five wonders of the world information

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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Abstract……………………………………………………………………………………………………….
CHAPTER 1
 INDIA
 Introduction………………………………………………………………………………………………….
 General Information……………………………………………………………………………………..
 India Tourist Visa…………………………………………………………………………………………..
 Eligibility
 Validity
 Duration of Stay
 India Location……………………………………………………………………………………………….
 Geography of India……………………………………………………………………………………….
 HistoryofTourisminIndia…………………………………………………………………………………………
 TOURISM IN INDIA………………………………………………………………………………………..
 Government Policies
 Development & Consequences Of Tourism
 The Frameworks for & Trends In Tourism
 Information&CommunicationTechnologies
 The Main Benefits India Gets From Tourism
 Aims & Objectives
 Tourism Polices
 Problems Development In Tourism Of India
 Tourism sector towards globalization
 International Recognition
 Social Media
 Organization of marquee events/ festivals
 TOURIST DESTINATION PLACE IN INDIA…………………………………………………………
 Agra
 Jaipur / Udaipur, Fort of Monuments
 GOA
 Kashmir
 Kanyakumari
 Kerala (Black water)
 Old Delhi
 Ajanta Ellora
 Darjeeling
 Mysore
 Leh / Ladakh
 Gantok
 Rohtang Pass

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 Development of theme-based activities………………………………………………………………….
 Provision of basic tourist facilities……………………………………………………………………………
 Preservation of heritage and nature……………………………………………………………………….
 INDIA GDP: DIRECT CONTRIBUTION & GDP: TOTAL CONTRIBUTION………………………..
 INDIA TRAVEL & TOURISM'S CONTRIBUTION TO EMPLOYMENT………………………………
 INDIA: VISITOR EXPORTS AND INVESTMENT………………………………………………………….
 COUNTRY RANKINGS: REAL GROWTH, 2018……………………………………………………………
SUMMARY TABLES: ESTIMATES & FORECASTS………………………………………………………..
 ECONOMIC CONTRIBUTION OF TRAVEL & TOURISM: REAL 2017 PRICES………………….
 THE ECONOMIC CONTRIBUTION OF TRAVEL & TOURISM: NOMINAL PRICES……………
 THE ECONOMIC CONTRIBUTION OF TRAVEL & TOURISM: GROWTH………………………..
 Press Information Bureau Government of India Ministry of Tourism……………………….
 Foreign Tourist Arrivals (FTAs)
 FTAs on e-Tourist Visa
 The three India states to top Foreign Tourist
Conclusion……………………………………………………………………………………………………..
CHAPTER 2
 ITALY
 Introduction………………………………………………………………………………………………………
 General Information…………………………………………………………………………………………
 Italy Location…………………………………………………………………………………………………..
 Geography…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
 Climate……………………………………………………………………………………………………………
 About the country ……………………………………………………………………………………………
 Currency…………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
 Language………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
 Trade……………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
 Food…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………
 UNESCO World Heritage sites of Italy ………………………………………………………………….
 Tourism and Culture in Italy…………………………………………………………………………….
 Effects of Tourism in Italy…………………………………………………………………….
 Tourism and Crowding……………………………………………………………………………..
 Loss of Authentic Culture Due to Tourism………………………………………………
 Environmental Effects of Tourism…………………………………………………………
 Visa Policy of Italy…………………………………………………………………………………………….
 Top Tourist Attraction place in Italy………………………………………………………………….
 Venice canals
 Pompeii
 Leaning tower of peas
 Lake Como
 Amalfi coast

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 Florence Dumosanta Maria Delfiore
 Cinque Terre
 The Uffizi Gallery
 Roman Forum
 Capri
 TRAVEL & TOURISM’S CONTERBUTION TO GDP……………………………………………………….
 GDP: Direct Contribution
 GDP: Total contribution
 VISITOR EXPORT……………………………………………………………………………………………………..
 INVESTMENT………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
 SUMMARY TABLES: ESTIMATES & FORECASTS…………………………………………………………
 THE ECONOMIC CONTREBUTION OF TRAVEL & TOURISM REAL 2017 PRICES……………
 THE ECONOMIC CONTREBUTION OF TRAVEL & TOURISM: NOMINAL PRICES……………
 THE ECONOMIC CONTREBUTIONS OF TRAVEL & TOURISM GROWTH……………………….
 CONCLUSION………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
CHAPTER 3
 CHINA
 Introduction………………………………………………………………………………………………………
 General information………………………………………………………………………………………….
 Location……………………………………………………………………………………………………………
 Geography……………………………………………………………………………………………………….
 Climate…………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
 History of tourism in china…………………………………………………………………………………
 Tourism in china…………………………………………………………………...............................
 Government of policies……………………………………………………………………………………..
 Problem in tourism of china………………………………………………………........................
 Top tourist attraction places in china…………………………………………………………………
 The great wall of china
 Forbidden city
 Terracotta city
 Potala place
 Mount huang
 Leshan giant Buddha
 Longmen grottoes
 Jinzhaigor
 Magao caves
 The leaping gorge
 Zhangiiajie national park
 Visa policy of china………………………………………………………………………………………………….

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 Travel and tourism contribution to GDP………………………………………………………………….
 GDP: Direct contribution
 GDP: Total contribution
 Visitor export………………………………………………………………………….................................
 Investment……………………………………………………………………………..................................
 Country Ranking: Real Growth, 2018-2028………………………………………........................
 Summary Tables: Estimates & Forecast…………………………………………………………………..
 The Economic Contribution of Travel & Tourism: Real 2017 Prices…………………………..
 The Economic Contribution of Travel Tourism: Nominal Prices………………………………..
 The Economic Contribution of Travel & Tourism: Growth………………………………………..
 Conclusion ……………………………………………………………………………..................................
CHAPTER 4
 BRAZIL
 Introduction………………………………………………………………………………………………..
 General Information…………………………………………………………………………………….
 Location………………………………………………………………………………………………………
 Visa policy of Brazil……………………………………………………………………………………..
 Eligibility
 Terms & Conditions
 Geography…………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
 Climate………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….
 History of Tourism in Brazil……………………………………………………………………………………..
 Culture & Tourism…………………………………………………………………………………………………..
 Tourism in Brazil……………………………………………………………………………………………………..
 Tourism Problem in Brazil……………………………………………………………………………………….
 Top Tourist Attraction Places in Brazil……………………………………………………………………
 Cristo Redentor, Rio-de-janerio
 Sugar loaf, Rio-de-janerio
 Carnival, Rio-de-janerio
 Iguacu falls
 Copacabana, Rio-de-janerio
 Amazon Rain Forest
 Brasilia Modernist Architecture
 Pernambuca Beaches
 Travel and tourism contribution to GDP………………………………………………………………….
 GDP: Direct contribution
 GDP: Total contribution
 Visitor export…………………………………………………………………………………………………………
 Investment………………………………………………………………………….....................................

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 Country Ranking: Real Growth, 2018-2028………………………………………………………………
 Summary Tables: Estimates & Forecast……………………………………………………………………
 The Economic Contribution of Travel & Tourism: Real 2017 Prices……………………………
 The Economic Contribution of Travel Tourism: Nominal Prices…………………………………
 The Economic Contribution of Travel & Tourism: Growth…………………………………………
 Conclusion……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..
CHAPTER 5
 JORDAN
 Introduction………………………………………………………………………………………………..
 General Information…………………………………………………………………………………….
 Location………………………………………………………………………………………………………
 Geography………………………………………………………………………………………………….
 Climate……………………………………………………………………………………………………….
 Tourism History of Jordan……………………………………………………………………………
 Culture Involve in Tourism Jordan………………………………………………………………..
 Visa Policy…………………………………………………………………………………………………..
 Tourism Policy……………………………………………………………………………………………..
 Major Tourist Destination in Jordan…………………………………………………………….
 Petra
 WadiRum
 Jerash
 Dead Sea
 Desert Castles
 Amman
 Al-Karak
 Aqaba
 Dana Nature Reserve
 Madaba
 Travel and tourism contribution to GDP…………………………………………….
 GDP: Direct contribution
 GDP: Total contribution
 Visitor export…………………………………………………………………………..
 Investment………………………………………………………………………….......
 Country Ranking: Real Growth, 2018-2028…………………………………………
 Summary Tables: Estimates & Forecast……………………………………………..
 The Economic Contribution of Travel & Tourism: Real 2017 Prices……………...
 The Economic Contribution of Travel Tourism: Nominal Prices………………….
 The Economic Contribution of Travel & Tourism: Growth………………………..
 Conclusion…………………………………………………………………………….

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Abstract
World tourism is considered as a significant factor in the economy of many nations. Today
tourism related infrastructure in various parts of the country has improved the quality of life
of the local people and helped to promote local arts and crafts. Tourism has contributed to
increase awareness about conservation of the environment and the cultural heritage.
Tourism is the fastest growing industry in modern world. People have always travelled to
distant parts of the world to see monuments, arts and culture, taste new cuisine etc. The
term tourist was firstly used as official term in 1937 by the League of Nations. Tourism was
defined as people travelling abroad for period of over 24 hours.
WTO has taken the concept of „tourism‟ beyond a stereo type image of „holiday making‟.
The official accepted definition in the report is: “Tourism comprises the activities of persons
travelling to and staying in places outside their usual environment not for leisure, business
and other purposes”.
WTO has classified three types of tourism-
a) Domestic Tourism: It consists of residents visiting within their own country. No
formalities are required in this kind of travel.
b) Inbound Tourism: Comprises non- residents travelling into a country of their choice.
c) Outbound Tourism: Comprises residents of a nation travelling out to foreign country.
These three basic forms of tourism can be in turn being combined to derive three categories
of tourism.
a) Internal Tourism: This comprises domestic and inbound tourism. b) National Tourism:
domestic and outbound tourism. c) International Tourism: inbound and outbound tourism.
Tourism mostly depends on the range and types of accommodation available at the
destination. Tourism also tends to give support to local handicrafts and cultural activities;
both in urban and rural areas. Expenditure by tourists has a multiplier effect and also
generates considerable tax revenue for local economy.
Tourism has become a major and an integral part of economic, social and physical
development. It comprises complete system of nature, the universe, the space and the galaxy
which includes the man and his activities, wildlife, mountain and valleys, rivers and waters,
forest and trees, social and cultural system, flora and fauna, weather and climate, sun and the
sea. The whole system requires an environmental and ecological preservation, which can be
expressed in terms of following equation
Tourism = (N + W + M) EE
Whereas,
N = Nature, W = wildlife, M = Man and his activities, EE = Environment and Ecology.
The environment and ecological aspect on all the components as regard to the development of
tourism. The equation can further simplified in nature-
Tourism = (Wildlife + Man)EE
Without planning and controlling mechanism the development of tourism may end by having
social cultural and economic distortions, which will be reflected in the relationship between
tourists and local 26 people. As soon as tourism grows and expands, it brings the social and
economic changes in the respective region. This can be positive as well as negative.
Tourism 2020 vision is the World Tourism Organization long - term forecast and assessment
of the development of tourism up to the first 20 years of the new millennium.

