ConceptualIntegratedScience ThirdEdition PaulG.Hewitt CityCollegeofSanFrancisco SuzanneLyons CaliforniaStateUniversity,Sacramento JohnSuchocki SaintMichael’sCollege JenniferYeh UniversityofCalifornia,SanFrancisco SeniorCoursewarePortfolioManager:JessicaMoro DirectorofPortfolioManagement:JeanneZalesky ContentProducer:HeidiAllgair ManagingProducer:KristenFlathman CoursewareDirector,ContentDevelopment:BarbaraYien CoursewareEditorialAssistant:FrancesLai,SabrinaMarshall RichMediaContentProducer:SummerGiles Full-ServiceVendor:PearsonCSC Copyeditor:HeathLynnSilberfeld Compositor:PearsonCSC DesignManager:MarkOng InteriorDesigner:JeffPuda CoverDesigner:JeffPuda Illustrators:TrouttVisualGraphics Rights&PermissionsProjectManager:PearsonCSC,MattPerry Rights&PermissionsManagement:BenFerrini PhotoResearcher:PearsonCSC,MattPerry ManufacturingBuyer:StaceyWeinberger,LSCCommuncations DirectorofFieldMarketing:TimGalligan DirectorofProductMarketing:AllisonRona FieldMarketingManager:ChristopherBarker ProductMarketingManager:ElizabethEllsworthBell Printer/Binder:LSCCommunications,Inc. CoverPrinter:PhoenixColor CoverPhotoCredit:DimitriOtis/GettyImages Copyright©2020,2013,2007byPearsonEducation,Inc.AllRights Reserved.PrintedintheUnitedStatesofAmerica.Thispublicationis protectedbycopyright,andpermissionshouldbeobtainedfromthe publisherpriortoanyprohibitedreproduction,storageinaretrieval system,ortransmissioninanyformorbyanymeans,electronic, mechanical,photocopying,recording,orotherwise.Forinformation regardingpermissions,requestformsandtheappropriatecontactswithin thePearsonEducationGlobalRights&Permissionsdepartment. Attributionsofthirdpartycontentappearonpagenumber C-4,andC-5,whichconstitutesanextensionofthiscopyrightpage. PEARSON,ALWAYSLEARNING,Mastering™Physics,andPearson eTextareexclusivetrademarksintheU.S.and/orothercountriesowned byPearsonEducation,Inc.oritsaffiliates. Unlessotherwiseindicatedherein,anythird-partytrademarksthatmay appearinthisworkarethepropertyoftheirrespectiveownersandany referencestothird-partytrademarks,logosorothertradedressarefor demonstrativeordescriptivepurposesonly.Suchreferencesarenot intendedtoimplyanysponsorship,endorsement,authorization,or promotionofPearson’sproductsbytheownersofsuchmarks,orany relationshipbetweentheownerandPearsonEducation,Inc.orits affiliates,authors,licenseesordistributors. LibraryofCongressCataloging-in-PublicationData Names:Hewitt,PaulG.,author.|Lyons,Suzanne(Scienceteacher), author.|Suchocki,John,author.|Yeh,Jennifer(JenniferJean),author. Title:Conceptualintegratedscience/PaulG.Hewitt(CityCollegeofSan Francisco),SuzanneLyons(CaliforniaStateUniversity,Sacramento), JohnSuchocki(SaintMichael’sCollege),JenniferYeh(Universityof California,SanFrancisco). Description:[2019edition].|Boston:Pearson,2019.|Includesindex. Identifiers:LCCN2018048572|ISBN0135197392(pbk.) Subjects:LCSH:Interdisciplinaryapproachtoknowledge.|Science-- Philosophy.|Science ...

1. ConceptualIntegratedScience
ThirdEdition
PaulG.Hewitt
CityCollegeofSanFrancisco
SuzanneLyons
CaliforniaStateUniversity,Sacramento
JohnSuchocki
SaintMichael’sCollege
JenniferYeh
UniversityofCalifornia,SanFrancisco
SeniorCoursewarePortfolioManager:JessicaMoro
DirectorofPortfolioManagement:JeanneZalesky
ContentProducer:HeidiAllgair

2. ManagingProducer:KristenFlathman
CoursewareDirector,ContentDevelopment:BarbaraYien
CoursewareEditorialAssistant:FrancesLai,SabrinaMarshall
RichMediaContentProducer:SummerGiles
Full-ServiceVendor:PearsonCSC
Copyeditor:HeathLynnSilberfeld
Compositor:PearsonCSC
DesignManager:MarkOng
InteriorDesigner:JeffPuda
CoverDesigner:JeffPuda
Illustrators:TrouttVisualGraphics
Rights&PermissionsProjectManager:PearsonCSC,MattPerry
Rights&PermissionsManagement:BenFerrini
PhotoResearcher:PearsonCSC,MattPerry
ManufacturingBuyer:StaceyWeinberger,LSCCommuncations
DirectorofFieldMarketing:TimGalligan
DirectorofProductMarketing:AllisonRona

3. FieldMarketingManager:ChristopherBarker
ProductMarketingManager:ElizabethEllsworthBell
Printer/Binder:LSCCommunications,Inc.
CoverPrinter:PhoenixColor
CoverPhotoCredit:DimitriOtis/GettyImages
Copyright©2020,2013,2007byPearsonEducation,Inc.AllRights
Reserved.PrintedintheUnitedStatesofAmerica.Thispublicationis
protectedbycopyright,andpermissionshouldbeobtainedfromthe
publisherpriortoanyprohibitedreproduction,storageinaretrieval
system,ortransmissioninanyformorbyanymeans,electronic,
mechanical,photocopying,recording,orotherwise.Forinformation
regardingpermissions,requestformsandtheappropriatecontactswit
hin
thePearsonEducationGlobalRights&Permissionsdepartment.
Attributionsofthirdpartycontentappearonpagenumber
C-4,andC-5,whichconstitutesanextensionofthiscopyrightpage.
PEARSON,ALWAYSLEARNING,Mastering™Physics,andPears
on
eTextareexclusivetrademarksintheU.S.and/orothercountriesowne
d

