10 39
% 23.4% 13.2% 19.5%
very less
frequency 30 9 39
% 24.2% 11.8% 19.5%

24
This table shows that 5.6% of males and 3.9% of females chose saving deposit as a
higher risky investment scheme. Whereas 17.7% males and 7.9% females consider
saving deposit as less risky investment. 36.3% males and 43.4% females consider fixed
deposit as an average risky investment scheme
Table 4.2.3: Level of Risk for Equity shares and gender (cross tabulation)
level of risk for Equity
shares
Gender Total
male female
very high
Frequency 20 8 28
% 16.1% 10.5% 14.0%
high
Frequency 38 27 65
% 30.6% 35.5% 32.5%
moderate
Frequency 48 30 78
% 38.7% 39.5% 39.0%
less
Frequency 16 9 25
% 12.9% 11.8% 12.5%
very less
Frequency 2 2 4
% 1.6% 2.6% 2.0%
This table shows that 16.1% of male and 10.5% of females chose equity shares as a
higher risky investment scheme. Whereas 1.6% of males and 2.6% of femalesconsider
equity shares as less risky investment. 38.7% of males and 39.5 % females consider
equity shares as an average risky investment scheme

25
Table 4.2.4: Level of Risk for Other schemes and gender (cross tabulation)
level of risk for Other
schemes
Gender Total
male female
very high
Frequency 21 11 32
% 16.9% 14.5% 16.0%
high
Frequency 24 17 41
% 19.4% 22.4% 20.5%
moderate
Frequency 65 37 102
% 52.4% 48.7% 51.0%
less
Frequency 10 5 15
% 8.1% 6.6% 7.5%
very less
Frequency 4 6 10
% 3.2% 7.9% 5.0%
This table shows that 16.9% male and 14.5% females chose others scheme as a higher
risky investment scheme. Whereas 3.2% males and 7.9% females consider other
schemes as less risky investment. 52.4% males and 48.7% females consider other
schemes as an average risky investment scheme

26
Table 4.2.5: Level of Risk for Insurance and gender (Crosstabulation)
level of risk for Insurance Gender Total
male female
very high
Frequency 11 7 18
% 8.9% 9.2% 9.0%
high
Frequency 32 19 51
% 25.8% 25.0% 25.5%
moderate
Frequency 47 35 82
% 37.9% 46.1% 41.0%
less
Frequency 25 14 39
% 20.2% 18.4% 19.5%
very less
Frequency 9 1 10
% 7.3% 1.3% 5.0%
This table shows that 8.9% male and 9.2% females chose Insurance as a higher risky
investment scheme. Whereas 7.3% males and 1.3% female consider Insurance as less
risky investment. 37.9% males and 46.1% females consider Insurance as an average
risky investment scheme

27
Table 4.2.6: Level of Risk for Private chits and gender (Crosstabulation)
level of risk for Private chits Gender Total
male female
very high
Frequency 19 9 28
% 15.3% 11.8% 14.0%
high
Frequency 42 28 70
% 33.9% 36.8% 35.0%
moderate
Frequency 40 30 70
% 32.3% 39.5% 35.0%
less
Frequency 16 9 25
% 12.9% 11.8% 12.5%
very less
Frequency 7 0 7
% 5.6% 0.0% 3.5%
This table shows that 15.3% male and 11.8% females chose Private chits as a higher
risky investment scheme. Whereas 5.6% males and no females consider Private chits as
less risky investment. 32.3% males and 39.5% females consider Private chits as an
average risky investment scheme
Table 4.2.7: Level of Risk for Government Bonds gender (Crosstabulation)
level of risk for
Government Bonds
Gender Total
male female
very high
Frequency 15 10 25
% 12.1% 13.2% 12.5%
high
Frequency 34 20 54
% 27.4% 26.3% 27.0%
moderate
Frequency 43 37 80
% 34.7% 48.7% 40.0%
less
Frequency 24 8 32
% 19.4% 10.5% 16.0%
very less
Frequency 8 1 9
% 6.5% 1.3% 4.5%

28
This table shows that 12.1% male and 13.2% females chose Government bond as a
higher risky investment scheme. Whereas 6.5% males and 1.3% female consider
Government bond as less risky investment. 34.7% males and 48.7% females consider
Government bond as an average risky investment scheme.
Table 4.2.8: Level of Risk for ULIP gender (Crosstabulation)
level of risk for ULIP Gender Total
male female
very high
Frequency 6 8 14
% 4.8% 10.5% 7.0%
high
Frequency 32 20 52
% 25.8% 26.3% 26.0%
moderate
Frequency 56 37 93
% 45.2% 48.7% 46.5%
less
Frequency 23 9 32
% 18.5% 11.8% 16.0%
very less
Frequency 7 2 9
% 5.6% 2.6% 4.5%
This table shows that 4.8 % of male and 10.5% females chose ULIP as a higher risky
investment scheme. Whereas 5.6% males and 2.6% female consider ULIP as less risky
investment. 45.2% males and 48.7% females consider ULIP as an average risky
investment scheme