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INTRODUCTION
Tourism is the temporary, short-term movement of people to destination outside the places
where they normally live and work and their activities during the stay at each destination. It
includes movements for all purposes. India is poised to emerge as the 2nd fastest growing
(8.8%) tourism economy in the world over 2005-14 according to the World Travel &Tourism
India is now recognized as a year round destination.
According to World Tourism Organization estimates, India will lead in South Asia with 8.9
million arrivals by 2020
New Up-coming Tourism Products
Monsoon magic- focus on months from April to October
Rural & village tourism- the tourism ministry is laying special emphasis on infrastructure
development in various rural destinations in India.
Medical tourism- the Indian Healthcare Delivery market is estimated at US$18.7 billion. The
industry is growing at about 13 per cent annually.
Wellness & Spa tourism– luxurious world class health spa’s are mushrooming across the
country.
Luxury tourism– e.g. Palace on Wheels, Palaces
Adventure tourism– with emphasis on eco-tourism
MICE– convention centres coming up in the metro cities
General Information
Name
Republic of India
Capital New Delhi
Currency Indian rupee (₹) (INR)
Language Hindi, English (official)
Area total
Water (%)
3,287,263 km2
9.6
Religion 79.8% Hinduism 14.2% Islam 2.3% Christianity 1.7% Sikhism 0.7%
Buddhism 0.4% Jainism 0.9% others.
Independence from the
• Dominion
• Republic
United Kingdom
15 August 1947
26 January 1950
Time zone UTC+05:30 (IST) DST is not observed
Membership UN, WTO, BRICS, SAARC, SCO, G8+5, G20, Commonwealth of Nations
Neighbours countries Bangladesh, Bhutan, China, Myanmar, Nepal, Pakistan and Sri Lanka

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India Tourist Visa
Eligibility
A tourist visa is appropriate for those who would like to visit India for tourism or other non-
business purposes. The following persons are not eligible to apply for a tourist visa and they
must apply for the Entry Visa:
 Persons of Indian Origin.
 Spouse and children of a person of Indian origin.
 Spouse and dependent family members of a foreign national coming to India on a
long term visa such as Employment, Business, Research or Student.
A Tourist Visa is granted for visiting India for recreation, sight-seeing, casual visits to meet
friends, relatives etc. No other activities are permissible on a Tourist Visa. In order to get a
tourist visa, you must not have a residence or occupation in India.
If you are coming to India for medical treatment, you should apply for a Medical Visa
instead, and Tourist Visa.
The family members of diplomatic households who do not qualify for diplomatic visas (such
as older children or domestic partners) may have to come on an Entry Visa, if eligible. If they
come on Tourist Visa, requirements and restrictions of Tourist Visa apply, just like anyone
else.
Validity
 U.S. citizens can get a 6-month, 5-year or 10-year tourist visa under a bilateral
agreement.
 However, non-U.S. citizens are only eligible for up to a six-month tourist visa.
Duration of Stay
 Regardless of the duration of the valid visa, the maximum duration of stay in India is
limited to 6 months (180 days) on each visit.
 Extension of stay is not granted on tourist visas and it cannot be converted into any
other visa.
India Location
You will find extremes in terms of the geographical
location of India. The Indian geography comprises of
snow-capped mountains and warm turquoise blue
beaches on the same sub-continent. The topography of
India is very diverse and is home to some of the most
astonishing flora and fauna. India has the mighty
Himalayas in the north that almost look like a crown of
India and they separate India from the rest of Asia. The
south has hilly coastal areas known as Western and Eastern Ghats. India is the only country
to have an ocean named after it. Quite contrasting to the lush green coastal areas, India has
the Thar Desert on the northwest part of the country in the state of Rajasthan.
Geographically, India is the seventh largest country in the world. Read on further for more
such amazing information.

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 Location of India: Southern Asia
 Latitude: 8.4o to 37.6o North
 Longitude: 68.7o to 97.25o East
 Neighbouring Countries: Bhutan, Burma, China, Nepal and Pakistan.
 Seas/Oceans: Arabian Sea (West), Bay of Bengal (East), Indian Ocean (South)
 Islands: Lakshadweep Islands in Arabian Sea, Andaman and Nicobar Islands in Bay
of Bengal
 Mountain Ranges: Himalayas in the north. Highest peak is the Kanchenjunga, which
measures over 8000 meters
GEOGRAPHY OF INDIA
India is crowned by the great Himalayas in the northern end and surrounded by huge
oceans on the other three sides. While the Arabian Sea borders the south west side, the
south east is lulled by the Bay of Bengal and the southern tip, and Kanya Kumari (Cape
Cameron) is washed by the waves of the Indian Ocean. However such natural barriers like
mountains and the sea never presented any encumbrance in India's interaction with the rest
of the world. India lies to the north of the equator between 8.4 and 37.6 degrees north
latitude and 68.7 and 97.25 degrees east longitude. This also means that India's standard
time is 5.30 Hrs. ahead of the Greenwich Mean Time. India measures 3214 kms from north
to south and 2933 kms from east to west. It has a land frontier of 15,200 kms and a
coastline of 7516.5 kms. India shares its political borders with Pakistan and Afghanistan on
the west, Bangladesh and Burma in the east, Nepal, China, Tibet and Bhutan in the
north. As we are talking about the India’s variety of terrain, it is unmatched by any single
country in this world and can be only compared with the unpredictable weather here.
Starting from the high-altitude plains of Ladakh to the sweltering heat at the sand dunes of
the Thar, the Great Indian Desert, where camels plod in these widest of wide open spaces.
We have the Andaman’s tropical rain forests which are so dense, so impregnable that you
couldn’t even be able to see the front of your nose and we have the clear blue coral lagoons
in the beautiful seas of Lakshdweep. India proudly boasts of having the world’s highest
mountain range, the Himalayas and the ideal places to laze on the golden beaches stretched
along the 7,516.5 km coastline.
HISTORYOFTOURISMININDIA
In 2010, 25.8 million foreign tourists visited India. India generated about 200 billion US
dollars in 2008and that is expected to increase to US$375.5 billion by2018 at a 9.4% annual
growth rate.
The Travel&TourismCompetitiveness Report2007ranked tourism in India sixth in terms of price
competitiveness and 39th in terms of safety and security
Despite short- and medium-term setbacks, such as shortage of hotel rooms, tourism
revenues are expected to surge by 42% from 2007 to 2017.

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TOURISM IN INDIA
 Tourism in India isthe largest service industry, with a contribution of 6.23% to the national
GDP and 8.78%of the total employment in India.
 The majority of foreign tourists come from USA and UK.
 Kerala, Tamil Nadu, Delhi, Uttar Pradesh and Rajasthan are the top five states to
receive inbound tourists.
 Ministry of Tourism is the nodal agency to formulate national policies and programs
for the development and promotion of tourism.
 Concerted efforts are being made to promote new forms of tourism such as rural,
cruise, medical and eco-tourism
 India's thousands of years of history, its length, diversity and the variety
of geographic features make its tourism basket large and varied.
Government Policies
Goals and Objectives
 Toincreasetheshareininternationaltouristarrivals,whichisestimatedataround 0.5 %?
 Tohaveactiveparticipation and investment from private sector in tourismindustry.
 Special attention for infrastructure development in North East India And Jammu &
Kashmir
 Tohaveimprovementandenvironmental up-gradation of the protected monuments
 To give greater focus to rural tourism with the objective of eliminating poverty and creating
employment,withspecific emphasis on the status of the women andto encourage tribal
and local crafts
 Toimpartaspecialthrustto eco-tourism in all developmental activities
 To give due importance to domestic tourism, particularly tourism connected with
pilgrimages.
 To encourage Adventure Tourism for the new class of young tourists, having marked
preference for adventure sports and distant destinations.
 To effectively encourage special products that can attract tourists i.e. Yoga, Siddha,
Ayurveda,Indiancuisineetc.
 To conduct effective training programmes for capacity building of tourism service
providers and to increase employability of existing tourism service providers.
 TrainingofState Police to act as “TouristPolice”.
 To actively participate in activities of international organizations related to tourism
such as UN World Tourism Organisation and WorldTourismandTravelCouncil.
DEVELOPMENTAND CONSEQUENCES OF TOURISM
• The frameworks for and trends in tourism
• The globalization of tourism
• Information and communication technologies

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THE FRAMEWORKS FOR AND TRENDS IN TOURISM
 Globalization of the world economy.
 Growth in travel.
 Demographic revolution, socio-structural transformation.
 New wishes new tourism.
 Tourismandtheenvironment– a dilemma.
 Global information society.
INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATIONS TECHNOLOGIES
 Prospects for utilization
 New direct booking world
 Restructuring the market
THE MAIN BENEFITS INDIA GETS FROM TOURISM
 Economic Benefits
 Conservation of Cultural Heritage
 Renewal of Cultural Pride
AIMS AND OBJECTIVES
 To promote healthy relationship among individuals who are actively engaged in
tourism
 To institute awards, prizes and gifts for encouraging tourism
 Topromoteandimprovethestandardandqualityoftouristmovement in India
 To reward and recognise, persons and organisations working in the field of tourism.
 To establish a printing and publishing house or otherwise bring out periodicals,
magazines and books.
Tourism Polices
 Appreciate nature, promote conservation and provide for beneficially active socio-
economic involvement of local people. Our Ecotourism policy includes:
 Low-impact visitor behaviour
 Appreciation of, local cultures and biodiversity
 Support for local conservation efforts
 Sustainable benefits to local communities
 Local participation in decision-making
 Educational benefits for traveller and local communities
Problems Development In Tourism Of India
1. Non Implementation of Legislative Law
2. Excessive formalities for an issue of special permit to view restricted areas sites like
Sundarbans etc.
3. Untrained Guides & Shepras