4. byPearsonEducation,Inc.oritsaffiliates.
Unlessotherwiseindicatedherein,anythird-
partytrademarksthatmay
appearinthisworkarethepropertyoftheirrespectiveownersandany
referencestothird-partytrademarks,logosorothertradedressarefor
demonstrativeordescriptivepurposesonly.Suchreferencesarenot
intendedtoimplyanysponsorship,endorsement,authorization,or
promotionofPearson’sproductsbytheownersofsuchmarks,orany
relationshipbetweentheownerandPearsonEducation,Inc.orits
affiliates,authors,licenseesordistributors.
LibraryofCongressCataloging-in-PublicationData
Names:Hewitt,PaulG.,author.|Lyons,Suzanne(Scienceteacher),
author.|Suchocki,John,author.|Yeh,Jennifer(JenniferJean),author
.
Title:Conceptualintegratedscience/PaulG.Hewitt(CityCollegeofS
an
Francisco),SuzanneLyons(CaliforniaStateUniversity,Sacramento
),
JohnSuchocki(SaintMichael’sCollege),JenniferYeh(Universityof

5. California,SanFrancisco).
Description:[2019edition].|Boston:Pearson,2019.|Includesindex.
Identifiers:LCCN2018048572|ISBN0135197392(pbk.)
Subjects:LCSH:Interdisciplinaryapproachtoknowledge.|Science -
-
Philosophy.|Science--History.
Classification:LCCQ175.32.K45C662019|DDC500--dc23
LCrecordavailableathttps://lccn.loc.gov/2018048572
ISBN10:0-135-19739-2;ISBN13:978-0-135-19739-4
www.pearson.com
TheConceptualIntegratedScience
PhotoAlbum
THISISAVERYPERSONALbookbytheauthorsasevidentby
photographsoffamilyandfriendsthroughoutthebook.AuthorPaulis
seenonthePart1 openingphotoonpage15withmygreatnephewand
authorJohn’ssonEvanSuchocki(pronouncedSu-hock-
ee,withsilentc).

6. Paul’sphotoscontinueonpages7,156,and193,andagainwithhiswife
Lillianonpages55and123.OtherphotosofLilareonpages
and204.Lil’sdad,WaiTsanLee,showsmagnetismonpage
sister(andJohn’smom)MarjorieHewittSuchockiisshownreflective
ly
onpage182.Paul’sbrotherSteveonpage64showstheessenceof
Newton’sthirdlaw,thathecan’ttouchhisdaughterGretchenwithout
beingtouched.
Paul’schildrenbeginwitheldestdaughterJeanHurrellonpage
alongwithherdaughtersMarieandKaraMaealsoonpages
SonPaulillustratesthermodynamicsonpage133.DaughterLeslie,co
-
authorofConceptualPhysicalScience6e,showsatomicstructureonp
age
233.Theirlatemom,andmyfirstwifeMillie,defiestheheatofhotstea
m
onpage134.
Paul’sgrandchildrenbeginwithManuelHewittonpages

7. AlexanderHewittskateboardsonpage103,andhissisterGracieHewit
t
opensChapter1 onpage1.NephewMikeLunaescapesafallingcrate
whileinhisCorvetteonpage115.NieceJoanLucasridesherhorseon
page29.NieceStephanieHewittillustratesrefractiononpage
GrandnieceEsterAlexandriaGonzalesillustratesNewton’sthirdlaw
interactingwithatreeonpage64.GreatgrandnephewHudson
Hendricks,playingSuperman,opensChapter2 onpage
seenonpage58.GreatgrandnephewRichardHernandezopens
6 withaweonpage143.
CityCollegeofSanFranciscofriendsandcolleaguesincludeWillMay
nez
onpages74,and156,JillEvansonpage84,RogerKingonpage
ChelcieLiuwithhistwo-ballracingtrackinAppendixB
Paul’sfriendsinclude,inorderofappearance,BurlGreyonpage
Jukesonpage30andhiswifeJaneonpage65,AndreaWuonpages
and90.AndreaalsoopensPart2 onpage209.HowieBrandisonpage
69,CassyCosmeonpage71,BobMineronpage74,TennyLimonpage

8. 76andagainwithLilonpage173,physicsprofessorChuckStoneonpa
ge
115,FrancescoMingGiovannuzzionpage120,AnetteZetterbergon
page128,JimStithonpage149,WilliamDavisonpage
Mastleronpage165,AbbyDijamcoonpage178,BayJohnsononpage
178,ExploratoriumscientistPattiO’Plasmaonpage179
authorDeanBairdonpage185,physicsteacherBreeBarnettDreyfuss
on
page195,CarlosVasquezonpage200,andPeterHopkinsononpage
204.
ChemistryandastronomyauthorJohn’ssister-in-
lawStephanieKellar
withnephewKemptenKellargracepage212showingthattheclosenes
s
betweenusiswithintheheart.OldfriendRinchinTashepeersthrougha
spectrosopeonpage224whilecousinGeorgeWebsterisseenbesidehi
s

9. electronmicroscopeonpage228.John’srecentradio-
technician,Elwyn
Owen,showsoffhisradiationdetectingbadgeonpage
wife,Tracy,andtheiryoungersonEvandemonstratethatgrowingupis
a
chemicalchangeonpage275.TwoofJohn’sformerstudents,KaiDodg
e
andMaileVenturaareshowntestingthepHofsolutionsonpage
whileJohn’sdaughtereyesthechemistryoficecreamonpage
Lucas,John’snephew,isarocketengineerforSpaceXascanbeseenin
thePartOpenerforastronomyonpage80 9.OurcolleaguesBruceand
LindaNovakareseenholdingthebasketballandtennisballonpage
illustratingtherelativesizesanddistancebetweenEarthandtheMoon
.
Ourlabauthor,DeanBaird,andanotherdearcolleague,PaulDoherty,
recentlypassed,areseengazinguponpinholeimageso fsolareclipses,
bothpartialandannularonpage831.
BiologyauthorJennifer’snephew,VanSavage,opensupBiologyonp
age

10. 397.Jennifer’skidsIoandPicoGilmanshowofftheirsunscreenand
sunhatsonpage456.Jennifer’syoungestdaughter,DaphneGilman,
appearswithherdimplesonpage465.Daphneandherprizedsunflowe
r
appearagainonpage496.Ioalsoappearsonpage535,whereshe
engagesinherfavoritepastime.Jennifer’shusband,NilsGilman,sho
otsa
basketballonpage576.AndJennifer’ssisterPamYeh,whoisalsoa
biologist,showsaspecimenshecaught(andlaterreleased)duringan
ecologicalstudyinNepalonpage592
Earth-ScienceauthorSuzanneLyonswithherchildrenSimoneand
Tristanareshownonpage200.Tristanisonpage28demonstrating
frictionandSimoneisonpage186ponderingthecolorofarose.
Suzanne’shusbandPetedemonstratesthermodynamicsineverydayli
fe
onpage122.Suzanneappreciatesthereflectivityofsnowonpage
Finally,TristanandSimone,nowallgrownup,enjoyEarthScience-
playfullyonpage800.
Thesephotographsareofpeopleverydeartotheauthors,whichmakes