29
Table 4.2.9: Level of Risk for Post office savings gender (Crosstabulation)
level of risk for Post office
savings
Gender Total
male female
very high
Frequency 5 8 13
% 4.0% 10.5% 6.5%
high
Frequency 29 14 43
% 23.4% 18.4% 21.5%
moderate
Frequency 43 37 80
% 34.7% 48.7% 40.0%
less
Frequency 33 13 46
% 26.6% 17.1% 23.0%
very less
Frequency 14 4 18
% 11.3% 5.3% 9.0%
This table shows that 4% of male and 10.5% females chose Post office savings as a
higher risky investment scheme. Whereas 11.3% males and 5.3% female consider Post
office savings as less risky investment. 34.7% males and 48.7% females consider Post
office savings as an average risky investment scheme
Table 4.2.10: level of risk for mutual fund and gender Crosstabulation
level of risk for mutual fund Gender Total
male female
very high
Frequency 13 10 23
% 10.5% 13.2% 11.5%
high
Frequency 52 25 77
% 41.9% 32.9% 38.5%
moderate
Frequency 46 33 79
% 37.1% 43.4% 39.5%
less
Frequency 12 8 20
% 9.7% 10.5% 10.0%
very less
Frequency 1 0 1
% 0.8% 0.0% 0.5%

30
This table shows that 10.5% male and 13.5% females chose Post office savings as a
higher risky investment scheme. Whereas .84% male and no female consider Post office
savings as less risky investment. 37.12% males and 43.4% females consider Post office
savings as an average risky investment scheme
Table 4.2.11: Level of Risk for Recurring deposit gender Crosstabulation
level of risk for Recurring
deposit
Gender Total
male female
very high
Frequency 10 5 15
% 8.1% 6.6% 7.5%
high
Frequency 20 25 45
% 16.1% 32.9% 22.5%
moderate
Frequency 35 28 63
% 28.2% 36.8% 31.5%
less
Frequency 37 13 50
% 29.8% 17.1% 25.0%
very less
Frequency 22 5 27
% 17.7% 6.6% 13.5%
This table shows that 8.1% male and 6.6% females chose Recurring deposit as a higher
risky investment scheme. Whereas 17.7% male and 5% female consider Recurring
deposit as less risky investment. 28.2% males and 36.8% females consider Recurring
4.3 Frequency Table
Table 4.3.1: Preference for Fixed deposit
Particulars Frequency Percent
very weak 39 19.5
weak 32 16.0
neutral 59 29.5
strong 30 15.0
very strong 40 20.0

31
Preference for fixed deposit
Frequency
Figure:1
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
Particulars very weak weak neutral strong very strong
The table shows that fixed deposit has got almost strong rating among all the
respondents. That is majority of respondents suggest rate 3 and 5 out of 5 for fixed
deposit investment scheme.
Table 4.3.2: Preference for Recurring Deposit
very weak 24 12.0
weak 51 25.5
neutral 65 32.5
strong 50 25.0
very strong 10 5.0
Figure: 2
This table shows that recurring deposit has got an average rating among all the
respondent. That is majority of the respondent suggest2, 3 and 4 out of 5 for recurring
Preference for Recurring Deposit
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
very weak weak neutral strong very strong

32
Preference for saving deposit
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
deposit.
Table 4.3.3: Preference for Saving deposit
very weak 40 20.0
weak 42 21.0
neutral 60 30.0
strong 39 19.5
very strong 19 9.5
Figure: 3
This table shows that savings deposit has got an average rating among all the
respondent. That is majority among the respondent suggest 3 out of 5 for saving deposit.
Table 4.3.4: preference for Equity Shares
very weak 35 17.5
weak 48 24.0
neutral 59 29.5
strong 39 19.5
very strong 19 9.5

33
preference for equityshares
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
Figure: 4
This table shows that equity shares has got an average rating among all the respondents.
That is majority among all the respondents suggest 3 out of 5 for equity shares.
Table 4.3.5: preference for ULIP
very weak 35 17.5
weak 54 27.0
neutral 68 34.0
strong 36 18.0
very strong 7 3.5
Figure: 5
Preference for ULIP
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
Series1 Series2 Series3

34
This table shows that ULIP has got almost weak rating among all the respondent. That
is majority among all the respondents suggest2 and 3 out of 5 for ULIP
Table 4.3.6: preference for Government Bonds
very weak 35 17.5
weak 61 30.5
neutral 62 31.0
strong 29 14.5
very strong 13 6.5
Figure: 6
This table shows that Government bonds has got almost a weak response. Most of the
respondents suggest 2 and 3 out of 5 for government bonds.
Table 4.3.7: Preference for private chits
very weak 31 15.5
weak 50 25.0
neutral 76 38.0
strong 39 19.5
very strong 4 2.0
preference for Government Bonds
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
Series1 Series2 Series3

35
Figure: 7
This table shows that private chits has got an average response. Most of the respondents
suggest 3 out of 5.
Table 4.3.8: preference for Insurance
very weak 20 10.0
weak 54 27.0
neutral 68 34.0
strong 46 23.0
very strong 12 6.0
Figure: 8
Preference for private chits
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
Preference for Insurance
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0