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4.LackofInfrastructureRoads,FlyoversTelecommunication and Virtual Network
5.LackofFacilitiestoTouristlikeFreshWater,WaitingRoom, lock Room, Food & Beverages
6.Touristoftenfacesfraud,cheating,theftsbysmall and medium gangs.
7. Communication and culture problem
8. Mistrust of local people in Tourism Industry India by and large is more dominated by
agriculture sector.
9. Lack of Financial support.
10. Inconsistent Community Organization.
11. Poor Administration & management.
12. Public does not know the culture, language of other countries but also it is unaware of
the culture language of other region in India.
Tourism sector towards globalization
 The Asian American Hotel Owners Association (AAHOA) has committed to promote
India as a tourist destination in the US through its network of 22,000 member hotels.
Strategic tie-ups with such associations could be a significant factor in the years to
come, since over 40 per cent of American hotels are owned and operated by People
of Indian Origin (PIO).
International Recognition
 India has been elected to head the UN World Tourism Organisation (UNWTO), the
highest policy making world tourism body represented by 150 countries.
 The world's leading travel and tourism journal, "Conde Nast Traveller”, ranked India
as the numero uno travel destination in the world.
 The "Incredible India" campaign has been ranked as the Highest Recall
Advertisement worldwide by "Travel and Leisure".
 India's Taj Mahal continues to figure in the Seven Wonders of the World.
 Bangalore-based Leela Palace Kempinski has been rated as the favourite business
hotel in the world in a Readers' Choice Awards by CondeNastTraveller.
Social Media
To promote any destination as a tourist destination, it is important to provide accurate
information which is easily accessible through various media. Thus, having a good website
which includes information regarding tourist attractions, connectivity, best time to travel,
tourist facilities and accommodation becomes imperative for promoting any destination.
While some of these locations have good websites such as Hampi, Diu and Great Rann of
Kutch (Rann Utsav), many locations do not have functional sites/have outdated sites. For
instance, Chitrakoot does not have a detailed website promoting itself as a tourist
destination.
Organization of marquee events/ festivals
A theme-based event such as a global race, trek or excursion can be organized at these
locations. For instance, a camel race on the lines of the Boat Race Festival can be held in the
Rann of Kutch as well as in the Deserts of Rajasthan. These should be global events held
over several days to attract tourists.
.

14. 14
Agra
Agra’s Taj Mahal is one of the most famous buildings in
the world, the mausoleum of Shah Jahan’s favorite wife,
Mumtaz Mahal. It is one of the New Seven Wonders of the
world, and one of three World Heritage Sites in Agra.
Completed in 1653, the Taj Mahal was built by the Mughal
king ShahJahan as the final resting place for his beloved
wife, Mumtaz Mahal. Finished in marble, it is perhaps
India’s most fascinating and beautiful monument. This
perfectly symmetrical monument took 22 years (1630-
1652) of hard labour and 20,000 workers, masons and
jewelers to build and is set amidst landscaped gardens.
Jaipur / Udaipur
Jaipur is also popularly known as the Pink City, is the
capital of the Indian state of Rajasthan. Jaipur is a very
famous tourist and education destination in India Lots of
people flock to Jaipur to view the various forts and
monuments in Jaipur which reflect its glorious past.
Tourism is a significant part of Jaipur’s economy. Some
of the world’s best hotels are located here
Forts & Monuments
 Hawa Mahal ,Amber Fort, Jaigarh Fort,
Nahargarh Fort, City Palace Jantar Mantar, Diwan-e-Aam, City Palace
 Jal Mahal, Rambagh Palace, Chandra Mahal, The City Palace, Jaipur,Central Museum,
(Albert Hall Museum)
Goa
Goa is Famous for its pristine beaches, infact 90% of all the
tourism in Goa happens only for its beautiful beaches in
Coastal Areas. Goa has two main tourist seasons: winter and
summer. In the winter time, tourists from abroad (mainly
Europe) come to Goa to enjoy the splendid climate. In the
summertime (which, in Goa, is the rainy season), tourists
from across India come to spend the holidays. In 2008 there
were more than three million tourists reported to have
visited Goa, more than half million of whom were from
Foreign visitors. In fact, many foreigners have made Goa as
there home for its laid-back and relaxed lifestyle !
TOURIST DESTINATION PLACE IN INDIA

15. 15
Kashmir
Kashmir was once called Heaven on Earth, and once
of the most beautiful places in the world. However,
in last couple of decades, terrorism has faded its
charm – A place home to Himalayan Ranges. The
State of Jammu & Kashmir has main three
geographical regions known as “The Lesser
Himalayas” or the “Jhelum Valley” (Kashmir), “The
Inner Himalayas” or “The Indus Valley” (Ladakh &
Frontier areas) also called “Trans-Himalayas”, and
“The Outer-Himalayas” or “The Southern mountain
range” (Jammu). The area of Jammu & Kashmir is 2,
22,236 square kilometers
Kanyakumari
Though there are several places of tourist-interest in the
town and district, Kanyakumari is especially popular in
India for its spectacular and unique sunrise and sunset.
The confluence of three ocean bodies – the Bay of
Bengal, the Indian Ocean, and the Arabian Sea – makes
the sunrise and sunset even more special. On balmy,
full-moon evenings, one can also see the moon-rise and
sunset at the same time – on either side of the horizon
Kerala (Backwaters)
Kerala, situated on the lush and tropical Malabar Coast,
is one of the most popular tourist destinations in India.
Named as one of the “ten paradises of the world” and
“50 places of a lifetime” by the National Geographic
Traveler magazine, Kerala is especially known for its
ecotourism initiatives, Beautiful Backwaters and
Alternative healing massages.
Old Delhi
Delhi, Capital of India has many attractions like mosques,
forts and other monuments that represent India’s history.
The important places in Old Delhi include the majestic Red
Fort. New Delhi on the other hand houses many
government buildings and embassies, apart from places of
historical interest.
 The Qutub Minar, Red Fort and Humayun’s Tomb
have been declared World Heritage Sites.

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Ajanta Ellora
Ajantha & Ellora are 28 – 30 rock-cut cave monuments
created during the first century BC and 5th century AD,
containing paintings and sculptures considered to be
masterpieces of both Buddhist religious art and universal
pictorial art. The caves are located just outside the village
of Ajantha / Ellora in Aurangabad district in the Indian
state of Maharashtra.
 Since 1983, the Ajanta & Ellora Caves have been
a UNESCO World Heritage Site.
Darjeeling
Darjeeling in India owes’ its grandeur to its
natural beauty, its clean fresh mountain air and
above all, the smiling resilient people for whom
it is a home. Known for its natural splendor,
Darjeeling’s best gift to its’ visitors is the dawn
of a new day. The mountains awaken first with a
tentative peeking of the sun. A steep ride, five
kilometers from Ghoom, or an invigorating walk
up a steep incline, leads sun worshippers to
Tiger Hill. The air is chilly with darkness and
damp. To the east, a dull orange sun emerged
painting the sky with brilliant strokes of
magenta, gold, orange and fuchsia. The snow
capped Everest, Kabru, Kanchenjunga, Jannu and
other peaks slowly emerge from slumber to start
a new day. The sun worshippers gasp at the
magnificent sight.
Mysore
Mysore is a tourism hot spot within the state of Karnataka
and also acts as a base for other tourist places in the vicinity
of the city. The city receives the maximum number of tourists
during the period of the Dasara festival when festivities take
place for a period of 10 days. One of the most visited
monuments in India, the Ambavilas Palace (also known as
Mysore Palace) is the center of the Dasara festivities.

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Leh / Ladakh
The Ladakh capital city of Leh lies near the eastern parts of Jammu
and Kashmir, on the crossroads of the historic “Silk Route” from
Sinkiang to West Asia and to the plains of India. The humbling
monasteries of Shey, Hemis, Alchi, Thikse and Lamayuru will
nurture your spiritual needs, and the landscape of Leh provides for
a number of adventure activities including mountaineering, white-
water rafting and trekking along the Markha Valley.
Gangtok
The capital of the state of Sikkim, Gangtok
is an attractive tourist destination,
reflecting a unique ambience which derives
from its happy blend of tradition and
modernity. Alongside the deeply felt
presence of stupas and monasteries,
Gangtok also bustles like any other thriving
town. Some of the key places to visit
include Rumtek Monastery, Do-Drul
Chorten, Enchey Monastery, Tashi View
Point and the local bazaar, Lal Bazaar.
Rohtang Pass
If you are fond of cooler temperatures, Snows and mountains, Rohtang Pass HAS to be on
your list! There are multiple reasons for it
First and foremost, Rohtang Pass is one of the very few places in India where you will find
snow throughout the year – if you love skiing, you cannot miss this place.

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Development of theme-based activities
While natural beauty and heritage buildings attract tourists, what make them stay for a
longer period are options of diverse activities. Therefore, based on the nature of each
location, sporting activities could be promoted. For instance, a good mix of water sports
could turn Diu (as also Goa) into a destination that is sought after by younger tourists.
Provision of basic tourist facilities
Some of these locations lack basic tourist facilities such as security, guided tours, clean and
accessible toilets and easy access for differently abled persons. This needs to be addressed
on a priority basis.
Preservation of heritage and nature
Some of these locations are also in urgent need of preservation. It is therefore important
that tourism is promoted in an ecologically sensitive manner and revenues from it are used
to preserve monuments or the ecology. For instance, preservation of the Elephanta Caves in
Maharashtra and the ruins in Hampi should be an ongoing process to ensure that they
remain as close to their original state as possible. Rapid erosion of Majuli Island in Assam is
a problem that can have consequences as dire as the entire island being wiped out and
thus needs immediate attention.
INDIA GDP: DIRECT CONTRIBUTION & GDP: TOTAL CONTRIBUTION
The direct contribution of Travel & Tourism to GDP in 2017 was INR5,943.3bn (3.7% of GDP).
This is forecast to rise by 7.6% to INR6,392.7bn in 2018. This primarily reflects the economic
activity generated by industries such as hotels, travel agents, airlines and other passenger
transportation services (excluding commuter services). But it also includes, for example, the
activities of the restaurant and leisure industries directly supported by tourists. The direct
contribution of Travel & Tourism to GDP is expected to grow by 7.1% pa to INR12, 677.9bn
(3.9% of GDP) by 2028. The total contribution of Travel & Tourism to GDP (including wider
effects from investment, the supply chain and induced income impacts, see was INR15,
239.6bn in 2017 (9.4% of GDP) and is expected to grow by 7.5% to INR16, 386.5bn (9.4% of
GDP) in 2018. It is forecast to rise by 6.9% pa to INR32, 053.3bn by 2028 (9.9% of GDP).