11. ConceptualIntegratedScienceallthemoreourlaboroflove.
PaulG.Hewitt
Formersilver-
medalboxingchampion,signpainter,uraniumprospector,
andsoldier,Paulbegancollegeattheageof27,withthehelpoftheGI
Bill.HepioneeredtheconceptualapproachtoteachingphysicsattheC
ity
CollegeofSanFrancisco.Hehastaughtasaguestteacheratvarious
middleschoolsandhighschools,theUniversityofCaliforniaatbothth
e
BerkeleyandSantaCruzcampuses,andtheUniversityofHawaiiatbot
h
theManoaandHilocampuses.Healsotaughtfor20yearsatthe
ExploratoriuminSanFrancisco,whichhonoredhimwithitsOutstandi
ng
EducatorAwardin2000.HeistheauthorofConceptualPhysics
authorofConceptualPhysicalScienceandConceptualPhysicalScien
ce
Explorations(withJohnSuchockiandLeslieHewittAbrams).
SuzanneLyons

12. SuzannereceivedherB.A.inphysicsfromtheUniversityofCalif ornia
,
Berkeley.SheearnedherM.A.ineducationandherCaliforniateachin
g
credentialbothfromStanfordUniversity.SheearnedanotherM.A.
degreeinIntegratedEarthSciencesfromCaliforniaStateUniversity
Sacramento.SuzannewaseditorofConceptualPhysicsandotherbook
sin
theConceptualseriesfor16yearsandhasauthored7booksonphysics,
hands-onscienceactivities,andothertopicsinscienceandeducation.
Shehastaughtscienceandeducationcoursestostudentsofdiverseage
s
andabilitylevels,fromelementaryschoolthroughcollege.Sheisalwa
ys
interestedindevelopingnewwaystoteachandtothatend,shefounded
thesmallbusinessCooperativeGames.com.
JohnA.Suchocki
JohnistheauthorofConceptualChemistryandcoauthorof
PhysicalScience.JohnobtainedhisPh.D.inorganicchemistryfrom

13. VirginiaCommonwealthUniversitywherehealsocompleteda
postdoctoralfellowshipinpharmacology.Asatenuredprofessorat
LeewardCommunityCollege,hisintereststurnedtoscienceeducatio
n,
thedevelopmentofdistancelearningprograms,andstudent-centered
learningcurricula.CurrentlyanadjunctprofessoratSaintMichael’s
CollegeinVermont,Johnalsoproducessciencemultimediathroughh
is
companyConceptualProductions.Hispopulartutorialvideolessons,
as
wellasthoseofhiscoauthors,arefreelyavailableat
ConceptualAcademy.com.
JenniferYeh
JenniferearnedaPh.D.inintegrativebiologyfromtheUniversityof
Texas,Austin,forherworkonfrogskeletonevolution.Sheobtainedhe
r
B.A.inphysicsandastronomyfromHarvardUniversity.Followinghe
r
graduatework,JenniferwasapostdoctoralfellowattheUniversityof

14. California,SanFrancisco,whereshestudiedthegeneticsofbreastcan
cer.
Jenniferhastaughtcoursesinphysics,cellbiology,humanembryolog
y,
vertebrateanatomy,andecologyandevolution.Sheistheauthorof
variousscientificpapersaswellasthebookEndangeredSpecies:Must
They
Disappear?(Thomson/Gale,©2002,2004).Jennifercontinuestowor
kon
awidevarietyofintroductorybiologymaterials,includingvariousonl
ine
materials.
TotheStudent
WELCOMETOConceptualIntegratedScience.Thescienceyou’llle
arnhere
isINTEGRATED.Thatmeanswe’llexploretheindividualscience
disciplinesofphysics,chemistry,biology,Earthscience,andastrono
my
PLUStheareaswherethesedisciplinesoverlap.Mostofthescientific
questionsyou’recuriousabout,orneedtoknowabout,involvenotjust

15. onediscipline,butseveraloftheminanoverlappingway.Howdidthe
universeoriginate?That’sastronomy+physics.Howareourbodies
alteredbythefoodsweeat,themedicineswetake,andthewaywe
exercise?That’schemistry+biology.What’sthegreenhouseeffect?
Willit
triggerirreversibleglobalwarming,threateninglifeonourplanet?
Physics,chemistry,biology,andEarthscienceareallneededto
understandtheanswers.
We’reconvincedthattheCONCEPTUALorientationofthisbookisth
e
wayinwhichstudentsbestlearnscience.Thatmeansthatweemphasiz
e
conceptsbeforecomputation.Althoughmuchofscienceismathemati
cal,a
firmqualitativegraspofconceptsisalsoimportant.Toomuchemphasi
s
onmathematicalproblemsolvingearlyinyoursciencestudiescan
actuallydistractyoufromtheconceptsandpreventyoufromfully
comprehendingthem.Ifyoucontinueinscience,youmayfollowupwit
h

16. classesrequiringadvancedmathematicalmethods.Whetheryoudoor
don’t,wethinkyou’llbegladyoulearnedtheconceptsfirstwithjust
enoughmathtomakethemclearer.
Thiscourseprovidesplentyofresourcesbeyondthetextaswell.For
example,theinteractivefigures,interactivetutorials,anddemonstrat
ion
videosonwww.masteringphysics.comwillhelpyouvisualizescienc
e
concepts,particularlyprocessesthatvaryovertime,suchasthevelocit
y
ofanobjectinfreefall,thephasesoftheMoon,ortheformationof
chemicalbonds.TheactivitiesintheLaboratoryManual
gut-levelfeelingforconceptsandyouranalyticalskills.Ponderthe
puzzlersintheConceptualIntegratedSciencePracticeBook
throughthesimplereviewquestions —allthiswillincreaseyour
confidenceandmasteryofscience.
Aswithallthings,whatyougetoutofthisclassdependsonwhatyouput
intoit.Sostudyhard,askallthequestionsyouneedto,andmostofall
enjoyyourscientifictouroftheamazingnaturalworld!