36
This table shows that insurance has got an average response from all the respondents.
Majority of the respondents suggest 3 out of 5.
Table 4.3.9: preference for other
very weak 53 26.5
weak 44 22.0
neutral 55 27.5
Strong 35 17.5
very strong 13 6.5
Figure: 9
This table shows that investment avenues also got an average response.
Table 4.3.10: Time of investing
less than 1 year 79 39.5
1-3 years 65 32.5
3-5 years 27 13.5
more than 5
years
29 14.5
preference for others
60
50
40
30
20
10
0

37
Figure: 10
This table shows that majority of the people are investing for a period of less than 1
year.
Table 4.3.11: Motivating rate for higher liquidity
very weak 35 17.5
weak 41 20.5
neutral 63 31.5
strong 29 14.5
very strong 32 16.0
Figure: 11
This table shows that higher liquidity factor has got an average rating from the
Time of investing
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
less than 1 year 1-3 years 3-5 years more than 5 years
Motivating Rate For Higher Liquidity
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0

38
respondents.
Table 4.3.12: Motivating rate for safety of money
very weak 13 6.5
weak 50 25.0
neutral 54 27.0
strong 47 23.5
very strong 36 18.0
Figure: 12
This table shows that safety of money factor has got an average rating from all the
respondents.
Table 4.3.13: Motivating rate for regular return
very weak 18 9.0
weak 38 19.0
neutral 68 34.0
strong 50 25.0
very strong 26 13.0
Motivating rate for safety of money
60
50
40
30
20
10
0

39
Figure: 13
This table shows that regular return factor has got almost a strong rating from all the
respondents.
Table 4.3.14: Motivating rate for high return
very weak 17 8.5
weak 35 17.5
neutral 54 27.0
strong 58 29.0
very strong 36 18.0
Figure: 14
Motivating rate for regularreturn
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
Motivating rate for high return
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0

40
This table shows that high return factor has got a strong rating for most of the
respondents.
Table: 4.3.15: Motivating Rate For Long Term Benefits
very weak 18 9.0
weak 45 22.5
neutral 55 27.5
strong 49 24.5
very strong 33 16.5
Figure: 15
This table shows that long term benefits has got an average rating among the
respondents.
Table: 4.2.16: Motivating Rate For Capital Appreciation
very weak 15 7.5
weak 46 23.0
neutral 70 35.0
strong 49 24.5
very strong 20 10.0
Long Term Benefits
60
50
40
30
20
10
0

41
Figure: 16
This table shows that capital appreciation has got an average rating from all the
respondent.
Table: 4.3.17: Motivating Rate For Tax Benefits
very weak 18 9.0
weak 42 21.0
neutral 74 37.0
strong 44 22.0
very strong 22 11.0
Figure 17
This table shows that tax benefits factor has got an average rating from all the
respondents.
Motivating rate for Capital appreciation
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
Motivating rate for tax benefits
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0

42
Table 4.3.18: Motivating Rate For Social Prestige Value
very weak 19 9.5
weak 66 33.0
neutral 62 31.0
strong 41 20.5
very strong 12 6.0
Figure 18
This table shows that social prestige value has got a weaker response from all the
respondents.
Table 4.3.19: Motivating Rate For Future Security
very weak 21 10.5
weak 40 20.0
neutral 63 31.5
strong 48 24.0
very strong 28 14.0
Motivating rate for social prestige value
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0

43
Motivating rate for low risk
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
Figure 19
This table shows that future security factor has got almost a stronger rating from all the
respondents
Table 4.3.20: Motivating Rate For Low Risk
very weak 20 10.0
weak 50 25.0
neutral 71 35.5
strong 40 20.0
very strong 19 9.5
Figure 20
This table shows that low risk factor has got an average return among all the respondent.
Motivating rate for future security
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0

44
Motivating Rate For Past Performance
very weak 20 10.0
weak 45 22.5
neutral 80 40.0
strong 40 20.0
very strong 15 7.5
Figure 21
This table shows that past performance factor has got an average rating from all the
respondents.
Table 4.3.22: Motivating Rate for Others
very weak 35 17.5
weak 49 24.5
neutral 71 35.5
strong 37 18.5
very strong 8 4.0
Motivating rate for past performance
90
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0

45
Figure 22
This table shows that other factors have also got an average rating from all the
respondents
Table 4.3.23: Preference After Retirement For Fixed Deposit
very weak 37 18.5
weak 32 16.0
neutral 57 28.5
strong 33 16.5
very strong 41 20.5
Figure 23
Motivating rate for others
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
preference after retirement for fixeddeposit
60
50
40
30
20
10
0