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INDIA TRAVEL & TOURISM'S CONTRIBUTION TO EMPLOYMENT
Travel & Tourism generated 26,148,000 jobs directly in 2017 (5.0% of total employment)
and this is forecast to grow by 2.8% in 2018 to 26,883,000 (5.1% of total employment). This
includes employment by hotels, travel agents, airlines and other passenger transportation
services (excluding commuter services). It also includes, for example, the activities of the
restaurant and leisure industries directly supported by tourists. By 2028, Travel & Tourism
will account for 33,195,000 jobs directly, an increase of 2.1% pa over the next ten years.
VISITOR EXPORTS
Visitor exports are a key component of the direct contribution of Travel & Tourism. In 2017,
India generated INR1, 777.1bn in visitor exports. In 2018, this is expected to grow by 8.8%,
and the country is expected to attract 18,655,000 international tourist arrivals. By 2028,
international tourist arrivals are forecast to total 30,469,000, generating expenditure of
INR3, 316.4bn, an increase of 5.5%
INVESTMENT
Travel & Tourism is expected to have attracted capital investment of INR2, 706.1bn in 2017.
This is expected to rise by 6.7% in 2018, and rise by 6.7% pa over the next ten years to INR5,
546.3bn in 2028. Travel & Tourism’s share of total national investment will fall from 6.3% in
2018 to 6.1% in 2028.
INDIA: VISITOR EXPORTS AND INVESTMENT

20. 20
COUNTRY RANKINGS: REAL GROWTH, 2018

21. 21
SUMMARY TABLES: ESTIMATES & FORECASTS

22. 22
ECONOMIC CONTRIBUTION OF TRAVEL & TOURISM: REAL 2017 PRICES

23. 23
THE ECONOMIC CONTRIBUTION OF TRAVEL & TOURISM: NOMINAL PRICES

24. 24
THE ECONOMIC CONTRIBUTION OF TRAVEL & TOURISM: GROWTH

25. 25
13.4% growth in Foreign Tourist Arrivals in March, 2018 over March, 2017 68.8% growth in
Foreign Tourist Arrivals on e-Tourist Visa in March, 2018 over March, 2017
Ministry of Tourism compiles monthly Foreign Tourist Arrivals (FTAs) & FTAs on e-Tourist
Visa on the basis of information received from Bureau of Immigration (BOI). The following
are the important highlights regarding FTAs and FTAs on e-Tourist Visa during the month of
March, 2018:
Foreign Tourist Arrivals (FTAs)
 FTAs in March 2018 were 10.26 lakh as compared to 9.05 lakh in March 2017
registering a growth of 13.4%.
 FTAs during the period January-March 2018 were 31.27 lakh as compared to 28.45
lakh in January-March 2017 registering a growth of 9.9%.
 The percentage share of Foreign Tourist Arrivals in India during March 2018 among
the top 15 source countries was highest from Bangladesh (19.59%) followed by UK
(11.56%), USA (10.79%), Russian
 Federation (3.89%), Sri Lanka (3.72%), Malaysia (3.36%), Canada (3.35%), Germany
(3.19%), China (2.67%), Australia (2.62%), France (2.58%), Japan (2.11%), Thailand
(2.00%), Singapore (1.64%) and Afghanistan (1.60%).
 The percentage share of Foreign Tourist Arrivals in India during March 2018 among
the top 15 ports was highest at Delhi Airport (30.68%) followed by Mumbai Airport
(14.31%), Haridaspur Land Check Post (9.12%), Chennai Airport (6.53%), Goa Airport
(4.87%), Bengaluru Airport (4.73%), Kolkata Airport (4.66%), Cochin Airport (3.29%),
Sonauli Airport (2.45%), Hyderabad Airport (2.39%), Gede Rail Land Check Post
(2.20%), Amritsar Airport (1.65%), Ghojadanga Land Check Post (1.40%) Ahmedabad
Airport (1.37%), and Trivandrum Airport (1.21%).
FTAs on e-Tourist Visa:
 During the month of March, 2018 a total of 2.46 lakh tourist arrived on e-Tourist Visa
as compared to 1.46 lakh during the month of March, 2017 registering a growth of
68.8%.
 During January-March 2018, a total of 7.62 lakh tourists arrived on e-Tourist Visa as
compared to 4.67 lakh during January-March 2017, registering a growth of 63.0%
 The percentage shares of top 15 source countries availing e-Tourist Visa facilities
during March, 2018 were highest from UK (19.6%) followed by USA (9.8%), Russian
Federation (6.0%), France (5.5%), China (5.3%), Germany (5.3%), Canada (4.8%),
Australia (3.3%), Thailand (2.8%), Italy (2.2%), Malaysia (1.9%), Spain (1.9%) Oman
(1.9%), Republic of Korea (1.9%) and Singapore (1.9%).
 The percentage shares of top 15 ports in tourist arrivals on e-Tourist Visa during
March 2018 were highest from New Delhi Airport (46.0%), Mumbai Airport (16.8%),
Dabolim (Goa) Airport (9.5%), Chennai Airport (5.8%), Bengaluru Airport (5.2%),
Kochi Airport (3.1%), Kolkata Airport (2.7%), Hyderabad Airport (2.0%), Amritsar
Airport (1.9%), Trivandrum Airport (1.2%), Ahmedabad Airport (1.0%), Jaipur Airport
(0.9%), Gaya Airport (0.7%), Mumbai Seaport (0.6%) and Tirchy Airport (0.6%).
The three India states to top Foreign Tourist
 Maharashtra, Tamil Nadu and Uttar Pradesh have come out as top three winners in
Foreign Tourist Visit These three states have topped with massive numbers and have
left all others far behind. As per the survey, last year Indian witnessed a whopping
Press Information Bureau Government of India Ministry of Tourism

26. 26
2,68,86,638 foreigners footfall. Among this Maharashtra alone is accountable for
50,78,514 such visits, Tamil Nadu recorded 48,60,455 FTVs while Uttar Pradesh with
35,56,204 FTVs, secured third position in the list. When it comes to domestic
travellers, Tamil Nadu ranks number one with more than 34,50,61,140 Domestic
Tourist Visits (DTVs). Second in line is Uttar Pradesh at 23,39,77,619 DTVs
and Karnataka secured the third position Well it is great to see such states doing so
good in travel and tourism sector. Maharashtra, the hub of Bollywood, with its
golden past and beaches has always attracted people from over the globe. The state
is home to some scenic beaches such as beaches at Velas, Ganapatipule, Tarkali,
Guhagar, Shrivardhan and Shiroda, among others. Tamil Nadu, on the other hand, is
a state with tranquil cities, clean beaches and gorgeous temples.
Conclusion
India is one of the oldest countries in the world, full of charming and attractive historical
sites and challenging and mysterious stories that were laid in the foundation of Indian cities,
regions and even buildings. India is the country of contrasts from architectural and cultural
perspectives. If you want to amuse yourself with food, culture, language, clothing and
various traditions, India is the right place for you to visit. With the population of over one
billion people, India is very multicultural and each of the twenty eight states in the country
has its unique identity that determines and directs its history. Everybody knows and heard
the names of Taj Mahal. it was declared a winner of the New7Wonders of the World (2000–
2007) initiative
It is expected that tourism has potential to provide 7 million new jobs, provided that
potential of tourism resources is effectively exploited. The potential of tourism in India can
be viewed against the global scenarios. Globally tourism has touched $ 476 billion tourism
receipts with the 10.6 per cent of the global workforce, 10.2 per cent contribution to GDP,
generating tax revenues of $ 655 billion and gross out put of $ 3.4 trillion. However, India's
share in global tourism is dismal. It is to be noted that tourism in India during last 50 years
has shown tremendous progress
Thus, India has to evolve the strategies of tourism development to make a respectable
position in the global tourism industry. Many factors have contributed to this growth. The
tremendous changes in the civil aviation sector, rapid developments in world economy,
increasing levels of individual earnings, and marketing of tourism destinations are some of
the important factors, which led to the growth of tourism industry.
The above opportunities in tourism sector in the changing global situations also demand for
management strategies to face them effectively and avail the opportunities to its potential.
In brief these specific issues of marketing strategy are:
 There is need for a new market strategy which must be driven by new technology
and with the tune of business environment;
 India’s new tourism destinations have to be assessed and their effective marketing is
needed;
 India should adopt the policy of tourism promotion through offering incentives and
marketing;
 Tourism related infrastructure and services should be expanded and further developed.
WTO has estimated that there will be 1.6 billion international tourists by the year 2020 and Asia
will emerge as the second region to be the most visited in the world. India being rich in cultural
and natural heritage is likely to experience its share in global tourism.

27. 27
INTRODUCTION
Tourism is one of the most important and vital sectors in Italy. Italy is
probably one of the first countries that made tourism what it is today. International travel
first became important under the Roman Empire. Latin was the common language day. The
word feria first appeared in the ancient Rome, which means festival and it took the meaning
of vacation. The Latin festival was the first mobile holiday, far from one’s residence.
Domestic tourism flourished within the Roman Empire’s heartland, it attracted thousands to
the city and country all over the empire which included most if the Mediterranean, North
Africa, mainland Great Britain and the parts of the Middle East. Traders and merchants
came to Italy from several parts of the world.
Italy’s competitiveness at the international level is essential for an industry that increasingly
operates in the global market place. This chapter examines some of the major challenges
and opportunities currently facing Italian tourism and its potential further development in
the regions. The analysis is based on an initial consideration of tourism in the economy, the
trend of domestic and inbound arrivals and overnight stays at both national and regional
levels, accommodation supply and transport infrastructure.
Italy Location
Italy is located in Europe and is approximately 116,320
square miles. From north to south it measures 708 miles
and 320 miles east to west. Countries that border Italy
are France to the west, Switzerland and Austria to the
north, and Slovenia to the east. Two independent
countries are located within Italy's borders. The small
Republic of San Marino is in north central Italy and the
Vatican City is located completely within the city of
Rome. The boot shaped peninsula is bordered on three
sides by water. The seas that it touches within the Mediterranean Sea are the Tyrrhenian
Sea to the west, the Ionian Sea to the south, and the Adriatic Sea to the east.
Name Italian republic
Capital Rome
Currency Euro(€)
Language Italian(official) German, French.
Population(2018) 59,290,969
Entire Area total: 301,340km² water: 7,200km² land: 294,140km2
Neighbours
countries
France, Switzerland, Slovenia, Austria. In north, peninsula situated in
Mediterranean sea, ligurian and Tyrrhenian sea to the west ,
Mediterranean and lonian sea in south and Adriatic sea to the east.
Time Zone UTC+1
Religion Roman Catholic
Places of Interest Rome, Venice, Naples, Milan.
General Information