17. TotheInstructor
THISTHIRDEDITIONOFConceptualIntegratedScience,withitsim
portant
ancillaries,providesyourstudentsanenjoyableandreadable
introductorycoverageofthenaturalsciences.Aswiththeprevious
edition,the29chaptersaredividedintofivemainparts —Physics,
Chemistry,Biology,EarthScience,andAstronomy.Webeginwith
physics,thebasicsciencethatprovidesafoundationforchemistry,wh
ich
inturnunderliesbiology,whichextendstoEarthscie nceandastronom
y.
Forthenonsciencestudent,thisbookaffordsameansofviewingnature
perceptively.Onecanseethatsurprisinglyfewrelationshipsmakeupi
ts
rules,mostofwhicharethelawsofphysicspresentedin
Physicslawsarenature’ssecretcodes.Heretheyareexpressedbothin
wordsandinequationform.Weviewequationsasguidestothinking
Evenstudentswhoshyawayfrommathematicscanlearntoread
equationstoguidetheirthinking—toseehowconceptsconnect.The
symbolsinequationsareakintomusicalnotesthatguidemusicians.

18. Forthesciencestudent,thissamefoundationaffordsaspringboardto
furtherstudy.Forquantitativelyorientedstudents,ampleend-of-
chapter
materialprovidesproblem-solvingactivitythroughthe
problems.
Physicsbeginswithstaticequilibriumsothatstudentscanstartwith
forcesbeforestudyingvelocityandacceleration.Aftersuccesswithsi
mple
forces,thecoveragetoucheslightlyonkinematics,enoughpreparatio
nfor
Newton’slawsofmotion.Thepacepicksupwiththeconventionalorde
r
ofmechanicstopicsfollowedbyheat,thermodynamics,electricityan
d
magnetism,sound,andlight.Physicschaptersleadtotherealmofthe
atom—abridgetochemistry.
Thechemistrychaptersbeginwithalookatthesubmicroscopicworldo
f
theatom,whichisdescribedintermsofsubatomicparticlesandthe
periodictable.Studentsarethenintroducedtotheatomicnucleusandit

19. s
relevancetoradioactivity,nuclearpower,aswellasastronomy.
Subsequentchemistrychaptersfollowatraditionalapproachcoverin
g
chemicalchanges,bonding,molecularinteractions,andtheformatio
nof
mixtures.Withthisfoundation,studentsarethensettolearnthe
mechanicsofchemicalreactionsandthebehavioroforganiccompoun
ds.
Aswithpreviouseditions,chemistryisrelatedtothestudent’sfamiliar
world—thefluorineintheirtoothpaste,theTeflonontheirfryingpans,
andtheflavorsproducedbyvariousorganicmolecules.The
environmentalaspectsofchemis tryarealsohighlighted—
fromhowour
drinkingwaterispurifiedtohowatmosphericcarbondioxideinfluenc
es
thepHofrainwaterandouroceans.
Thebiologysectionbeginsbyasking—
whatconstituteslife?Eachofthe
firstthreechaptersfocusesonakeyfeatureoflivingthings.Webegin

20. withadiscussionofcells,moveontogenes,andfinally,tackleevolutio
n
andtheoriginoflife.Fromhere,weproceedtoanoverviewofthe
differentkindsoflivingthingsfoundonEarth.Thisoverviewisfollow
ed
bytwochaptersonhumans,ourownspecies.Inthesechapters,westud
y
thehumanbodyandhowitworks.Finally,welookatecology,thestudy
ofhowlivingorganismsinteractwiththeirenvironments.
TheEarthsciencechaptersbeginwithplatetectonics,thetheorythat
establishestheunderlyingframeworkofthegeosciences.Thenext
chapterisaboutrocksandminerals,theprincipalmaterialsthatmakeu
p
thesolidEarth.ThencomesatourofEarth’slandforms,surfacefeature
s,
andgeographyfollowedbyachapteronsurficialprocesses —those
processesofweathering,erosion,anddepositionthatoriginateatEart
h’s
surfaceandshapetheplanet’scontours.PlatetectonicsisaboutEarth’
s
interior,andthechaptersonrock,landforms,andsurficialprocesses

21. describeEarth’ssurface.Thenextchapterinthesequenceriseshigher
still—intotheatmosphere—withweather.Thesubjectofweatheris
brokendownintoelementsfromatmosphericpressuretowindto
precipitationthatcanbelearnedseparatelybutthenappliedtocomple
x
phenomenasuchasweathersystems.TheEarthscienceunitconcludes
withachapteronenvironmentalgeology,whichisnewtothesecond
edition.Itprovidesanupdatedreviewofearthquakes,tsunami,
hurricanes,volcaniceruptions,andothergeologichazards.Most
importantly,itfeaturesexpandedcoverageofourchangingclimate
includingextensivediscussionofnaturalandanthropogenicclimate
change.
Theapplicationsofphysics,chemistry,biology,andtheEarthscience
s
appliedtoothermassivebodiesintheuniverseculminatein
astronomy
.Thisunitintroducesthebasicstructureoftheuniversefrom
ourlocalsolarsystemandthestarsweseeatnighttogalaxiesand
superclustersofgalaxies.Focusisgiventomoderntheoriesdescribin
g

22. howthisstructureevolvedandiscontinuingtoevolve.Manyrecent
discoveriesarefeaturedinthisedition,illustratingthatscienceismore
thanagrowingbodyofknowledge;itisanarenainwhichhumans
activelyandsystematicallyreachouttolearnmoreaboutourplaceinth
e
universe.
What’sNewtoThisEdition
C onceptualIntegratedSciencenowcomeswithapowerfulmediapac
kage
includingMasteringPhysics®,themostwidelyused,educationally
proven,andtechnologicallyadvancedtutorialandhomeworksystem
available.
MasteringPhysicscontains:
Alibraryofassignableandautomaticallygradedcontent
tutorials,visualactivities,end-of-chapterproblems,andtestbank
questionssoinstructorscancreatethemosteffectivehomework
assignmentswithjustafewclicks.Acolor-codedgradebook

23. instantlyidentifiesvulnerablestudentsortopicareasthatare
challengingforstudentsintheclass.
Astudentstudyareawithpracticequizzes,InteractiveFigures,self-
guidedtutorials,flashcards,videos,accesstothePearsoneText
versionofthebook,andmore.
AninstructorresourcessectionwithPowerPointlectures,clicker
questions,InstructorManualfilesandmore.
Anothersignificantrevisionforthisthirdeditionlieswiththe
developmentoftheend-of-chapterreview.Newquestionswereadded
whileolderoneswereeitherdiscardedorrewordedforimprovedqualit
y.
AllquestionswerethenorganizedfollowingBloom’staxonomyof
learningasfollows:
SummaryofTerms(Knowledge)
Thesekeytermsmatchthedefinitionsgivenwithinthechapterand
arenowlistedinalphabeticalordersothattheyappearasamini -
glossaryforthechapter.