46
This table shows that fixed deposit has got almost a very stronger rating as an
investment scheme after retirement.
Table 4.3.24: Preference After Retirement For Recurring Deposit
very weak 16 8.0
weak 61 30.5
neutral 64 32.0
strong 42 21.0
very strong 17 8.5
Figure 24
This table shows that recurring deposit has got almost a weaker rating as an investment
scheme after retirement.
Table 4.3.25: Preference After Retirement For Savings Deposit
very weak 21 10.5
weak 42 21.0
neutral 65 32.5
strong 50 25.0
very strong 22 11.0
Recurring deposit
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0

47
Figure 25
This table shows that savings deposit has got stronger rating as an investment scheme
after retirement.
Table 4.3.26: Preference After Retirement For Equity Shares
very weak 22 11.0
weak 54 27.0
neutral 64 32.0
strong 44 22.0
very strong 16 8.0
Figure 26
This table shows that equity shares has got a weaker response rating as an investment
Savings deposit
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
Equity shares
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0

48
Table 4.3.27: preference after retirement for mutual funds
very weak 29 14.5
weak 44 22.0
neutral 73 36.5
strong 37 18.5
very strong 17 8.5
Figure 27
This table shows that mutual funds has got an average rating as an investment scheme
after retirement.
Table 4.3.28: Preference After Retirement For Post Office Savings
very weak 18 9.0
weak 54 27.0
neutral 72 36.0
strong 39 19.5
very strong 17 8.5
Mutual funds
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0

49
Figure 28
This table shows that post office savings deposit shows almost a weaker rating as an
investment scheme after retirement.
Table 4.3.29 Preference After Retirement For Fixed Deposit
Very Weak 29 14.5
Weak 53 26.5
Neutral 71 35.5
Strong 34 17.0
Very Strong 13 6.5
Figure 29
Post office savings
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
Fixed Deposit
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0

50
This table shows that ULIP has got almost a weaker response rating as an investment
Table 4.3.30: Preference After Retirement For Government Bonds
very weak 24 12.0
weak 55 27.5
neutral 61 30.5
strong 46 23.0
very strong 14 7.0
Figure 30
This table shows that govt bonds has a weaker rate of response as an investment scheme
after retirement.
Table 4.3.31: Preference After Retirement For Private Chits
very weak 30 15.0
weak 53 26.5
neutral 62 31.0
strong 42 21.0
very strong 13 6.5
Govt Bonds
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0

51
Figure: 31
This table shows that private chits has a weaker rate of response as an investment
Table 4.3.32: Preference After Retirement For Fixed Deposit
very weak 20 10.0
weak 51 25.5
neutral 71 35.5
strong 44 22.0
very strong 14 7.0
Figure 32
This table shows that insurance has got an average rate of response as an investment
Private chits
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0
Insurance
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0

52
Table 4.3.33: Preference After Retirement For Others
very weak 32 16.0
weak 39 19.5
neutral 76 38.0
strong 35 17.5
very strong 18 9.0
Figure 33
This table shows that others investment scheme also get an average rate of response.
4.4 : ANOVA
Table 4.4.1 Relationship Between Age And Preference Level (Anova)
Sum of Squares df Mean Square F Sig.
Between
Groups
3.939 3 1.313 2.511 .060
Within Groups 102.491 196 .523
Total 106.430 199
Source: computed
P value ≤ .05
Age and preference level test conducted to find out multiple comparisons. It is evident
that Age of the respondents and preference level for investment scheme are significantly
Others
80
70
60
50
40
30
20
10
0

53
indifferent.
• Since the p-value of the Anova test .060 is greater than .05, it is not significant.
• Null hypothesis is accepted
• It is concluded that there is no significant difference between the means of the
both Samples
Table 4.4.2: Relationship between age and motivating factor
Sum of
Squares
Df Mean
Square
F Sig.
Between
Groups
3.169 3 1.056 1.420 .238
Total 149.003 199
Source: computed
P value ≤ .05
Age and motivating level test conducted to find out the multiple comparisons. It is
evident that age of the respondent and motivating factors for investment are
significantly indifferent.
• Since the p value of Anova test is .238 is greater than .05, it is not significant
• It is concluded that there is no significant difference between the means ofboth
samples
Table 4.4.3: Relationship between age and level of risk chosen
Sum of
Squares
Df Mean
Square
F Sig.
Between
Groups
3.085 3 1.028 2.434 .066
Total 85.891 199

54
Source: computed
P value ≤ .05
Age and level of risk test conducted to find out the multiple comparisons. It is evident
that age of the respondents and level of risk chosen are significantly indifferent.
• It is concluded that there is no significant difference between means of both
samples
Table 4.4.4: Relationship between age and retirement plan
Sum of
Squares
Df Mean
Square
F Sig.
Between
Groups
3.477 3 1.159 1.841 .141
Total 126.846 199
Source: computed
P value ≤ .05
Age and retirement plan test conducted to find out the multiple comparisons. It is
evident that age of the respondents and retirement plan are significantly indifferent.
samples
Table 4.4.5: Relationship between monthly income and preference for
investment
Sum of
Squares
Df Mean
Square
F Sig.
Between
Groups
2.555 4 .639 1.199 .313
Total 106.430 199
Source: computed
P value ≤ .05