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Geography
Italy is mostly a hilly and mountainous country, but is also known for its warm, sandy
beaches. It contains two mountain ranges. The Alps run across the northern border of the
country, while the Apennines form the backbone that runs nearly the entire peninsula. The
Po Valley is located between the Alps and the Apennines, and contains some of Italy's best
agricultural land. The boot of Italy is composed of broad plateaus.
Climate
The climate of Italy is highly diverse. Most of Italy has hot, dry summers, with July being the
hottest month of the year. Winters are cold and damp in the North, and milder in the South.
Conditions on peninsular coastal areas can be very different from the interior's higher
ground and valleys, particularly during the winter months when the higher altitudes tend to
be cold, wet, and often snowy. The Alps have a mountain climate, with cool summers and
very cold winters.
About the Country
 The birthplace of Western culture.
 Nicknamed the Bel Paese (the Beautiful Country).
 Worldwide famous for its delicious cuisine, its trendy fashion industry, luxury sports
cars and motorcycles, diverse regional cultures, rich art, priceless ancient
monuments, dialects, beautiful coastlines, beaches, alpine lakes and mountain
ranges.
 The best time to visit this country from March to October.
 There are many famous personalities belong from this country such as Leonardo da
Vinci, Galileo, Polo, Columbus
Currency
The official currency of Italy today is the lira. However, in 1992, the countries of the European union
established a common currency -- the euro. They also permanently fixed the euro-individual
currency exchange rate. In 2002 the new currency will begin circulating and replace the lira. It is
hoped this will bring more prosperity to Europe and allow more trading with its current trade
partners, mainly the U .S.
Language
Italian evolved from Latin. It is the official language of Italy. Regional dialects are still spoken, which
differ significantly from each other. In the north there are small pockets which speak French,
German, Slovenian (a Slavic language), and Ladin (similar to Swiss). In the south there are a few
communities which speak Greek or Albanian.
Trade
Italy does a lot of international trading. Its major trading partners are Germany, France, the
United States, and Britain. Italy's main exports include clothing and shoes, motor vehicles,
machinery, chemicals, fruits and vegetables. The main imports are machinery, petroleum,
motor vehicles, textile yarns, metals, and food. Italy has had an unfavourable balance of
trade since the early 1980's, due largely to the importation of fossil fuels, especially
petroleum. This is somewhat offset by the large tourism industry

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Food
Food is very important in Italy. Italians take great pride in their cooking. The large meal is
traditionally served at noon. Large meals usually start out with antipasto (appetizers). This is
followed by a course of pasta. In the north,cream sauce with flat pasta is standard. In the
south tomato based sauce with macaroni pasta is preferred. Soups of many different kinds
may substitute for the pasta course. After the pasta course, he main course of meat is
served. Veal and pork are the most popular types of meat. Cheese is also a common item on
the menu. Wine is served with every meal except breakfast.
UNESCO World Heritage sites of Italy
Italy has 47 UNESCO World Heritage sites; It contains the greatest number of UNESCO World
Heritage Sites in the world. a mark of the culture and geographic richness of the nation. That
is more than any other country and represents around 5% of the world heritage sites, in
below they are listed in roughly geographical order, starting in the north and continuing to
the south and islands.
Tourism and Culture in Italy
Cultural tourism in Italy is on the rise, according to the 12th
edition of Fed culture Annual
Report. The data show that in 2015 Italian families spent €67.8 billion on culture. This
represents an increase of 4% compared to 2014. Since 2011-2013 the numbers have risen
by 6%, with more than €4 billion more of spending in the period under review. Fed culture is
now ranked among the most efficient European public institutions working on development
and management of culture.
However, cultural tourism expenditure is struggling. In 2015 there was just a 0.6% increase,
which is still lower by 2% compared to 2013. On the other hand, museums are more
visited, with a 7% percent increase in ticket sales to 2.2 million. The same can be said
about theatres (+4%) and concert halls (+6%). Over the two years the audience of theatres
and cinemas increased by 8%. Museum visits rose by 18% and concert attendance by 11%.
Only 18.5% of the Italian population admitted to not have benefited from any kind of
cultural entertainment. The number was 19.3% the year before.
According to ISTAT data, geography of cultural tourism in Italy is more or less as expected. In
areas with higher GDP the expenditure on culture is higher. Trentino Alto Adige is in first
place, with more than 203 euro per capita spent on culture per month. Emilia Romagna and
Lombardy are right behind. In the poorest regions, the expenditures are much smaller,
notably Calabria and Basilicata, where the cultural expenditure per capita amounts to 59
euros per month.
Cultural tourism in Italy also grew by 7% in terms of arrivals. The country has recovered 18
positions in the ranking of tourism competitiveness of the World Economic Forum. From
26th
place in 2013 to eighth in 2015. However, as the report by Fedeculture explained,
arrivals are still heavily concentrated only on some regions and the landmarks of the

30. 30
South especially are not adequately exploited. This is confirmed by the fact that 64.5% of
foreign tourists spending come from five regions (Lazio, Lombardy, Veneto, Tuscany,
Campania). There are big differences among regions, for example, in Lombardy foreign
tourists spent 6 billion euros, in Sardinia one-tenth of that, 600 million.
Effects of Tourism in Italy
Home to the eternal city of Rome, the leaning tower of Pisa, gastronomically
delights beyond measure and miles upon miles of glorious Mediterranean
beaches; Italy is one of the world's top travel destinations. Tens of millions of
tourists from all over the world flood its picturesque locations every year. But
besides the obvious economic boons of massive tourism -- over $40 billion a year,
according to the Italian Central Bank -- all those visitors could be damaging to the
country on multiple levels.
Tourism and Crowding
One obvious effect of mass tourism in Italy is the sheer number of people packed
into its most visited historic sites. A 2012 study published in the journal "Tourism
Geographies" on the effect of tourist crowding on Florence, one of Italy's most
popular destinations, found that the tightly packed crowds during high tourist
season are a cause of stress to locals and tourists alike, and an overabundance of
tourists was identified as a negative aspect to those both visiting and living in
Florence.
Loss of Authentic Culture Due to Tourism
The reason the word "touristy" often has a negative connotation is its association
with low quality business, also called "tourist traps." Rome, which receives over
10 million visitors annually, is Italy's prime example of this cultural
"Disneyfication." According to a 2010 study by Sapienza University of Rome, the
city is undergoing a rapid transformation because of tourism. The study claims a
model of "fast tourism" is developing in Rome, in which global fast food, chain
hotels and mall style shopping typify much of the tourist experience outside of
the "sightseeing" of Rome's historic and cultural sites. The study ends by
recommending that Rome take steps to protect its unique heritage, including
supporting local brands and small businesses, especially in the city's historic core.
Environmental Effects of Tourism
Cruise ships, tour buses, heavy air traffic and tons of people stomping all over
natural places are bound to take their toll on Italy as well. In Venice, built on a
fragile ecosystem of canals in a natural lagoon, the effects of mass tourism are
causing an environmental crisis. According to Italian architects, the city gets
almost twice as much human traffic as it should, and the fact that much of the
transport system in the city is aquatic has led to a serious disruption of the
freshwater ecosystem. In fact, damage to the lagoon system, which is caused by
propellers of ships, has led to the lagoon becoming almost as salty as the
surrounding Adriatic Sea.

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Visa Policy of Italy
Italy is the part of Schengen area. So its visa Policy is same of Schengen Countries.
 A transit through or an intended stay in the territory of the Schengen States of a
duration of no more than 90 days in any 180 day period ("short stay visa"),
 A transit through the international transit areas of airports of the Schengen States
("airport transit visa").
Generally the visa issued allows you to visit any of the Schengen States during the same trip,
within the validity of the visa.
A Schengen visa is not appropriate, if you wish to remain in a Schengen country for longer
than 90 days, take up employment or establish a business, trade or profession.
Family members of EU citizens who have exercised their right of free movement (meaning
that the EU citizen resides in or travels to a Member State other than his/her country of
origin) benefit from certain procedural facilitations. The basic criteria to be fulfilled are the
following:
 the EU citizen has exercised his/her right of free movement
 the family member (applicant) belongs to one of the categories covered by Directive
2004/38/EC
 the family member (applicant) accompanies the EU citizen or joins him/her in the
Schengen State of destination.
Top Tourist Attraction place in Italy
As the birthplace of the Roman Empire and the Renaissance, it's not surprising that Italy
should be so rich in masterpieces of art and architecture, or that it should have more
UNESCO World Heritage cultural sites than any other country in the world. But Italy's top
attractions for tourists are not all art and architecture; the country is blessed with lakes,
mountains, and a dramatic coastline that give it outstanding natural attractions, as well. This
list of top places to visit is only the beginning of outstanding things to see and do in Italy.
Colosseum
For travellers making their way through Italy, the Colosseum
is a must see. This huge Amphitheatre is the largest of its kind
ever built by the Roman Empire and has remained a model
for sports facilities right up to modern times. Built as a venue
for public spectacles and shows - even mock sea battles, it
had a wooden floor that was 83 by 48 meters. Underneath it
were two stories of tunnels, rooms, cells, and passages for
gladiators, workers, wild animals, and storage. Today, the
structure stands in stark contrast to the modern
development that surrounds it and is a prominent reminder
of ancient times and the extensive history of Rome.

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Venice Canals
A gondola ride through the canals of Venice is a tradition that
travelers have been enjoying for centuries. Venice is a city of
islands, and the canals have long been the city's main streets,
connected by a labyrinth of narrow passageways. Lining the
canals are old buildings that have remained relatively
unchanged for hundreds of years, adding to the romantic
charm. The Grand Canal is the most famous of these waterways
and one of the most photographed sites in Venice. The best way
to see many of the grand palaces, whose fronts face the water,
is from a Vaporetto ride along the Grand Canal
Pompeii
The still smoking volcano of Mt. Vesuvius looks down on the
remains of the city it destroyed in AD 79. But that same
eruption also preserved many of the city's art treasures:
frescoes, mosaics, and sculptures that were encased in the lava
as it cooled. Several centuries of excavations have revealed the
remains of houses, markets, baths, temples, theaters, streets,
and human remains. Visitors can tour the site, walk along the
old streets scarred by the tracks of chariots, and see the
engineering used by Romans more than 2,000 years ago
Leaning Tower of Pisa
The Leaning Tower of Pisa is actually just one of many
attractions in the city of Pisa, but its fame, gained from its flaw,
is world renown. Work began on the tower in the 1100s, and
the sinking, which led to the lean, began by the time the tower
reached the third story. Prior to restoration work in the 1990s,
it was predicted to topple over by the year 2000. Today, visitors
can climb up the stairs of the tower for a fabulous view over
the city. The Leaning Tower, also known as La Torre Pendente,
stands on the Piazza dei Miracoli, a setting it shares with the
beautiful Romanesque Cathedral of Santa Maria Assunta and a
round freestanding baptistery. Each of these features
outstanding works of medieval stone carving.

