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Franklin	
  University	
  Switzerland	
  
Annotated	
  Bibliographies	
  
Annotated	
  Bibliographies	
  
Your	
  road	
  map	
  to	
  understanding	
  sources	
  
By,	
  Alyssa	
  Wilson	
  
	
  
	
  
A	
  bibliography	
  is	
  a	
  list	
  of	
  sources	
  that	
  you	
  compile	
  while	
  doing	
  research	
  on	
  a	
  
certain	
  topic.	
  An	
  annotated	
  bibliography	
  supplies	
  more	
  information	
  about	
  
each	
  source	
  including	
  what	
  the	
  source	
  is,	
  why	
  it	
  is	
  important,	
  and	
  how	
  you	
  
will	
  use	
  it.	
  
	
  
An	
  annotated	
  bibliography	
  is	
  the	
  best	
  way	
  to	
  further	
  understand	
  your	
  sources.	
  
It	
  can	
  help	
  you	
  eliminate	
  irrelevant	
  sources,	
  understand	
  their	
  main	
  point,	
  and	
  
determine	
  its	
  usefulness	
  to	
  your	
  research	
  topic.	
  It	
  will	
  also	
  help	
  you	
  to	
  better	
  
understand	
  your	
  own	
  feelings	
  on	
  the	
  subject,	
  and	
  assist	
  you	
  in	
  developing	
  
your	
  own	
  working	
  thesis	
  or	
  hypothesis	
  for	
  your	
  final	
  project.	
  Research	
  
projects	
  in	
  the	
  academic	
  field	
  are	
  all	
  about	
  responding	
  to	
  previous	
  claims.	
  By	
  
creating	
  an	
  annotated	
  bibliography,	
  you	
  will	
  be	
  better	
  equipped	
  to	
  support	
  
your	
  claim	
  with	
  evidence	
  drawn	
  from	
  credible	
  sources,	
  which	
  will	
  give	
  you	
  a	
  
better,	
  more	
  scholarly	
  argument.	
  
	
  
Annotated	
  Bibliographies	
  are	
  made	
  up	
  of	
  three	
  separate	
  parts.	
  
• Summary:	
  Take	
  your	
  source	
  and	
  find	
  the	
  main	
  points.	
  What	
  are	
  the	
  
arguments	
  being	
  made?	
  What	
  is	
  the	
  author	
  or	
  source	
  trying	
  to	
  say?	
  	
  
• Analysis:	
  Is	
  this	
  a	
  good	
  quality	
  source?	
  How	
  is	
  this	
  source	
  different	
  from	
  
other	
  sources	
  you	
  may	
  be	
  using?	
  
• Reflection:	
  How	
  will	
  this	
  source	
  help	
  you	
  in	
  your	
  final	
  project?	
  How	
  has	
  
it	
  affected	
  your	
  thoughts	
  or	
  opinions	
  on	
  the	
  subject?	
  
	
  
Note:	
  Each	
  discipline	
  and	
  faculty	
  will	
  have	
  a	
  different	
  goal	
  with	
  his	
  or	
  her	
  
annotated	
  bibliographies.	
  History	
  will	
  emphasize	
  the	
  quality	
  of	
  the	
  source,	
  
more	
  than	
  the	
  usefulness,	
  and	
  English	
  will	
  zoom	
  in	
  more	
  on	
  the	
  argument	
  
being	
  presented.	
  
	
  
	
  
Need	
  more	
  information?	
  Visit	
  the	
  Writing	
  Learning	
  Center	
  on	
  North	
  Campus,	
  
or	
  visit	
  www.owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/.	
  	
  
	
  
	
  
 
Franklin	
  University	
  Switzerland	
  
Annotated	
  Bibliographies	
  
	
  
	
  
McCormack,	
  Gavan.	
  Client	
  State:	
  Japan	
  in	
  the	
  American	
  Embrace.	
  London:	
  Verso,	
  2007.	
  