55
Monthly income and preference for investment test conducted to find out the multiple
comparisons. It is evident that Monthly income and preference for investment are
significantly indifferent.
samples
Table 4.4.6: Relationship between monthly income and level of risk
Sum of
Squares
Df Mean
Square
F Sig.
Between
Groups
.990 4 .247 .568 .686
Total 85.891 199
Source: computed
P value ≤ .05
Monthly income and level of risk test conducted to find out the multiple comparisons.
It is evident that Monthly income and level of risk are significantly indifferent.
samples
Table 4.4.7: Relationship between type of job and preference for investment
Sum of
Squares
Df Mean
Square
F Sig.
Between
Groups
4.735 2 2.367 4.586 .011
Total 106.430 199
Source: computed
P value ≤ .05

56
Type of job and preference level for investment test conducted to find out the multiple
comparisons. It is evident that Type of job and preference level for investment are
significantly different
• Since the p value of Anova test is .011 is less than .05, it is significant
• Alternate hypothesis is accepted
• It is concluded that there is significant difference between means of both
samples
Table 4.4.8: Relationship between type of job and level of risk
Sum of
Squares
Df Mean
Square
F Sig.
Between
Groups
.931 2 .465 1.079 .342
Total 85.891 199
Source: computed
P value ≤ 05
Type of job and level of risk for investment test conducted to find out the multiple
significantly indifferent
samples
Table 4.4.9: Relationship between type of job and Retirement plan
Sum of
Squares
Df Mean
Square
F Sig.
Between
Groups
6.250 2 3.125 5.105 .007
Total 126.846 199
Source: computed
P value ≤ .05

57
Type of job and retirement for investment test conducted to find out the multiple
significantly different.
• Since the p value of Anova test is .007 is less than .05, it is significant
• Alternate hypothesis is accepted
• It is concluded that there is significant difference between means of both
samples
4.5 INDEPENDENT SAMPLE T TEST
Table 4.5.1 Preference Factor Of Investment Schemes Among Men And
Women(Average)
gender N Mean Std. Deviation Std. Error
Mean
male 124 2.7507 .73352 .06587
female 76 2.8325 .72970 .08370
Particulars Levene's Test for Equality
of Variances
t-test for equality of means
F Sig. t df Sig. (2-tailed)
PF
Equal
variances
assumed
.003 .957 -.767 198 .444
Equal
variances not
assumed
-.768 159.389 .444
Source: computed
P value ≤.05
Independent sample t test was conducted to find out if there was significant difference
in preference for investment schemes according to gender.
Table says that:

58
• Men has an average preference for investment schemes of 2.7507 and women
has of 2.8325.
• Levene's Test for Equality of Variances shows that F=.003, p value =.957, since
p value = .957 which is greater than .05, the result is not significant. Hence the
null hypothesis is accepted.
• Independent sample t test shows that, t = -.768, df = 198, p value = .444
1. Since the p value of the above test .444, is greater than .05, it is not significant
2. Null hypothesis is H0 is Accepted.
3. It is concluded that there is no difference between the means of the 2
independent samples that is there is no difference is no difference in gender of
the respondent and the preference for investment schemes.
Table 4.5.1 Level of Risk Factor of Investment Schemes Among Men And
Women(Average)
gender N Mean Std.
Deviation
Std. Error Mean
levelofris
k
male 124 2.9157 .66746 .05994
female 76 2.7273 .62633 .07184
Independent Samples Test
Levene's Test for Equality of
Variances
t-test for Equality of Means
F Sig. t df Sig.
(2-
tailed)
Equal
variances
assumed
.063 .802 1.983 198 .049
levelofris
k
Equal
variances
not
assumed
2.014 166.543 .046
Source: computed
P value ≤ .05

59
Independent sample t test was conducted to find out if there was significant difference
in level of risk for investment schemes according to gender.
Table says that:
• Men has an average level of risk of 2.9157 and women has of 2.7273.
• Levene's Test for Equality of Variances shows that F=.063, p value =.802, since
p value = .802 which is greater than .05, the result is not significant. Hence the
null hypothesis is accepted.
• Independent sample t test shows that, t = 1.983, df = 198, p value = .049
1.Since the p value of the above test .049, is greater than .05, it is significant
2.Alternate hypothesis is accepted.
3.It is concluded that there is difference between the means of the 2 independent
samples that is there is difference is difference in gender of the respondent and the
level of risk for investment schemes.