24. ReadingCheckQuestions(Comprehension)
Thesequestionsframetheimportantideasofeachsectioninthe
chapter.Theyareforreviewandacheckofreadingcomprehension.
Theyaresimplequestionsandallanswerscaneasilybediscoveredin
thechapter.
ThinkIntegratedScience
QuestionspertainingtotheIntegratedSciencesectionsofeach
chapterarecontainedinthissection.Questionsrangefrom
straightforward,reading-checktypequestionstocritical-thinking
exercises.
ThinkandDo(Hands-OnApplication)
TheThinkandDoitemsareeasy-to-performhands-onactivities
designedtohelpstudentsexperiencephysicalscie nceconceptsfor
themselves.
ThinkandSolve(MathematicalApplication)
TheThinkandSolvequestionsblendsimplemathematicswith
concepts.Theyallowstudentstoapplyproblem-solvingtechniques,

25. manyofwhicharefeaturedintheMathConnectionboxedfeatures.
ThinkandCompare(Analysis)
TheThinkandComparequestionsaskstudentstomakecomparisons
ofquantities.Forexample,whenaskedtorankquantitiessuchas
momentumorkineticenergy,appreciablymorejudgmentiscalledfor
thaninprovidingnumericalanswers.SomeThinkandCompare
analyzetrends,asinrankingatomsinorderofincreasingsizebased
uponstudentunderstandingoftheperiodictable.Thisfeatureelicits
criticalthinkingthatgoesbeyondThinkandSolve.
ThinkandExplain(Synthesis)
TheThinkandExplainquestions,byanotchortwo,arethemore
challengingquestionsattheendofeachchapter.Manyrequire
criticalthinkingwhileothersaredesignedtoprompttheapplication
ofsciencetoeverydaysituations.Allstudentswantingtoperform
wellonexamsshouldbedirectedtotheExercisesbecausetheseare
thequestionsthatdirectlyassessstudentunderstanding.Accordingly
,
manyoftheExerciseshavebeenadaptedtoamultiple-choiceformat

26. andintegratedintotheConceptualIntegratedScience,3e
willhopefullyallowtheinstructortorewardthosestudentswhoput
timeandeffortintotheExercises.
ThinkandDiscuss(Evaluation)
TheThinkandDiscusstopicsprovidestudentstheopportunityto
applyscienceconceptstoreal-lifesituations,suchaswhetheracupof
hotcoffeeservedtoyouinarestaurantcoolsfasterwhencreamis
addedpromptlyorafewminuteslater.Otherdiscussionquestions
allowstudentstopresenttheireducatedopinionsonanumberof
science-relatedhottopics,suchastheappearanceofpharmaceuticals
indrinkingwater.
ReadinessAssuranceTest
Eachchapterreviewconcludeswithasetof10multiple-choice
questionsthatstudentscantakeforself-assessment.Theyareadvised
tostudyfurtheriftheyscorelessthan7correctanswers.
Alsointhiseditionarethesolutionstotheodd-numberedend-of-
chapterquestionsinthebackofthisbook.Asbefore,solutionstoallend

27. -
of-
chapterquestionsareavailabletoinstructorsthroughtheInstructor
ManualforConceptualIntegratedScience,whichisfoundintheInstru
ctor
ResourceCenterandintheInstructorResourceareaofMastering
Physics.
Thisthirdeditionfeaturesanewand,wethink,refreshingpagelayout
design.Integratedintothisdesignarelearningobjectives
alongsideeachchaptersectionhead.Eachlearningobjectivebeginsw
ith
anactiveverbthatspecifieswhatthestudentshouldbeabletodoafter
studyingthatsection,suchas“Calculatetheenergyreleasedbya
chemicalreaction.”Thesesection-
specificlearningobjectivesarefurther
integratedintothenewMasteringPhysicsonlinetutorial/assessment
tool.
Thetextofallchaptershasbeeneditedforaccuracy,betterreadability,
andalsoupdatedtoreflectcurrentevents,suchasthenewdataand

28. imagesfromspacecraftsandorbitingtelescopesandthepopularityof
personalDNAtesting.
Thescopeandsequenceofchaptersisrevisedforthissecondedition.T
he
materialontheatomhasbeenfoldedintothechemistryunitsothatthe
atomictheoryisexplainedatthepointofuse.InPartThree —Biology
thegeneticschapterhasbeenreorganized,andmuchnewmaterialhas
beenaddedonDNAtechnology,itsuses,anditspotentialdangers.The
ecologychapterhasalsobeenreorganizedwithnewattentiontohuman
populationgrowthandhumanecologicalfootprints.TheEarthscienc
e
materialhasbeenreorganizedsuchthatthegeographymaterialisnow
separatedfromthediscussionofsurficialprocesses,allowingformor
e
discussionoftheoceans.AchapteronHistoricalGeologywaseliminat
ed
withthemostimportantconcepts(suchasthegeologictimescale,
Cretaceousextinction,andthenatureoftherockrecord)beingintegrat
ed
intootherchapters.TheeliminationofHistoricalGeologyallowedthe
newchapteronEnvironmentalGeologytobeaddedwithin-depth

29. coverageofclimatechange.InPartFive —Astronomy ,asidefrom
updatesfromrecentdiscoveries,thefirstsectionofChapter28
heavilyrevisedinitspresentationofnebulartheoryandthesecond
chapterofthisunitisexpandedgreatlytoincludediscussionsof
cosmology.
AncillaryMaterials
Mostsignificantly,ConceptualIntegratedScienceisavailablewith
MasteringPhysics—
ahomework,tutorial,andassessmentsystembased
onyearsofresearchintohowstudentsworkproblemsandprecisely
wheretheyneedhelp.StudiesshowthatstudentswhouseMastering
Physicssignificantlyincreasetheirscorescomparedtohand-written
homework.MasteringPhysicsachievesthisimprovementbyprovidi
ng
studentswithinstantaneousfeedbackspecifictotheirwronganswers
and
simplersub-
problemsuponrequestwhentheygetstuck.Instructorscan

30. alsoassignEnd-of-
Chapter(EOC)problemsfromeverychapterincluding
multiple-choicequestions,section-specificexercises,andgeneral
problems.Quantitativeproblemscanbeassignedwithnumericalans
wers
andrandomizedvaluesorsolutions.
ThePearsoneTextofConceptualIntegratedScienceisavailablethrou
gh
MasteringPhysics.Allowingstudentsaccesstothetextwhereverthey
haveaccesstotheInternet,thePearsoneTextcomprisesthefulltext,
includingfiguresthatcanbeenlargedforbetterviewing,popup
definitionsandterms,anote-takingfeature,andmore.
Tutorialvideolessonsandscreencastsfeaturingtheauthorsarenow
availabletostudentsatConceptualAcademy.com.Thisisamust-visit
websiteforanystudentwhoneedsabitofextrahelp.Itisalsoagreat
toolfortheonlinecomponentofanycourseandasasupportfor
instructorsseekingtoincludemorestudentactivitiesduringclass.
TheInstructorManualforConceptualIntegratedScience

