Degree of harmony of preparation of human resources in

European Journal of Business and Management www.iiste.org
ISSN 2222-1905 (Paper) ISSN 2222-2839 (Online)
Vol.6, No.31, 2014
405
Degree of Harmony of Preparation of Human Resources In
Private Universities With Requirements of Labour Market
Dr. Yacoub A. Nasereddin
Middle East university, , Chairman of the board
Abstract
This study aimed at estimating the degree of harmony of preparation of human resources in the private
universities with the requirements of the labour market from the point of view of the academic leaders, students,
and leaders of labour market. And to achieve these objectives the researcher developed a questionnaire consisted
of two parts, the first part concerns about the academic leaders and students, and consists of (71) paragraphs,
distributed into eight fields, and the second part concerns about leaders of the labour market, and consists of (40)
paragraphs. After making sure of their validity and reliability they were applied on the academic leaders and
students of the year of graduation and leaders of labour market. And the results of study deduced that the
estimation of the degree of harmony of preparation of human resources in the private universities with the
requirements of labour market, from the point of view of the academic leaders came at a great degree. But for the
students and leaders of labour market had come at a medium estimation. Key words: harmony, preparation of
human resources, higher education institutions labour market, academicians, and students.
Introduction ;
The world today witnesses numerous developments, and hasting variables in different fields. And from the most
prominent of them; the challenges emerged by the globalization phenomenon, the worldly competition,
development of information systems and communications, for the higher education institutions confront plenty of
challenges, push them to search for new and effective innovative techniques and machineries to promote with the
level of their performance and services, to attain high quality and distinction and achieve high competitive
capacities to meet demands of the community from human resources.
And it is noticed that higher education is hastily growing increases twice or three times from averages of labour
apportunities in the economic sector, the matter that caused increase in the defect of human resources, disorder in
labour market and its vibration between increase and decrease in certain fields of specialization on the expense of
other specializations the thing that led to appearance of labour- seekers' problem from learned persons, and
employing higher qualifications in simple writing occupations, and fall of general production. And this demands
the necessity of education planning in accordance with the actual demands of the human powers (Adam,2006).
Saving higher education opportunities shares in founding an enlightened community, able to adapt with the
consecutive variables of labour demands, and the characteristics of the age, which continuously witness decay of
occupations and professions were prevailing for long periods, and other subjects that demand new skills and
qualifications. Therefore, harmony of preparing human resources for demands of labour market are considered
the main objective, which the higher education institutions oblige to seek achieving it, but achieving that depends
on the extent of those institutions capacity to save basic prologues represented in human resources and university
programs, instruments and techniques necessary to be used in the academic process to produce high quality
outputs, in harmony with the changing demands of the labour market (Wadee, & As- Same', 2004).
And with the increase of enlargement in establishing numerous of the higher education institutions, which save
many fields of specialization to cover the demands of the local labour market, but the most important more than
that is represented in the extent of achieving harmony between preparation of these institutions for their human
resources, and the demands of both private and public sectors (Iisan,2006). And also harmony in preparation of
human resources for labour market demands using new developed instructional policies performed on the
specialized preparation of human resources. And also demands finding methods and able innovative techniques to
provide students with what fits them of experiences enable them enter the labour market in the future with
effectivity and efficiency (Derricot & Cogan, 2012).
Thereupon, preparation of human resources in accordance with demands of labour became forming one of the
educational process necessities in different local or foreign universities. And numerous universities use plenty of
instruments and techniques, by which they can communicate with the labour market, and some of them can be
shown as follows ( The Arab Organization for Administrative Development, 2003).
• Holding periodical meetings covering representatives of the private sector and the institutions of higher
education, to get acquainted directly with the specifications of graduates in harmony with the demands
of labour market.