60
CHAPTER Ⅴ: FINDINGS, SUGGESTIONS AND CONCLUSIONS
5.1 Findings
• Out of the 200 respondents 62 percent are male and 38 percent are female
• Out of the 200 respondents 19 of them are under the age group of 18-21, 134 are
under the age group of 21-25, 32 are under the age of 25-35, and 15 of them are
above the age of 35
• Out of the analysis done it is clearly visible that 8 of them have higher secondary
education, 71 of them are under graduate, 95 of them have post-graduation and
24 of them have professional education. 2 of the, doesn’t belong to any of these
categories.
• From the above data it is clear that 50 of them have a monthly income between
10000-20000, 27 of them have a monthly income between 21000-30000, 66 of
them have a monthly income between 31000-50000, 40 of them have a monthly
income between 41000-50000 and rest of them have above 100000 as monthly
income.
• Out of the 200 respondents 134 suggests that savings and investment are not
same, where 44 of them suggest opposite.
• Out of the 200 respondents, 41 of them are covered under the old pension
scheme, 61 of them are covered under new pension scheme.
• Out of the analysis done 12.1% male and 18.4% females chose fixed deposit as
a higher risky investment scheme.
• Out of the analysis done 5.6% of males and 3.9% of females chose saving
deposit as a higher risky investment scheme.
• Out of the analysis done 16.1% of male and 10.5% of females chose equity
shares as a higher risky investment scheme.
• Out of the analysis done 16.9% male and 14.5% females chose others scheme
as a higher risky investment scheme.
• Out of the analysis done 8.9% male and 9.2% females chose Insurance as a
higher risky investment scheme.
• Out of the analysis done 15.3% male and 11.8% females chose Private chits as
a higher risky investment scheme.
• Out of the analysis done 12.1% male and 13.2% females chose Government
bond as a higher risky investment scheme.

61
• Out of the analysis done 4.8 % of male and 10.5% females chose ULIP as a
higher risky investment scheme.
• Out of the analysis done 4% of male and 10.5% females chose Post office
savings as a higher risky investment scheme
• Out of the analysis done 10.5% male and 13.5% females chose Post office
savings as a higher risky investment scheme.
• Out of the analysis done 8.1% male and 6.6% females chose Recurring deposit
as a higher risky investment scheme.
• Out of the analysis done 24.2% males and 11.8% females consider fixed deposit
as less risky investment.
• Out of the analysis done 24.2% males and 11.8% females consider fixed deposit
as less risky investment. 28.2% males and 36.8% females consider fixed deposit
as an average risky investment scheme.
• Out of the analysis done 17.7% males and 7.9% females consider saving deposit
as less risky investment. 36.3% males and 43.4% females consider fixed deposit
as an average risky investment scheme
• Out of the analysis done 1.6% of males and 2.6% of females consider equity
shares as less risky investment. 38.7% of males and 39.5 % females consider
equity shares as an average risky investment scheme
• Out of the analysis done 3.2% males and 7.9% females consider other schemes
as less risky investment. 52.4% males and 48.7% females consider other
schemes as an average risky investment scheme
• Out of the analysis done 7.3% males and 1.3% female consider Insurance as less
risky investment. 37.9% males and 46.1% females consider Insurance as an
average risky investment scheme
• Out of the analysis done 5.6% males and no females consider Private chits as
less risky investment. 32.3% males and 39.5% females consider Private chits as
an average risky investment scheme
• Out of the analysis done 6.5% males and 1.3% female consider Government
bond as less risky investment. 34.7% males and 48.7% females consider
Government bond as an average risky investment scheme.

62
• Out of the analysis done 5.6% males and 2.6% female consider ULIP as less
risky investment. 45.2% males and 48.7% females consider ULIP as an average
risky investment scheme.
• Out of the analysis done 11.3% males and 5.3% female consider Post office
savings as less risky investment. 34.7% males and 48.7% females consider Post
office savings as an average risky investment scheme
• Out of the analysis done.84% male and no female consider Post office savings
as less risky investment. 37.12% males and 43.4% females consider Post office
savings as an average risky investment scheme
• Out of the analysis done 17.7% male and 5% female consider Recurring deposit
as less risky investment. 28.2% males and 36.8% females consider Recurring
• Among the various investment avenues fixed deposit has got the highest number
of 5 star rating. Out of 200 respondent 40 people give 5 star rating for fixed
deposit
• Investment avenues other than the specified investment avenues has got the
weakest rating among all the respondents. 53 people has given 1 star rating for
other schemes.
• From the analysis it is clear that majority of the people invest their money for a
period less than 1 year.
• From the analysis it is clear that high return and safety of money are the major
motivational factor for the respondents for investing their money
• Among the various investment avenues fixed deposit has got the highest rating
for preference after retirement. Out of 200 respondent 41 choose very high rating
for fixed deposit after retirement.
• From the result for the test done based on Anova, for age and preference of
investment avenues, it is evident that there is no significant difference between
age of the people and preference of investment.
• From the result for the test done based on Anova, for age and motivating factor
for investment avenues, it is evident that there is no significant difference
between age of the people and motivating factor for investment avenues.