	
  
This	
  source	
  is	
  written	
  by	
  Gavan	
  McCormack,	
  an	
  Emeritus	
  Professor	
  in	
  the	
  Research	
  
School	
  of	
  Pacific	
  and	
  Asian	
  Studies	
  in	
  Australian	
  National	
  University	
  located	
  in	
  Canberra.	
  It	
  
provides	
  a	
  modern-­‐day	
  insight	
  into	
  Japan’s	
  alliance	
  with	
  the	
  United	
  States.	
  McCormack	
  
describes	
  many	
  different	
  aspects	
  of	
  Japan’s	
  policies	
  from	
  nuclear	
  warfare	
  to	
  the	
  question	
  of	
  
national	
  identity	
  or	
  “Japaneseness”	
  (Nihonjin-­‐ron)	
  in	
  the	
  twenty-­‐first	
  century.	
  He	
  argues	
  
that	
  Japan	
  has	
  been	
  sucked	
  thoroughly	
  into	
  the	
  “American	
  embrace”	
  (hence	
  the	
  title)	
  by	
  
promoting	
  policies	
  that	
  weren’t	
  necessarily	
  popular	
  with	
  the	
  general	
  population,	
  but	
  that	
  
would	
  benefit	
  their	
  ties	
  with	
  the	
  U.S.A.	
  He	
  asserts	
  that	
  the	
  embrace	
  has	
  become	
  
“increasingly	
  stifling”	
  for	
  Japan	
  and	
  that	
  they	
  have	
  been	
  turned	
  into	
  a	
  kind	
  of	
  political	
  
“puppet”	
  for	
  the	
  United	
  States.	
  	
  
Written	
  for	
  scholars	
  specifically,	
  he	
  uses	
  many	
  primary	
  sources	
  directly	
  translated	
  
from	
  Japanese	
  to	
  English,	
  which	
  provides	
  us	
  with	
  credible	
  sources	
  and	
  first-­‐hand	
  accounts.	
  
His	
  critical	
  analysis	
  of	
  Japan’s	
  modern-­‐day	
  economic	
  and	
  political	
  policies	
  stipulates	
  an	
  
important	
  insight	
  for	
  my	
  research	
  because	
  it	
  can	
  give	
  me	
  good	
  modern	
  day	
  examples	
  of	
  the	
  
point	
  I	
  am	
  trying	
  to	
  prove.	
  However,	
  because	
  it	
  is	
  about	
  modern-­‐day	
  Japan,	
  it	
  limits	
  me	
  on	
  
explaining	
  why	
  and	
  how	
  the	
  occupation	
  helped	
  and	
  or	
  hindered	
  Japan.	
  Although	
  it	
  gives	
  me	
  
good	
  reference	
  points	
  in	
  the	
  present,	
  it	
  does	
  not	
  aid	
  me	
  in	
  between.	
  
	
  
Cernyar,	
  Eric	
  William.	
  “Checking	
  Value	
  of	
  Free	
  Exercise:	
  Religious	
  Clashes	
  with	
  the	
  State.”	
  
Texas	
  Review	
  of	
  Law	
  &	
  Politics	
  3,	
  (April,	
  1999):	
  192-­‐223.	
  
	
  
	
   This	
  article	
  is	
  extremely	
  in	
  depth	
  and	
  informative	
  as	
  it	
  creates	
  an	
  argument	
  that	
  
states:	
  “[the]	
  First	
  Amendment	
  analysis	
  should	
  ‘focus	
  upon	
  limiting	
  governmental	
  
interference	
  with	
  the	
  efforts	
  of	
  individuals	
  and	
  communities	
  to	
  structure	
  their	
  own	
  lives	
  in	
  
the	
  way	
  they	
  see	
  fit,’”	
  (pg.	
  222).	
  The	
  author	
  maintains	
  a	
  heavy	
  emphasis	
  on	
  separation	
  
between	
  Church	
  and	
  State,	
  but	
  still	
  argues	
  that	
  the	
  government	
  should,	
  instead	
  of	
  trying	
  to	
  
take	
  away	
  power	
  from	
  the	
  church,	
  empower	
  it	
  because	
  it	
  provides	
  a	
  good	
  moral	
  conscience	
  