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Lake Como
Lake Como is one of Italy's most scenic areas, surrounded by
mountains and lined by small picturesque towns. A haunt of the
wealthy since Roman times, the lake has many opulent villas and
palaces along its wooded shores, many of them surrounded by
gardens that are open to the public. The mild climate that makes
the lake shore ideal for gardens is also a draw for tourists, with
characteristics similar to that of the Mediterranean. Along with
the resort towns around the lake, there's an 11th-century abbey.
Amalfi Coast
The Amalfi Coast, a UNESCO World Heritage Site, is a stunning
stretch of coastline along the Sorrentine Peninsula, south of Naples
and Sorrento. Hillside towns are built precariously along the steep
mountainsides that cascade down to the sea. The main towns
along here are Positano and Amalfi, with its colorfully domed
cathedral. You can tour the coast by road or hop between towns by
boat for different perspectives of the dramatic and almost vertical
shore
Florence Duomo Santa Maria del Fiore
Regarded as one of the finest cathedrals in the world, the Duomo
Santa Maria del Fiore, or the Cathedral of Santa Maria del Fiore,
dominates the Florence skyline. The cathedral was built between
the 13th and 15th centuries, with the most famous piece being
the extraordinary dome, completed by Filippo Brunelleschi in
1434. The cathedral's bell tower stands close beside the cathedral
in Piazza del Duomo, covered in the same patterned marble
typical of Tuscan Romanesque architecture. Designed by Giotto,
the campanile stands 82 meters tall and can be climbed. Its 414
steps lead up to a viewing platform with fantastic views of the
city. Opposite the Duomo is a magnificent baptistery, famed for
its bronze paneled doors.
Cinque Terre
Cinque Terre is a lovely coastal region with steep hills and sheer
cliffs overlooking the Mediterranean. The five picturesque
villages of Monterosso al Mare, Vernazza, Corniglia, Manarola,
and Riomaggiore can be reached by several means, joined to
each other by walking paths, a railroad that tunnels through the
headlands to emerge at each town, or a scenic narrow road high
on the hillside above. Hiking between the villages is one of the
most popular things to do as it gives travelers the chance to
enjoy the landscape. The small towns have maintained a feel of
old-world fishing villages and offer a sense of remoteness even
in the face of modern tourism.

34. 34
The Uffizi Gallery
In addition to being one of the world's foremost art
museums, the Uffizi is a one-stop history of Italian
Renaissance art. Although it contains works by some of
the great masters of western art, its greatest treasure is
its collection of paintings that show stepby-step the
evolution in painting that occurred here from the 14th to
the 16th centuries. Here, you will see the first
experiments with perspective, as well as some of the
early portraits as painters moved beyond religious art,
and some of the first use of naturalistic and scenic
backgrounds in religious art. Be sure to see the Uffizi's
most famous work: Botticelli's Birth of Venus.
Roman Forum
The Roman Forum may require a little imagination to
understand exactly what this area once looked like. However,
its historical significance as the heart of the Roman Empire
cannot be overstated. Pillars, partial structures, and
foundations of former temples, market halls, courts, and
public buildings pay tribute to Ancient Rome, which stood
here for a thousand years.
Capri
The Blue Grotto is one of the most visited spots in all Italy, but
there are other reasons for taking the short boat ride from
Naples, Sorrento or the Amalfi Coast to the fabled Isle of Capri.
The steep rocky island juts from an intensely blue sea, its
craggy cliffs softened by green pines and tropical plants. The
Blue Grotto is only one of the sea caves that cut its cliffs, and
the best way to see these, along with the three signature rocks
off the south coast known as the Faraglioni, is on a boat tour
around the island. Several villas and gardens are open to
tourists, and walking trails invite exploration. From almost
anywhere on the island you can be certain of a good view.

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TRAVEL & TOURISM'S CONTRIBUTION TO GDP
GDP: DIRECT CONTRIBUTION
The direct contribution of Travel & Tourism to GDP was EUR94.1bn (USD106.8bn), 5.5% of
total GDP in 2017 and is forecast to rise by 1.9% in 2018, and to rise by 1.9% pa, from 2018-
2028, to EUR116.2bn (USD131.9bn), 6.2% of total GDP in 2028.
 The direct contribution of Travel & Tourism to GDP in 2017 was EUR94.1bn (5.5% of
GDP). This is forecast to rise by 1.9% to EUR95.9bn in 2018.
 This primarily reflects the economic activity generated by industries such as hotels,
travel agents, airlines and other passenger transportation services (excluding
commuter services). But it also includes, for example, the activities of the restaurant
and leisure industries directly supported by tourists.
 The direct contribution of Travel & Tourism to GDP is expected to grow by 1.9% pa to
EUR116.2bn (6.2% of GDP) by 2028.
GDP: TOTAL CONTRIBUTION
The total contribution of Travel & Tourism to GDP was EUR223.2bn (USD253.5bn), 13.0% of GDP in
2017, and is
forecast to rise by 1.8% in 2018, and to rise by 1.7% pa to EUR268.8bn (USD305.2bn), 14.3% of GDP in
2028.
 The total contribution of Travel & Tourism to GDP (including wider effects from
investment, the supply chain and induced income impacts, EUR223.2bn in 2017
(13.0% of GDP) and is expected to grow by 1.8% to EUR227.3bn (13.1% of GDP) in
2018.
 It is forecast to rise by 1.7% pa to EUR268.8bn by 2028 (14.3% of GDP).

36. 36
VISITOR EXPORTS
 Visitor exports are a key component of the direct contribution of Travel & Tourism.
In 2017, Italy generated EUR39.6bn in visitor exports. In 2018, this is expected to
grow by 3.9%, and the country is expected to attract 57,406,000 international
tourists
 By 2028, international tourist arrivals are forecast to total 82,952,000, generating
expenditure of EUR56.8bn, an increase of 3.3% pa.
.
INVESTMENT
 Travel & Tourism is expected to have attracted capital investment of EUR10.2bn in
2017. This is expected to rise by 4.2% in 2018, and rise by 1.8% pa over the next ten
years to EUR12.7bn in 2028.
 Travel & Tourism’s share of total national investment will rise from 3.4% in 2018 to
3.8% in 2028.

37. 37
SUMMARY TABLES: ESTIMATES & FORECASTS

38. 38
THE ECONOMIC CONTRIBUTION OF TRAVEL & TOURISM: REAL 2017 PRICES

39. 39
THE ECONOMIC CONTRIBUTION OF TRAVEL & TOURISM: NOMINAL PRICES

40. 40
THE ECONOMIC CONTRIBUTION OF TRAVEL & TOURISM: GROWTH

41. 41
Conclusion
Italy is among the top tourist destinations of the world and the tourism industry is an
important part of national’s economy. The recent economic crisis has indeed slowed down
the inflow of tourist, but the tourism industry is still flourishing in Italy. It has made a good
recovery from the recent worldwide economic slowdown. Italy also faces the problem of
excessive tourism, which has made some negative impacts. The major cities of Italy have
been facing the problem of overcrowding and the pollution of all sorts. The problem of
heavy traffic, congestion of urban areas, and increase in amount of wastes is rising at an
alarming rate. The historical monuments and places are being highly exploited, which can
lead to their degradation in coming years. The cultural influence by the outside tourists has
diluted the culture of the region and the history is being distorted. But the tourism
department of Italy has gone to great lengths to facilitate its tourists. They are discovering
new historical places for the art loving tourists. Although they are among the best in the
world, they still need to make some changes and take some innovative steps for the
sustainable development of tourism industry.
Apart from giving a boost to the economy, tourism industry of Italy has also had some
negative impact. This study has highlighted some significant setbacks of excessive tourism.
The government should create a proper channel to pool back the profit generated form
tourism. The funding for the maintenance of important monuments must be increased.
Some of structures are in fragile condition which needs special care. The inflow of tourists
must be kept in check to minimize the problem of congestion and overcrowding in major
cities. The tourists can be provided with an e-card to enter major tourist destination and
should be charged for the same. This way the government can electronically monitor and
control the flow of tourists. Through the use of latest information communication
technology tools, the tourism department can create a central base for handling all the
tourism activities. The development of a central base to guide the tourists and provide them
help through phones and computers can prove to be very beneficial for the Italian tourism
department.
Thus we conclude Italy is the best destination place in Europe and there location is the
perfect for tourist and I think if the inside the impact factors of Italy it is the one of the most
beautiful place the world.