63
• From the result for the test done based on Anova, for age and level of risk
chosen, it is evident that there is no significant difference between age of the
people and level of risk chosen.
• From the result for the test done based on Anova, for age and Retirement plan
chosen, it is evident that there is no significant difference between age of the
people and Retirement plan.
• From the result for the test done based on Anova, for Monthly income and
preference of investment avenues, it is evident that there is no significant
difference between for Monthly income and preference of investment avenues.
• From the result for the test done based on Anova, for Monthly income and
preference of investment avenues, it is evident that there is no significant
difference between for Monthly income and preference of investment avenues.
• From the result for the test done based on Anova, for Monthly income and level
of risk, it is evident that there is no significant difference between for Monthly
income and level of risk.
• From the result for the test done based on Anova, for Nature of Job and
preference for investment, it is evident that there is significant difference
between for Nature of job and preference for investment.
• From the result for the test done based on Anova, for Nature of Job and level of
risk, it is evident that there is no significant difference between for Nature of job
and level of risk.
• From the result for the test done based on Anova, for Nature of Job and level of
risk, it is evident that there is no significant difference between for Nature of job
and level of risk
• From the result for the test done based on Anova, for Nature of Job and
preference for investment after retirement, it is evident that there is significant
difference between for Nature of job and preference for investment after
retirement.
• From the analysis based on independent sample T test between gender and
preference of investment schemes, it is evident that there is no difference in
gender of the respondent and the preference for investment schemes.

64
• From the analysis based on independent sample T test between gender and level
of risk, it is evident that there is difference in gender of the respondent and the
level of risk chosen.
5.2 Suggestions
• Investors who are in need of secured investment and who were not interested in
taking risk can go for government bonds or fixed deposit which are less risk
securities. There are no chances of failures in these schemes.
• Investors need to analyse their level of expectation and risk taking capacity
before choosing their investment schemes.
• Fixed deposit is the most suitable investment avenue according to the responses.
• Both private and government employees must plan their investment schemes
and amount after analysing all the alternative options and risk assessment.
Because investment must be useful for future benefits and for getting better
returns.
• Employees must always update themselves about the new investment schemes,
because there are plenty of investment scheme available in the market.
5.3 Conclusion
Today,as the standard of living of the people are increasing day by day, they started
realising that savings and investment are important part of their life. It is clear that the
investors are saving their money for achieving their goals in life. This study will help
the organization in designing financial products for the various type of investors. The
buying nature of a particular investment scheme by an investor may be due to multiple
reasons. Some of their motivational factors for investment are analysed in this study.
According to the study employees consider safety of money and high return as their
major motivational factor for investment. Due to the reduction in the bank interest rates
and high degree of volatility in Indian Stock market, investors are looking at an
alternative for their investments, which will provide them higher returns and also safety
to their investments. Based on all these factors an effort is made to identify the level of
rating of investors towards each investment and the level of risk they think about each
investment avneues. This analysis is an indication of perception on return of investment
and their level of satisfaction based on preference of investment and their risk taking
capacity of the both private and government employees. Despite of certain limitations
to the study, there were some investment patterns which had some commonness in these
employees. With much concentration in identifying the factors for risk, investment level

65
in various investment avenues are identified based on their socioeconomic factors.

66
Bibliography
Ahmed Imran Hunjra,Haroon Bakari,Aqeel Alam,Iran Batool. (2020). Investment Options and
Preferences of Small Investors from Salaried Class. CITY UNIVERSITY RESEARCH
JOURNAL .
B.Thulasipriya. (2015). A Study on the Investment Preference of Government Employees on
Various Investment Avenues. International Journal of Management Research and
Social Science (IJMRSS).
B.Thulasipriya. (2015). A Study on the Investment Preference of Government Employees on
Various Investment Avenues. International Journal of Management Research and
Social Science (IJMRSS) .
C.GEETHA, Dr. M. MARIMUTHU. (2019). A STUDY ON PREFERRED INVESTMENT AVENUES
AMONG SALARIED PEOPLE. A JOURNAL OF COMPOSITION THEORY.
Deepak Sood,Dr. Navdeep Kaur. (2015). A STUDY OF SAVING AND INVESTMENT PATTERN OF
SALARIED CLASS PEOPLE WITH SPECIAL REFERENCE TO CHANDIGARH. International
Journal of Research in Engineering, IT & Social Sciences .
DEVIKA JAYAPRAKASH, LINZY AJAYAN, JAYASHANKAR. J. (2017). Investment pattern: A
comparative study on the government and Private Employees with special reference
to kerala. International Journal of Economic Research.
Dr. C. M. Shinde,Priyanka Zanvar. (2015). A STUDY OF INVESTMENT PATTERN ON THE BASIS
OF DEMOGRAPHIC TRAITS. International Journal of Research -GRANTHAALAYAH.
Dr.V.Ramanujam, K. Chitra Devi. (2012). A Study on Impact of Socio –Economic Profile on
Investment Pattern of Salaried & Business People in Coimbatore City. International
Journal of Management & Information Technology.
Duttagupta, R. K. (2021). Awareness of Salaried Employees towards Investment Portfolios.
BUSINESS RESEARCH AND INNOVATION.
Duttagupta, R. K. (2021). Awareness of Salaried Employees towards Investment Portfolios .
Business Research and Innovation.
Francis, C. (2021). Investment Preference of Government Employees. International Journal
of Science and Research (IJSR).
GANAPATHI, D. R. (2014, OCTOBER). INVESTMENT PATTERN OF GOVERNMENT EMPLOYEES
IN MADURAI CITY.
Gondaliya, V. (2020). A Study on Saving and Investment Pattern of Salaried Class People with
Special Reference to Surat City. Global Journal of Research in Management.
Jayaprakash, D. (2017). Investment Pattern: A Comparative Study on the Government and
Private Employees with Special Reference to Kerala. International Journal of
Economic Research.
Kanagaraj, P. (2020). A STUDY ON INVESTMENT PATTERN TOWARDS SALARIED EMPLOYEES
IN COIMBATORE CITY. EPRA International Journal of Research and Development
(IJRD).