31. 47973-
5),whichyou’llfindtobedifferentfrommostinstructors’manuals,
allowsforavarietyofcoursedesignstofityourtaste.Itcontainsmany
lectureideasandtopicsnottreatedinthetextbookaswellasteaching
tipsandsuggestedstep-by-
steplecturesanddemonstrations.Ithasfull-
pageanswerstoalltheend-of-chaptermaterialinthetext.
TheConceptualIntegratedSciencePracticeBook(ISBN978-0-135-
47975-
9)isapencilandpaperworkbookthatweseeasourmostcreativework.
Studentinteractionsincludefillingintheblanks,makingcalculations
,
completingdiagrams,andvisualizingconceptsbeinglearned—allof
whichisstudentengagementwithsubjectmatteratitsbest.Andquite
nicely,thisthirdeditionhasaddedPracticePagestoallfivepartsofthe
textbook.Itspansawideuseofanalogiesandintriguingsituations,all
withauser-friendlytone.
TheTestBankforConceptualIntegratedScience(ISBN978-0-135-
47965-
0)hasmorethan3000multiple-choicequestions.Thequestionsare

32. categorizedaccordingtolevelofdifficulty.TheTestBankallowsyout
o
editquestions,addquestions,andcreatemultipletestversions.
Anothervaluablemediaresourceavailabletoyouisthe
ResourceCenter(Dow nloadOnly)forConceptualIntegratedScience
978-0-135-47970-
4).AvailableinMasteringPhysics,theseresources
provideinstructorswiththelargestlibraryavailableofpurpose -
built,in-
classpresentationmaterials,includingalltheimagesfromthebookin
high-resolutionJPEGformat;interactivefigures™andvideos;
PowerPoint®lectureoutlinesandclickerquestionsinPRS-
enabledformat
foreachchapter,allofwhicharewrittenbytheauthors;andHewitt’s
acclaimedNext-
TimeQuestionsinPDFformat.TheInstructorResource
Centerprovidesyouwitheverythi ngyouneedtopreparefordynamic,
engaginglecturesinnotime.
Gotoit!Yourconceptualintegratedsciencecoursereallycanbethemo
st
interesting,informative,andworthwhilesciencecourseyourstudent

33. swill
evertake.
BriefContents
1AboutScience
PARTONE:Physics
2DescribingMotion
3Newton’sLawsofMotion
4MomentumandEnergy
5Gravity
6Heat
7ElectricityandMagnetism
8Waves—SoundandLight
PARTTWO:Chemistry
9AtomsandthePeriodicTable
10TheAtomicNucleusandRadioactivity
11InvestigatingMatter

34. 12ChemicalBondsandMixtures
13ChemicalReactions
14OrganicCompounds
PARTTHREE:Biology
15TheBasicUnitofLife—TheCell

35. 16Genetics
17TheEvolutionofLife
18DiversityofLifeonEarth
19HumanBiologyI—ControlandDevelopment
20HumanBiologyII—CareandMaintenance
21Ecology
PARTFOUR:EarthScience
22PlateTectonics:TheEarthSystem
23RocksandMinerals
24Earth’sSurface—LandandWater
25SurfaceProcesses

36. 26WeatherandClimate
27EnvironmentalGeology
PARTFIVE:Astronomy
28TheSolarSystem
29TheUniverse
APPENDIXA:OnMeasurementandUnitConversion
APPENDIXB:LinearandRotationalMotion
APPENDIXC:MoreonVectors
APPENDIXD:ExponentialGrowthandDoublingTime

37. APPENDIXE:PhysicsofFluids
APPENDIXF:ChemicalEquilibrium
ODD-NUMBEREDSOLUTIONS
GLOSSARY
CREDITS
INDEX

38. Acknowledgments
THEAUTHORSWISHTOexpresstheirsincereappreciationtothema
ny
talentedandgenerouspeoplewhohelpedmakeConceptualIntegrated
Science,nowinitsThirdEdition,cometolife.Totheteachersand
professorswhoreviewedthemanuscript,givinggenerouslyoftheirti
me,
weexpressheartfeltappreciation.
Wethankallthecontributorstothisthirdandpreviouseditionsof
ConceptualIntegratedScience,aswellasthemanypeoplewhocontrib
uted
totheotherbooksintheConceptualseries:ConceptualPhysics
Chemistry,ConceptualPhysicalScience,andConceptualIntegrated
Science—
Explorations.Forhelpingtoshapethephysicscontentovertheyears,i
n
thestudenteditionsaswellasourmanysupplements,wethank:Dean
Baird,TsingBardin,HowieBrand,AlexiCogan,WilliamDavis,Paul

39. Doherty,MarshallEllenstein,KenFord,LillianLeeHewitt,JimHicks
,Ron
Hipschman,DavidHousden,JohnHubisz,ScottyGraham,WillMayn
ez,
FredMyers,BruceNovak,RonPerkins,DianeReindeau,David
Williamson,LarryWeinstein,PhilWolf,andDeanZollman.
Fordevelopmentofchemistrychapters,thanksgotoAdedoyinAdeyig
a,
JohnBonte,EmilyBorda,CharlesCarraher,NatasheCleveland,Sara
Devo,AndyFrazer,KennethFrench,MarciaGillette,Chu-
NgiHo,Frank
Lambert,JeremyMason,DanielPredecki,BrittPrice,JeremyRamsey
,
KathrynRust,WilliamScott,AnneMarieSokol,JasonVohs,BobWid
ing,
andDavidYates.
Foradviceandwide-rangingcontributionstothebiologysection,we
thankPamelaYeh,SarahYing,NinaShapley,NilsGilman,Todd
Schlenke,HowardYing,BrianWest,RobertDudley,VivianneDing,
Mike