42. 42
INTRODUCTION
Modern tourism in China sprang up in the early 1950s. In 1954, the China International
Travel Service was established, with 14 branches in Guangzhou, Shanghai, Beijing and other
major cities. In 1964, the State Tourism Administration of China was formally established.
Since the initiation of the policies of reform and opening to the outside world in 1978,
China’s tourism has entered a stage of rapid development. In 1999, the number of tourists
entering China reached 72.8 million, of which 8.43 million were foreign tourists, 40 times
the figure for 1978. Consequently, the foreign exchange income from this industry reached
US$14.1 billion, 54 times that of 1978. Currently, China has become an important tourism
destination in Asia, and the fifth large fourism country in the world. Domestic tourism is also
growing vigorously. In 1999, the number of domestic tourists reached 719 million, spending
a total of 283.2 billion Yuan—14.3 percent and 105.9 percent increases over 1995,
respectively. With the improvement of the Chinese people’s living standards, Chinese
citizens have an increasingly strong interest in traveling abroad. In recent years, Chinese
citizens have travelled to Southeast Asia and Europe. Foreign travel agencies are now
opening offices in China to attract Chinese to travel abroad. Now, China is fast on its way to
becoming a country with developed tourism, and constantly improving tourism facilities and
services. It is estimated that, by 2020, China will be the world’s No. 1 tourism destination
and the fourth-largest nation of tourists.
General information
Name People's Republic of China
Capital Beijing
Largest city Shanghai
Location of china Location of china
Latitude
Longitude
18° and 54° North
73° and 135° East
Neighbouring
Countries
Korea (North), Russia, Mongolia, Kazakhstan,
Kyrgyzstan, Tajikistan, Afghanistan, Pakistan, India,
Nepal, Bhutan, Myanmar, Laos and Vietnam.
Seas/Oceans Western Pacific Ocean, Bohai Sea, Huanghai Sea, East
China Sea, South China Sea
Time zone UTC+8 (China Standard Time)
Currency Renminbi (yuan; ¥) (CNY)
Location
Location, territory and administrative division The People’s Republic of China
(hereinafter referred to as China) is located in the eastern hemisphere and the
west coast of the Pacific, and in East Asia (Figure 1.1). It has a land territory of
9.6 million square kilometers and an adjacent sea area of some 4.73 million
square kilometers. The whole country is divided into 23 provinces (including
Taiwan), 5 autonomous regions, 4 municipalities directly under the central
government and 2 special administrative regions of Hong Kong and Macao

43. 43
Geography
China is located in eastern Asia along the western shore of the Pacific Ocean. It spreads over
a vastly diverse geographical area of 9.6 million square kilometers (about the size of the USA
or Europe), and is home to approaching 1.4 billion people (more than N. America and
Europe combined).
The highlands and hill regions account for 65 percent of the country's total landmass, and
there are more than 2,000 lakes dotting the landscape. The highest mountain peak is
Qomolangma (Mt. Everest) in Tibet, the highest in the world, 8,848 meters above sea level.
Among the 220,000 kilometers of rivers the Changjiang (Yangtze), Huanghe (Yellow River)
and Zhejiang (Pearl River) are the most famous. The Yellow River Basin is the cradle of
Chinese civilization, as the many cultural-historical sites along its banks can attest.
Islands: Islands of Guangdong, Islands of Hong Kong, Islands of Macau, Islands of Guangxi,
Islands of Hainan, Pratas Islands, Macclesfield Bank, Paracel Islands.
Climate
 The Chinese climate varies from region to region since the country is massive!
 In the northeast the summers are hot and dry and the winters are freezing cold.
 The north and central regions have frequent bouts of rain coupled with hot
summers and cold winters.
In the southeast there is plenty of rainfall, semi-tropical summers and cool
winters. Flooding can occur in the central, southern and western regions and the country in
general can experience earthquakes.
History of Tourism in China
China boasts being the biggest domestic tourist market in the world. This has helped sustain
the country’s travel industry with an average 20 percent growth year on year. From 2000 to
2009 China’s tourism revenue increased 145%.
Tourism in china
 China had been the third most visited country in the world
 WTO has predicted that till 2020, China will become the largest tourist country and
the fourth largest for overseas travel.
 There are 1349 international travel agencies existing in China, and 248 of them are in
Beijing, Shanghai, Tianjin and Chongqing-the four municipalities.
 The domestic and international transportation also has great improvement that it is
easier for tourists to travel to China.
 China has become one of the world's most-watched and hottest outbound tourist
markets.

44. 44
Government Policies
 Developing all-for-one tourism.
 Embracing era of popular tourism.
 Creating fair and favourable tourism market environment.
 Product development and activity organization of national tourism and leisure.
 Strong leadership and organization.
 Strong supervision and regulation.
 Sufficient time for national tourism and leisure.
 Improved infrastructure for national tourism and leisure.
 Product development and activity organization of national tourism
and leisure.
Problem in tourism of China
 Due to the heavy traffic in the region, the infrastructure may not be able to cope up
the increased rush thus leading to overcrowding.
 Poor sanitation which may further lead to diseases bot to the tourists as well as local
people.
 The intrusion of outsiders in the area may disturb the local culture and create unrest
among the people.
 The local people may copy the lifestyles of tourists through the demonstration effect
and the result could be loss of native customs and traditions.
 Some people may enter into criminal activities to fetch easy money from tourists
who lead to increased crime and anti-social activities and loss of moral and religious
values.
Top Tourist Attraction place in China
Great Wall of China
The Great Wall of China is one of man’s greatest
engineering feats and longest outdoor museum, stretching
from Gansu Province in the west to Shanhaiguan on the
Bohai Sea in the east. It was built, rebuilt, and maintained
between the 5th century BC and the 16th century to protect
the northern borders of the Chinese Empire from the attacks
of nomadic tribes from the north. Most people will visit the
wall somewhere in the Beijing area, where it is more easily
accessible and where it snakes impressively over the
mountain peaks. It is China’s No. 1 tourist attraction.

45. 45
Forbidden City
Built in the early 15th century, the Forbidden City served as
the home for emperors in the Ming and Qing dynasties until
Puyi, the last Emperor of China abdicated in 1912. It is a
walled complex, surrounded by a moat, that is the world’s
largest palatial complex. Legend has it that its 980 buildings
contain 9,999 rooms, though the actual number is about a
thousand lower. It is unarguably the most popular tourist
attraction in Beijing, with the crowds to prove it
Terracotta Army
This mighty army of terracotta warriors and horses, found in
three vaults, is one of the most famous archaeological finds
in the world. It is the most popular tourist attraction in Xi’an
and one of the most popular in all of China. The 8,000
lifelike terracotta warriors and 130 or so chariots have
silently stood guard over the soul of China’s first unifier for
more than two millennia. Although the weapons were stolen
and the coloring has faded greatly, their existence and the
fact that no two soldier’s faces are alike serves as a testament
to the amount of labor and skill involved in their
construction.
Potala Palace
As the winter palace of the Dalai Lama from the 7th century
the Potala Palace in Lhasa symbolizes Tibetan Buddhism and
its central role in the traditional administration of Tibet. With
over 1,000 rooms, the Potala contained the living quarters of
the Dalai Lamas while they lived, and their sumptuous
golden tombs when they died. It remained the residence of
the Dalai Lama until the 14th Dalai Lama fled to India, after
the Chinese invasion in 1959. The palace also houses great
amounts of rare cultural relics including gold hand-written
Buddhist scriptures and gifts from Chinese emperors. The
palace is 14 stories tall and any visit involves climbing a lot of stairs up & down so make sure
you are fully acclimated before visiting.

46. 46
Mount Huang
One of China’s major tourist destinations, Mount Huang is a
mountain range in eastern China also known as Huangshan
(“Yellow Mountain”). The area is well known for its scenery,
sunsets, peculiarly shaped granite peaks and views of the
clouds from above. Frequently shrouded in mist, the many
peaks appear to float on clouds and have very fanciful names
such as 18 Arhats Worshipping the South Sea, Lotus Flower
Peak, Celestial Capital and Paint Brush. In ancient times almost
60,000 stone steps were carved into the side of the mountain
range. Today there are also cable cars that tourists can use to ride directly from the base to
one of the summits.
Leshan Giant Buddha
Mt. Emei is home to the first Buddhist temple in China, built in
the first century. But the most remarkable of the Emeishan
Buddhas is the Leshan Great Buddha that was carved out of a
hillside in the eighth century. The statue stands about 71 meters
(233 feet) high and has three-meter (11 feet) long fingers on
each of its enormous resting hands. The Giant Buddha ended up
making the raging rivers below more navigable as stone
remnants from the statue were dropped into the water.
Longmen Grottoes
The Longmen Grottoes are densely dotted along the Xiangshan
and Longmenshan mountains in the eastern central part of
China. Construction of the grottoes began in 493 AD. There are
over 2100 niches, more than 100,000 Buddhist statues, some 40
pagodas and 3600 tablets and steles in the caves. The 17 meter
(56 foot) high statue of Vairocana in Fengxian Temple is the
most representative of the trove.
Jiuzhaigou
Located in southwestern China, Jiuzhaigou is a nature reserve
officially known as Jiuzhai Valley in English. The national park has
been described as a fairyland because of its many waterfalls; snow-
covered karst mountains, and its 108 blue, turquoise and green
colored lakes that are so crystal clear one can see the bottoms. It is
also the habitat of giant pandas, though the chances of seeing them
are slim due to the park’s size and the number of tourists.

47. 47
Mogao Caves
Travelers along the ancient Silk Road will definitely want to stop
at Dunhuang for a visit to the Mogao Caves, which are
representative of early Buddhist cave art. Unlike the Yungang
Caves, which featured Buddhas carved into hillsides, the Mogao
Grottoes mostly feature murals painted on cave walls. Some of
the paintings date back to the fourth century. At one time, there
were more than 1,000 cave temples.
Tiger Leaping Gorge
Tiger Leaping Gorge is situated on the Yangtze River in
southwestern China. About 15 km (9 miles) in length, the canyon
passes through a series of rapids surrounded by mountains on
both sides that sharply rise 3,000 meters (10,000 feet) above the
river. It is believed to be the deepest canyon in the world –
depending on the criteria applied. The hiking trail through the
gorge is one of the most accessible and satisfying in China, with
dramatic scenery. The hike is not to be taken lightly though. Even
for those in good physical shape, it’s a workout and can certainly
wreck the knees. Accommodation along the way is in guesthouses, so hikers won’t need a
tent.
Zhangjiajie National Forest Park
Established in 1982, Zhangjiajie National Forest Park is the first
national forest park in China and is part of the Wulingyuan
Scenic Areas. With its clear streams, weird-looking peaks,
wildlife and abundant sub-tropical vegetation, the park are a year-
round magnet for visitors. Key attractions include the Golden
Whip Stream where visitors can see fish swimming in the crystal-
clear water.
Visa Policy of China
If holding an ordinary passport, you need to apply for a visa for China unless you are
covered by China’s visa exemption policy, such as the 24/72/144 hours visa free transit
schemes, Hainan 30-day visa-free access, visa exemption for tour groups meeting certain
requirements, and visa-free entry for holders of APEC Business Travel Card. It’s worth
mention that nationals of countries which have reached mutual visa-exemption agreements
with China, like Singapore, Brunei, and Japan, can also enjoy free entry to China. Those who
hold a Chinese Temporary Residence Permit don’t need a visa for China either within the
Residence Permit’s validity.