67
Mr. Babu K. A, Dr. Giridhar K. V. (2021). INCOME, SAVINGS AND INVESTMENT PATTERNS OF
PRIVATE SECTOR SALARIED HOUSEHOLDS IN KARNATAKA: A STUDY WITH
REFERENCE TO PRE LOCKDOWN AND POST UNLOCK COVID-19 PERIOD. An indexed
refereed and peer reviewed journal of higher education.
PROF. CA YOGESH P. PATEL, PROF. CS CHARUL Y. PATEL. (2012). A STUDY OF INVESTMENT
PERSPECTIVE OF SALARIED PEOPLE. Asia Pacific Journal of Marketing &
Management Review.
Raikhola, U. (2015). A Study of Analysis of Investment Pattern of Salaried Class Employees
with special reference to Nainital District. Research Journal of social science and
management.
Sondhi, D. J. (2020). A Study on the Saving and Investment Preference of Government
Employees on Various Investment Avenues in District Mandi . IOSR Journal of
Economics and Finance (IOSR-JEF).
V.R.Palanivelu,K.Chandrakumar. (2012). A Study on Preferred Investment Avenues among
Salaried Peoples with Reference to Namakkal Taluk. The 2013 IBEA, International
Conference on Business, Economics, and Accounting. Bangkok: IBEA.
Vanitha, D. P. (2021). A Study on Pattern of Investment and Savings among Salaried
Employee of P.N.R Fibers after Covid-19. International Journal of All Research
Education and Scientific Methods (IJARESM).

68
APPENDIX
PERSONAL PROFILE
1) Age:
a) 18-21 b)21-25 c) 25-35 d) above 35
2)Gender
a) male b) female
3)Marital status
• Married
• Single
4)How many family members are earning?
a) 1 b) 2 c) more than 2
5)Educational qualification
a) 10th
b) Higher secondary c) Undergraduate
d) Post graduate e) professional e)others
6)Monthly Income
a) 10000-20000 b) 21000- 30000 c) 31000-50000 d) 51000-100000
e) above 100000
7) In your opinion, is savings and investment are same?
a) yes b) no
7)Monthly Savings(%of earnings)
a) 5% b) 10% c) 20% d) more than 20%
EMPLOYMENT DETAILS
8)In which sector you are employed?
a)Private b)Government c)semi Govt
9 A) if employed in govt sector
a) Bank b) postal c) Railways d) Insurance
e)electricity f)educational g)others
B) if employed in private sector

69
a)Bank b) Multinational companies c)Insurance d) educational
e)others
11) Which pension scheme you are covered under
a) Old pension scheme b) New pension scheme c) Not applicable
LEVEL OF INVESTMENT
13) Rate the level of your investment according to your preference( 1 is for higher
rating and 5 is the least)
Investment Schemes 1 2 3 4 5
Fixed deposits
Recurring deposits
Savings accounts
Equity shares
Mutual Funds
Post Office Savings
Unit Linked Insurance
Policies
Government Bond
Private chits
Insurance
Others
14) How long are you investing
a) less than 1 year b) 1- 3 years c) 3 -5 years d) more than 5 years
15) Rate the factors motivating for your investment (1 is for higher rate and 5 is the
least)

70
Investment
factors
1 2 3 4 5
Higher
liquidity
Safety of
money
Regular returns
High returns
Long term
benefits(benefit
from more than
3 year
investment)
Capital
appreciation
Tax benefits
Social Prestige
value
Future security
Low Risk
Past
Performance
Others
(Specify)

71
16) State the level of risk according to your preference
Investment Schemes Very
high
hig
h
moderate less Very
less
Fixed deposits
Recurring deposits
Savings accounts
Equity shares
Mutual Funds
Post Office Savings
Policies
Government Bond
Private chits
Insurance
Others
17) Rank your investment preferences after your retirement(1 is for higher ranking
and 5 is the least)
Investment Schemes 1 2 3 4 5
Fixed deposits
Recurring deposits
Savings accounts
Equity shares
Mutual Funds
Post Office Savings
Policies
Government Bond
Insurance
Others

MBA FINAL PROJECT 2021 RECHECKED.pdf

Recommended

Recommended

More Related Content

Similar to MBA FINAL PROJECT 2021 RECHECKED.pdf

Similar to MBA FINAL PROJECT 2021 RECHECKED.pdf (20)

Recently uploaded

Recently uploaded (20)

MBA FINAL PROJECT 2021 RECHECKED.pdf