for	
  the	
  citizens	
  of	
  the	
  State,	
  just	
  as	
  the	
  other	
  actions	
  do	
  in	
  the	
  First	
  Amendment,	
  (such	
  as	
  
nondiscrimination	
  based	
  on	
  race	
  and	
  gender).	
  The	
  article	
  also	
  focuses	
  on	
  the	
  rights	
  of	
  the	
  
individual,	
  explaining	
  that	
  individuals	
  are	
  granted	
  a	
  certain	
  set	
  of	
  freedoms	
  from	
  the	
  
Constitution,	
  and	
  that	
  religion	
  is	
  one	
  that	
  should	
  be	
  maintained.	
  	
  
Although	
  a	
  very	
  helpful	
  article	
  as	
  far	
  as	
  the	
  legality	
  of	
  the	
  religious	
  question,	
  it	
  didn’t	
  
address	
  it	
  in	
  terms	
  of	
  the	
  business	
  world.	
  There	
  is	
  also	
  a	
  possible	
  bias	
  if	
  you	
  see	
  where	
  the	
  
journal	
  was	
  published	
  (Texas,	
  a	
  notably	
  religious,	
  and	
  conservative	
  state).	
  However,	
  it	
  
could	
  be	
  useful	
  for	
  my	
  research	
  as	
  I	
  explore	
  more	
  about	
  the	
  rights	
  of	
  religion	
  and	
  where	
  the	
  
law	
  intersects	
  individual	
  religious	
  freedoms.	
  This	
  article	
  is	
  more	
  in	
  the	
  realm	
  of	
  
questioning	
  to	
  what	
  extent	
  individuals	
  have	
  the	
  right	
  to	
  practice	
  their	
  religious	
  beliefs	
  in	
  
their	
  daily	
  lives	
  outside	
  their	
  own	
  sphere	
  of	
  influence,	
  a	
  difficult	
  quagmire,	
  and	
  definitely	
  
not	
  easily	
  resolved.	
  
	
  
 
Franklin	
  University	
  Switzerland	
  
Annotated	
  Bibliographies	
  
	
  

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Annotated Bibliographies Guide for Research Projects