48. 48
TRAVEL & TOURISM'S CONTRIBUTION TO GDP
GDP: DIRECT CONTRIBUTION
The direct contribution of Travel & Tourism to GDP was CNY2,719.2bn (USD402.3bn), 3.3%
of total GDP in 2017 and is forecast to rise by 6.9% in 2018, and to rise by 6.7% pa, from
2018-2028, to CNY5,578.7bn (USD825.4bn), 3.9% of total GDP in 2028.
 The direct contribution of Travel & Tourism to GDP in 2017 was CNY2,719.2bn (3.3%
of GDP). This is forecast to rise by 6.9% to CNY2,906.5bn in 2018.
 This primarily reflects the economic activity generated by industries such as hotels,
travel agents, airlines and other passenger transportation services (excluding
commuter services). But it also includes, for example, the activities of the restaurant
and leisure industries directly supported by tourists.
 The direct contribution of Travel & Tourism to GDP is expected to grow by 6.7% pa to
CNY5,578.7bn (3.9% of GDP) by 2028.
GDP: TOTAL CONTRIBUTION
The total contribution of Travel & Tourism to GDP was CNY9,119.7bn (USD1,349.3bn),
11.0% of GDP in 2017, and is forecast to rise by 6.6% in 2018, and to rise by 6.6% pa to
CNY18,461.7bn (USD2,731.5bn), 12.9% of GDP in 2028.
 The total contribution of Travel & Tourism to GDP (including wider effects from
investment, the supply chain and induced income impacts was CNY9,119.7bn in 2017
(11.0% of GDP) and is expected to grow by 6.6% to CNY9,717.9bn (11.1% of GDP) in
2018.
 It is forecast to rise by 6.6% pa to CNY18,461.7bn by 2028 (12.9% of GDP).

49. 49
VISITOR EXPORTS
 Visitor exports are a key component of the direct contribution of Travel & Tourism.
In 2017, China generated CNY846.9bn in visitor exports. In 2018, this is expected to
grow by 0.5%, and the country is expected to attract 63,539,000 international tourist
arrivals.
 By 2028, international tourist arrivals are forecast to total 100,865,000, generating
expenditure of CNY1,030.9bn, an increase of 1.9% pa.
INVESTMENT
 Travel & Tourism is expected to have attracted capital investment of CNY1,045.4bn
in 2017. This is expected to rise by 6.2% in 2018, and rise by 6.5% pa over the next
ten years to CNY2,092.9bn in 2028.
 Travel & Tourism’s share of total national investment will rise from 3.0% in 2018 to
3.9% in 2028.

50. 50
COUNTRY RANKINGS: REAL GROWTH, 2018

51. 51
COUNTRY RANKINGS: LONG TERM GROWTH, 2018 – 2028

52. 52
SUMMARY TABLES: ESTIMATES & FORECASTS

53. 53
ECONOMIC CONTRIBUTION OF TRAVEL & TOURISM: REAL 2017 PRICES

54. 54
THE ECONOMIC CONTRIBUTION OF TRAVEL & TOURISM: NOMINAL PRICES

55. 55
THE ECONOMIC CONTRIBUTION OF TRAVEL & TOURISM: GROWTH

56. 56
Conclusion
China is the fourth most tourist visiting (60.7 million) country in the world but in Asia it is
the 1st
Position. China’s Outbound Tourism is also increased. 100 million outbound tourists
are visit in other countries. China is the top spender (US$257.7 billion) on tourism in 2017.
Top 20 cities in which tourist are come. Hong Kong, Shanghai, Beijing, Macau, Guangzhou,
Shenzhen, Sanyo, Xi’an, Hangzhou, Chengdu, Qingdao, Dalian, Xiamen, Zhuhai, Nanjing,
Guilin, Suzhou, Chongqing, Tianjin, Haikou
But most Tourists come in Shanghai, Beijing and Hong Kong. The Great Wall of China is in
Shanghai. The Great Wall of China is counted in 7 wonders of the world. To see the Great
Wall of China over 50 Million People are Visit every year. The direct contribution of Travel &
Tourism to GDP was 402.3billion US$, 3.3% of total GDP in 2017 and is forecast to rise by
6.9% in 2018. The total contribution of Travel & Tourism to GDP was 1,349.3billion US$,
11.0% of GDP in 2017, and is forecast to rise by 6.6% in 2018. China growing 20% year on
year in tourism sector. From 2000 to 2009 China’s tourism revenue increased 145%. China
has many free visa schemes for tourists like 24/72/144 hours visa free transit schemes.

57. 57
INTRODUCTION
Brazil is one of a few emerging countries that enjoys an international
image of a strong country with a vigorous and growing economy, it has a government that
encourages exports, it has extensive experience developing successful domestic brands, and
it is known for having the most active and creative advertising agencies in the world (Anholt,
2000). Such a reputation has been positive for the country, which needs to strengthen its
image in target markets to increase the inflow of tourists and investments to the country.
Tourism has been viewed in the past as a private sector business (Gee & Fayos-Sola, 2003)
and as representing a set of diversified services that generate profit or produce goods and
services for tourists. Currently, governments including. Brazil recognizes the important role
of tourism in the development of the national economy because of the positive impact
tourism can have on generating employment and tax revenue. According to data from the
World Tourism Organization (WTO), in 2011, the international tourism industry generated
U.S. $6 trillion in revenues for the global economy and 260 million jobs worldwide. The
number of international tourists grew from 435 million to 675 million in 2000 and 940
million in 2010 (World Tourism Organization, 2012). According to WTO forecasts, in 2012,
the number of international tourists worldwide will increase from 940 million to 1 billion,
and there will be greater flows of tourists to emerging economies, with a reduction in the
percentage of visits to European destinations from 51% to 41% (WTO, 2012). However,
Brazil represents an insignificant number of such international tourists. The country receives
approximately 5 million foreign visitors annually, compared with approximately 80 million in
France, 70 million in Spain, and 50 million each in the U.S. and Italy (Cioffi, 2011). In the face
of this phenomenon enabled by globalization, tourism plays an important role in social,
cultural, and economic development for countries as well as the world by generating
investments, profitability, and direct and indirect jobs. According to the WTO (2012), the
tourism industry contributed 2 826 000 direct jobs (2.9% of the total employment) to Brazil
in 2011, with an expected increase of 2.3% of total employment, equivalent to 3 564 000
direct jobs, by 2021. The total contribution by the tourism industry, including indirect jobs,
is expected to increase from 8 154 000 jobs (8.3% of total employment) in 2011 to 9 747 000
jobs in 2021 (8.9%).
Brazil is the largest country in South America and is a recommended place to visit for
tourists around the World. Brazil is famous for its rich culture, exciting festivals and
wonderful places, especial the Amazon Rainforest. There are many things to do and see in
Brazil. This page provides you with some information about Brazil famous places, foods and
Brazilian culture.

58. 58
General information
Visa Policy of Brazil
Eligibility
 Tourists
 People visiting relatives or friends
 Unpaid participation in athletic or artistic event or competition. An invitation letter from
the sponsoring organization in Brazil is required.
 Unpaid participation in a scientific/academic seminar or conference sponsored by a
research or academic institution. An invitation letter from the sponsoring organization
in Brazil is required.
Terms and Conditions
 Tourist visa holders are prohibited from engaging in business, work, or academic
activities in Brazil.
 This visa is good for multiple entries within the visa's duration. Even when the validity of
the visa exceeds 90 days, authorized stays are for a maximum of a 90-day period per
visit. If necessary, an extension may be submitted to the Federal Police in Brazil, if
requested prior to the expiration of the authorized stay (special requirements apply).
Tourist visa holders are allowed to stay in the Brazilian territory a maximum of 180 days
over a 12-month period.
 For citizens of some countries without diplomatic relations with Brazil, such as Western
Sahara, but not Kosovo or Taiwan, a visa is issued on a laissez-passer instead of a
passport
Name Federative Republic of Brazil
Location of Brazil South American
Capital Brasilia
Largest city Sao Paulo
Official language Portuguese
Area Total
Water (%)
8,515,767km2 (3,287,956 sq. mi) (5th
)
0.65
Seas/Oceans South Atlantic Ocean
Currency Real(R$) (BRL)
Time zone UTC-2 to-5(BRT)
Neighboring
Countries
Uruguay, Argentina, Paraguay, Bolivia, Peru, Colombia, Venezuela,
Guiana, Suriname, and French Guiana.
Islands Ilha Grande, Ilha de Marajó, Ilha do Cardoso, Fernando de
Noronha, llha do Mel, Ilha da Queimada Grande, Ilhabela, Ilha do
Campeche.

59. 59
Geography
Brazil’s geography is a fascinating one. As the home of the acclaimed Amazon Rainforest, as
well as the Brazilian Highlands and vast stretches of coastline, this South American country
continues to impress visitors in its natural splendor and complexity. Brazil has a total surface
area of 8514877 square kilometers (3287612 square miles) of which 8459417 square
kilometers (3266199 square miles) is land and 55460 square kilometers (or 21410 square
miles) is water. As such, Brazil is the fifth largest country in the world (both in terms of area
and population) and occupies almost half of the entire South American continent. The
coastline stretches for 7491 kilometers (or 4655 miles), and continues to be a major tourist
attraction for the country. The shore is made up of mangroves, lagoons, dunes and
spectacular coral reefs.
Climate
Brazil is a huge country and has different climates, although it can be divided into three
main climatic regions: equatorial, with year-round rains (the Amazon Basin plus a small
coastal area), tropical with a dry season, (the vast central area, plus a small northern
portion), and finally almost Mediterranean, with temperate winters and hot summers (the
extreme south). Northern Brazil is crossed by the Equator, so that south of the Equator, that
is, in much of the country, the seasons are reversed in comparison with Europe or North
America. In the tropical zone, the rainy season is almost always the austral summer.
History of tourism in Brazil
Tourism rates sky-rocketed from the year 2000 onwards as awareness of its multifaceted
appeal rose. There was a period between 2006 and 2008 that economic issues hindered the
tourism industry somewhat. However, Brazil is the most visited country in the continent of
South America today.
Culture and Tourism
The Brazilian culture is one of the world’s most varied and diverse. This is due to its being a
melting pot of nationalities, as a result of centuries of European domination as well as
slavery, which brought hordes of African migrants across Brazil’s borders to live in and
influence the local cultures with their ancient customs and ideas. The European settlers also
brought ideas, innovations and belief systems with them, shaping the local societies
significantly. All of these different influences have meant that the modern-day Brazilian
culture is unique and very complex. At present, Brazil has a population of about 190 million
people. Of these, more than half are white (which includes Portuguese, Italian, and Polish
etc... individuals), just fewer than 40% are mixed black and white and less than 10% are
black.
Approximately 80% of the population ascribes to the Roman Catholic faith. This is due to the
intense Portuguese occupation of centuries ago. These European settlers taught the
indigenous tribes Catholicism, built churches and established traditions and customs that
originated in this church.