40. Fried,W.BryanJennings,RachelZierzow,ErnieBrown,andLilHewi
tt.
ForEarthscienceinspiration,input,andadvice,wearegratefultoLesl
ie
HewittAbramsandBobAbrams.Theygavegenerouslyoftheirtimeto
shareinsightsgainedfromtheirworkauthoringandteachingEarth
science.WearealsogratefultoTsingBardin,JudyKusnick,Bruce
Gervais,LilHewitt,DianeCarlson,andLynneCherry.
Forspacescience,wearegratefultoJeffreyBennett,MeganDonahue,
NicholasSchneider,andMarkVoltforpermissiontousemanyofthe
graphicsthatappearintheirtextbookTheCosmicPerspective
Also,forreviewsoftheastronomychapters,weremaingratefulto
RichardCrowe,BjornDavidson,StacyMcGaugh,MichelleMizuno-
Wiedner,JohnO’Meara,NeildeGrassTyson,JoeWesney,Lynda
Williams,andErickZackrisson.
OurcolleaguesatPearsonhavebeenourpartnersinthisprojectand
givenusmuchsupportandguidance.Forthisthirdedition,weare
gratefultoeditorJessicaMoro,andhereditorialassistants,Sabrina

41. MarshallandFrancesLai.WethankourprojectmanagerHeidiAguiar
andsciencecontentproducerHeidiAllgairfortheircompetentand
insightfulhandlingoftheproductionprocess.
TheConceptualIntegratedScienceauthorsarefortunatetohavehelpf
uland
lovingspouseswhohavesupportedusthroughthelonghoursand
contributedtoourefforts.ThanksgotoLillianLeeHewitt,PeteLang
(Suzanne’shusband),TracySuchocki,a ndNilsGilman(Jennifer’s
husband).Andtoourkids,wesendourloveandgratitude:Tristanand
SimoneLyonsLang;Ian,Evan,andMaitreyaSuchocki;andIo,Pico,a
nd
DaphneYehGilman.
Reviewers
LeilaAmiri,UniversityofSouthFlorida
LeanneAvery,IndianaUniversityofPennsylvania
BambiBailey,MidwesternStateUniversity
DirkBaron,CaliforniaStateUniversity,Bakersfield
DanielBerger,BlufftonUniversity

42. ReginaldBlake,CityTechUniversityofNewYork
DerrickBoucher,King’sCollege
MartinBrock,EasternKentuckyUniversity
LindaBrown,GainsvilleCollege
MaryBrown,LansingCommunityCollege
StevenBurns,St.ThomasAquinasCollege
ErikBurtis,NorthernValleyCommunityCollege,Woodbridge
RedChasteen,SamHoustonStateUniversity
GerryClarkson,HowardPayneUniversity
AnneColeman,CabriniCollege
GaryCourts,UniversityofDayton
RandyCriss,St.LeoUniversity
JasonDahl,BemidjiStateUniversity
TerryDerting,MurrayStateUniversity
DavidDiMattio,St.BonaventureUniversity
GaryNeilDouglas,BereaCollege
S.KeithDunn,CentreCollege

43. GeorgeEcon,JacksonCommunityCollege
MichaelS.Epstein,MountSt.Mary’sUniversity
CharlesFigura,WartburgCollege
LoriK.Garrett,DanvilleAreaCommunityCollege
DavidGoldsmith,WestminsterCollege
BrianGoodman,LakelandCollege
NydiaR.Hannah,GeorgiaStateUniversity
CaroleHillman,ElmhurstUniversity
JamesHoupis,CaliforniaStateUniversity,Chico
ThomasHunt,JacksonCommunityCollege
JeremiahK.Jarrett,CentralConnecticutStateUniversity
PeterJeffers,StateUniversityofNewYork,Cortland
CharlesJohnson,SouthGeorgiaCollege
RichardJones,TexasWomen’sUniversity
DavidT.King,Jr.,AuburnUniversity
CarlKlook,CaliforniaStateUniversity,Bakersfield
KennethLaser,EdisonCommunityCollege
JeffreyLaub,RogersStateUniversity

44. HollyLawson,StateUniversityofNewYork,Fredonia
DavidLee,BiolaUniversity
StevenLosh,StateUniversityofNewYork,Cortland
NtungwaMaasha,CoastalGeorgiaCommunityCollege
KingshukMajumdar,BereaCollege
LynetteMcGregor,WartburgCollege
PrestonMiles,CentreCollege
FrankL.Misiti,BloomburgUniversity
MarleneMorales,MiamiDadeCollege
MatthewNehring,AdamsStateCollege
DouglasNelson,CoastalCarolinaUniversity
JanOliver,TroyStateUniversity
TrevaPamer,NewJerseyCityUniversity
ToddPedlar,LutherCollege
DeniceRobertson,NorthernKentuckyUniversity
JudyRosovsky,JohnsonStateCollege
StevenSalaris,AllSaintsChristianSchool

45. TerryShank,MarshallUniversity
SedoniaSipes,SouthernIllinoisUniversity,Carbondale
RanSivron,BakerUniversity
PriscillaSkalac,OlivetNazareneUniversity
JohnSnyder,LansingCommunityCollege
StuartSnyder,MontanaStateUniversity
StanleySobolewski,IndianaUniversityofPennsylvania
AnneMarieSokol,BuffaloStateCollege
PamelaStephens,MidwesternStateUniversity
LauraStumpe,HolyCrossCollege,NotreDame
KarenSwanson,WilliamPattersonUniversity
TimothySwindle,UniversityofArizona
RachelTeasdale,CaliforniaStateUniversity,Chico
DianaTreahy,AndersonUniversity
ChristosValiotis,AntelopeValleyCollege
RobinvanTine,St.LeoUniversity
DanielVaughn,SouthernIllinoisUniversity

46. StephenWebb,BresciaCollege
KarenWehn,BuffaloStateUniversity
AdamWenz,MontanaStateUniversity,GreatFalls
WilliamWickun,MontanaStateUniversity,Billings
BonnieS.Wood,UniversityofMaine,PresqueIsle
RobertZdor,AndrewsUniversity
DetailedContents
1AboutScience
1.1ABriefHistoryofAdvancesinScience
1.2MathematicsandConceptualIntegratedScience
1.3TheScientificMethod—AClassicTool
1.4TheScientificHypothesis
1.5TheScientificExperiment
1.6Facts,Theories,andLaws
1.7Science,Art,andReligion
1.8Technology—ThePracticalUseofScience
1.9TheNaturalSciences:Physics,Chemistry,Biology,

47. EarthScience,andAstronomy
1.10IntegratedScience
INTEGRATEDSCIENCE1A:PHYSICS,CHEMISTRY,
EARTHSCIENCE,BIOLOGY,ANDASTRONOMY
TheAuroraBorealis
PARTONE:Physics
2DescribingMotion
2.1AristotleonMotion