  • 1.   Franklin  University  Switzerland   Annotated  Bibliographies   Annotated  Bibliographies   Your  road  map  to  understanding  sources   By,  Alyssa  Wilson       A  bibliography  is  a  list  of  sources  that  you  compile  while  doing  research  on  a   certain  topic.  An  annotated  bibliography  supplies  more  information  about   each  source  including  what  the  source  is,  why  it  is  important,  and  how  you   will  use  it.     An  annotated  bibliography  is  the  best  way  to  further  understand  your  sources.   It  can  help  you  eliminate  irrelevant  sources,  understand  their  main  point,  and   determine  its  usefulness  to  your  research  topic.  It  will  also  help  you  to  better   understand  your  own  feelings  on  the  subject,  and  assist  you  in  developing   your  own  working  thesis  or  hypothesis  for  your  final  project.  Research   projects  in  the  academic  field  are  all  about  responding  to  previous  claims.  By   creating  an  annotated  bibliography,  you  will  be  better  equipped  to  support   your  claim  with  evidence  drawn  from  credible  sources,  which  will  give  you  a   better,  more  scholarly  argument.     Annotated  Bibliographies  are  made  up  of  three  separate  parts.   • Summary:  Take  your  source  and  find  the  main  points.  What  are  the   arguments  being  made?  What  is  the  author  or  source  trying  to  say?     • Analysis:  Is  this  a  good  quality  source?  How  is  this  source  different  from   other  sources  you  may  be  using?   • Reflection:  How  will  this  source  help  you  in  your  final  project?  How  has   it  affected  your  thoughts  or  opinions  on  the  subject?     Note:  Each  discipline  and  faculty  will  have  a  different  goal  with  his  or  her   annotated  bibliographies.  History  will  emphasize  the  quality  of  the  source,   more  than  the  usefulness,  and  English  will  zoom  in  more  on  the  argument   being  presented.       Need  more  information?  Visit  the  Writing  Learning  Center  on  North  Campus,   or  visit  www.owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/.        
  • 2.   Franklin  University  Switzerland   Annotated  Bibliographies       McCormack,  Gavan.  Client  State:  Japan  in  the  American  Embrace.  London:  Verso,  2007.     This  source  is  written  by  Gavan  McCormack,  an  Emeritus  Professor  in  the  Research   School  of  Pacific  and  Asian  Studies  in  Australian  National  University  located  in  Canberra.  It   provides  a  modern-­‐day  insight  into  Japan’s  alliance  with  the  United  States.  McCormack   describes  many  different  aspects  of  Japan’s  policies  from  nuclear  warfare  to  the  question  of   national  identity  or  “Japaneseness”  (Nihonjin-­‐ron)  in  the  twenty-­‐first  century.  He  argues   that  Japan  has  been  sucked  thoroughly  into  the  “American  embrace”  (hence  the  title)  by   promoting  policies  that  weren’t  necessarily  popular  with  the  general  population,  but  that   would  benefit  their  ties  with  the  U.S.A.  He  asserts  that  the  embrace  has  become   “increasingly  stifling”  for  Japan  and  that  they  have  been  turned  into  a  kind  of  political   “puppet”  for  the  United  States.     Written  for  scholars  specifically,  he  uses  many  primary  sources  directly  translated   from  Japanese  to  English,  which  provides  us  with  credible  sources  and  first-­‐hand  accounts.   His  critical  analysis  of  Japan’s  modern-­‐day  economic  and  political  policies  stipulates  an   important  insight  for  my  research  because  it  can  give  me  good  modern  day  examples  of  the   point  I  am  trying  to  prove.  However,  because  it  is  about  modern-­‐day  Japan,  it  limits  me  on   explaining  why  and  how  the  occupation  helped  and  or  hindered  Japan.  Although  it  gives  me   good  reference  points  in  the  present,  it  does  not  aid  me  in  between.     Cernyar,  Eric  William.  “Checking  Value  of  Free  Exercise:  Religious  Clashes  with  the  State.”   Texas  Review  of  Law  &  Politics  3,  (April,  1999):  192-­‐223.       This  article  is  extremely  in  depth  and  informative  as  it  creates  an  argument  that   states:  “[the]  First  Amendment  analysis  should  ‘focus  upon  limiting  governmental   interference  with  the  efforts  of  individuals  and  communities  to  structure  their  own  lives  in   the  way  they  see  fit,’”  (pg.  222).  The  author  maintains  a  heavy  emphasis  on  separation   between  Church  and  State,  but  still  argues  that  the  government  should,  instead  of  trying  to   take  away  power  from  the  church,  empower  it  because  it  provides  a  good  moral  conscience   for  the  citizens  of  the  State,  just  as  the  other  actions  do  in  the  First  Amendment,  (such  as   nondiscrimination  based  on  race  and  gender).  The  article  also  focuses  on  the  rights  of  the   individual,  explaining  that  individuals  are  granted  a  certain  set  of  freedoms  from  the   Constitution,  and  that  religion  is  one  that  should  be  maintained.     Although  a  very  helpful  article  as  far  as  the  legality  of  the  religious  question,  it  didn’t   address  it  in  terms  of  the  business  world.  There  is  also  a  possible  bias  if  you  see  where  the   journal  was  published  (Texas,  a  notably  religious,  and  conservative  state).  However,  it   could  be  useful  for  my  research  as  I  explore  more  about  the  rights  of  religion  and  where  the   law  intersects  individual  religious  freedoms.  This  article  is  more  in  the  realm  of   questioning  to  what  extent  individuals  have  the  right  to  practice  their  religious  beliefs  in   their  daily  lives  outside  their  own  sphere  of  influence,  a  difficult  quagmire,  and  definitely   not  easily  resolved.    
  • 3.   Franklin  University  Switzerland   Annotated  Bibliographies