48. 2.2Galileo’sConceptofInertia
2.3Mass—AMeasureofInertia
2.4NetForce
2.5TheEquilibriumRule
2.6TheSupportForce
2.7TheForceofFriction
INTEGRATEDSCIENCE2A:BIOLOGY,
ASTRONOMY,CHEMISTRY,ANDEARTHSCIENCE
FrictionIsUniversal
2.8SpeedandVelocity
2.9Acceleration
INTEGRATEDSCIENCE2B:BIOLOGY

49. HangTime
3Newton’sLawsofMotion
3.1Newton’sFirstLawofMotion
3.2Newton’sSecondLawofMotion
INTEGRATEDSCIENCE3A:BIOLOGY
Gliding
3.3ForcesandInteractions
3.4Newton’sThirdLawofMotion
INTEGRATEDSCIENCE3B:BIOLOGY

50. AnimalLocomotion
3.5Vectors
3.6SummaryofNewton’sThreeLaws
4MomentumandEnergy
4.1Momentum
4.2Impulse
4.3Impulse–MomentumRelationship
INTEGRATEDSCIENCE4A:BIOLOGY
TheImpulse–MomentumRelationshipinSports

51. 4.4ConservationofMomentum
4.5Energy
4.6Power
4.7PotentialEnergy
4.8KineticEnergy
4.9TheWork–EnergyTheorem
4.10ConservationofEnergy
INTEGRATEDSCIENCE4B:BIOLOGYAND
CHEMISTRY
Glucose:EnergyforLife

52. 4.11Machines
5Gravity
5.1TheFallingAppleandFallingMoon
5.2Newton’sLawofUniversalGravitation
5.3GravityandDistance:TheInverse-SquareLaw
INTEGRATEDSCIENCE5A:BIOLOGY
YourBiologicalGravityDetector

53. 5.4WeightandWeightlessness
INTEGRATEDSCIENCE5B:BIOLOGY
CenterofGravityofPeople
5.5CentripetalForceandSimulatedGravity
5.6ProjectileMotion
5.7Fast-MovingProjectiles—Satellites
5.8CircularandEllipticalOrbits
INTEGRATEDSCIENCE5C:ASTRONOMY
EscapeSpeed
6Heat
6.1TheKineticTheoryofMatter
6.2Temperature
6.3AbsoluteZero

54. 6.4Heat
6.5TheLawsofThermodynamics
INTEGRATEDSCIENCE6A:CHEMISTRYAND
BIOLOGY

55. Entropy
6.6SpecificHeatCapacity
INTEGRATEDSCIENCE6B:EARTHSCIENCE
SpecificHeatCapacityandEarth’sClimate
6.7ThermalExpansion
6.8HeatTransfer:Conduction
6.9HeatTransfer:Convection
6.10HeatTransfer:Radiation
7ElectricityandMagnetism
7.1ElectricalForceandCharge
7.2Coulomb’sLaw
7.3ElectricField
7.4ElectricPotential
7.5ConductorsandInsulators
7.6VoltageSources
7.7ElectricCurrent

56. 7.8ElectricalResistance
7.9Ohm’sLaw
INTEGRATEDSCIENCE7A:BIOLOGY
ElectricShock

57. 7.10ElectricCircuits
7.11ElectricPower
7.12TheMagneticForce
7.13MagneticFields
INTEGRATEDSCIENCE7B:BIOLOGYANDEARTH
SCIENCE
Earth’sMagneticFieldandtheAbilityofOrganismsto
SenseIt
7.14MagneticForcesonMovingCharges
7.15ElectromagneticInduction
8Waves—SoundandLight
8.1VibrationsandWaves
8.2WaveMotion

58. 8.3TransverseandLongitudinalWaves
8.4TheNatureofSound
INTEGRATEDSCIENCE8A:BIOLOGY
SensingPitch
8.5Resonance
8.6TheNatureofLight
8.7Reflection

59. 8.8TransparentandOpaqueMaterials
8.9Color
INTEGRATEDSCIENCE8B:BIOLOGY
MixingColoredLights
8.10Refraction
8.11Diffraction
8.12Interference
8.13TheDopplerEffect
INTEGRATEDSCIENCE8C:ASTRONOMY
TheDopplerEffectandtheExpandingUniverse

60. 8.14TheWave–ParticleDuality
PARTTWO:Chemistry
9AtomsandthePeriodicTable
INTEGRATEDSCIENCE9A:PHYSICS
AtomsAreAncientandEmpty
9.1TheElements
9.2ProtonsandNeutrons
9.3ThePeriodicTable
INTEGRATEDSCIENCE9B:BIOLOGYANDEARTH
SCIENCE

61. PhysicalandConceptualModels
9.4IdentifyingAtomsUsingtheSpectroscope
9.5TheQuantumHypothesis
9.6ElectronWaves
9.7TheNobleGasShellModel
10TheAtomicNucleusandRadioactivity
10.1Radioactivity
INTEGRATEDSCIENCE10A:BIOLOGY

62. RadiationDosage
10.2TheStrongNuclearForce
10.3Half-LifeandTransmutation
INTEGRATEDSCIENCE10B:BIOLOGYANDEARTH
SCIENCE
RadiometricDating
10.4NuclearFission
10.5Mass–EnergyEquivalence
INTEGRATEDSCIENCE10C:ASTRONOMY
NuclearFusion
11InvestigatingMatter
11.1Chemistry:TheCentralScience

63. 11.2TheSubmicroscopicViewofMatter
11.3PhaseChanges
11.4PhysicalandChemicalProperties
11.5DeterminingPhysicalandChemicalChanges
11.6ElementstoCompounds

64. 11.7NamingCompounds
INTEGRATEDSCIENCE11A:PHYSICSAND
BIOLOGY
TheAdventofNanotechnology
12ChemicalBondsandMixtures
12.1Electron-DotStructures
12.2TheIonicBond
INTEGRATEDSCIENCE12A:EARTHSCIENCE
MetalsfromEarth
12.3TheCovalentBond
12.4PolarCovalentBonds
12.5MolecularPolarity
12.6MolecularAttractions
INTEGRATEDSCIENCE12B:BIOLOGYANDEARTH
SCIENCE
MostMaterialsAreMixtures

65. 12.7Describing
Solution
s
12.8Solubility

66. 13ChemicalReactions
13.1ChemicalEquations
13.2EnergyandChemicalReactions
13.3ReactionRates
INTEGRATEDSCIENCE13A:EARTHSCIENCEAND

67. BIOLOGY
Catalysts
13.4AcidsDonateProtons;BasesAcceptThem
13.5Acidic,Basic,andNeutral