Vol.6, No.31, 2014
406
• The institutions of higher education follow up of the university graduates conditions from part of
occupations in which they settled, and the relationship of their specializations with their works and the
courses from which they got benefit, and those from which they did not in their works.
• Bids assistance by leaderships of both sectors, the public, and the private, that possess visions about
future demands of labour from part of specializations and their contents and the number of graduates in
them .
• Seeking assistance from leaderships and managers of private sector in the different academic activities,
such as regular teaching, delivering some lectures on students and participating in developing the
studying programs, and participating in supervising the scientific dissertations (master & Doctorate
Degrees and accomplishments of joint researches with the teaching staff members, done in the
universities.
• Supporting researches and studies concerned about preparations of human resources, in cooperation with
the institutions of higher education to attain plans and programs achieve harmony of preparation in the
private universities for the demands of labour market ( Teichler , 1999).
• Thereupon, the attempt of research and study in harmony of preparing the human resources in private
universities, with the demands of labour market is a research of very great importance, especially if we
acknowledged that whatever these institutions attempted with exerted care of their educational system
and developing it , that does not do without the necessity of doing researches and studies continuously to
attain a preparation characterized with high quality and effective harmony with the demands of labour
market. So, this study seeks to reconnoiter the degree of harmony in preparing human resources in
private universities for the demands of labour market.
Problem of study and its questions :
In the shadow of the great concern with preparing the national human resources, and due to growing of graduates
numbers from the universities, that may be accompanied by great challenges to find suitable and vacant
occupations to accommodate these graduates, meanwhile, there may be other vacant occupations available
without occupants, considered from suitable opportunities for the graduates, if they had the required skills and
qualifications . And supports this challenge, the limitedness of both private and public sectors for graduates, and
its concentration on specializations, skills , and certain capacities not concentrated upon at most, when preparing
for human resources in private universities, such as computer skills , foreign languages, skills of scientific and
analytical thinking, critical, innovative , and contact and communication skills.
That means the necessity of working to achieve harmony between preparing the human resources, and the
demands of labour market , learning on specified and clear objectives, policies and strategies, observe the
cognitive, technical, and quantity sides, and empower partnership with services and production sector.
And there exists a comprehensive umbrella for coordination and integration among institutinos of higher
education , approaching to find a scientific vision achieves harmony, and in light of previous considerations
comes this study to estimate the degree of harmony in preparing the human resources in private universities for
the demands of labour market in the Kingdom.
Questions of study:
The study attempted to answer the following questions:
• What is the degree of harmony in preparing the human resources for the demands of labour market from
the point of view of the academic leaders in the private universities ?
• What is the degree of harmony in preparing the human resources for the demands of labour market, from
the point of view of students in the private universities?
• What is the degree of harmony in preparing human resources for the demands of labour market, from the
point of view of labour market leaders at the different fields of labour?
Significance of Study :
The study acquired its significance from the significance of preparing the human resources in the private
universities and their harmony of demands of labour market: where the issue of preparing the national human
resources is considered one of the most important raised issues in the present time at both economic and social
levels in the Kingdom. This study came as an attempt of sharing with what are deduced of results and
recommendations in overcoming challenges of harmony in preparation in for the demands of labour market,
approaching to encompass challenges of harmony, and save the appropriate labour opportunities for the
increasing numbers of education outputs at their different technical and academic specializations , and
recognizing parts that need concentration to support merging the graduates in labour market. Thus comes this
study at the most significance for the Ministry of Higher Education, Higher Administrations in the Private

Vol.6, No.31, 2014
407
Universities , ministry of Labour, Employment offices, Institutions of Public & Private sectors , the concerned
people and researchers in the field of preparing human resources.
Objectives of Study :
Objectives of study are represented in the following :
• Estimation of the degree of harmony in preparing human resources in private universities for the
demands of labour market in the Kingdom, from the point of view of the academic leaders, students, and
leaders of labour market in the different fields of labour .
• Difference of the degree of harmony in preparing human resources for the demands of labour market
with the difference of the variable of occupational name (academic leaders, students, and labour market leaders)?
Procedural Definitions :
The study included numerous terms that can be procedurally defined as follows:
Harmony : agreement and disagreemt between preparation of human resources in private universities and
demands of labour market in the Kingdom.
Private universities :
Institutions of higher education are established in accordance with the law of Higher Education and Scientific
Research in the Kingdom, in condition that the degree granted by it is not less than the first University degree, or
the equivalent , and they are private universities possessed and conducted by non government authorities, and
supervised by the Ministry of Higher Education & Scientific Research in the Kingdom.
Labour Market: It is a group of the public and private associations that vary in the level of their human and
materialistic resources, and aim at producing goods and services for the community, governed and their affairs
are organized by a group of laws and legislations of labour issued by the Ministry of Manpower in the Kingdom.
Previous Studies :
After getting acquainted with the related literatures, researches and studies that discussed the relationship
between perpetrating human resources in the institutions of higher education, and demands of labour market ,
were shown and are represented in a group of local , Arab and worldly studies , concentrated in pin- pointing the
relationship between graduates of the higher education and the labour market.
Tread study (2001), she did a study about the extent of harmony of the higher education outputs from graduates
of the Palestinian Faculties of Economics and Administrative Sciences for labour market in the West Bank and
Gaza Strip, and thy depended on results of a questionnaire, distributed for (58) associations of the private sector,
associations in the West Bank and Gaza Strip. And from the most important results, deduced by the study were
that the efficiency of the Palestinian Graduates of Economics and Administrative Sciences were confined to the
behavioral sides, and lack to many efficiency standards in the academic sides and undividual skills. And the study
showed that graduates are ready to bid assistance from ancient employees experiences get intensified training
courses, the thing that reflects the extent of the gap between the appearance sides and the applied scientific sides
at them.
Also (Maurer – Fazio, 2002) Made a study entitled Role of Higher Education in specifying outputs of labour
market at the Chinese Labour Market. The study aimed at reconnoitering the role played by the chinese
Institutions of Higher Education in preparing human resources in china to enter the labour market, through
specifying the needs of the Chinese labour market. And the sample of study consisted of (118) Chinese
associations at Beking's territories, and Tangeeg, Wahen, Al Gan, Tyabin, and Shankig. And the study was
applied from Autumn 1990 to Spring of 2000, where a questionnaire was distributed among employees in these
associations to specify if chinese universities were able to be amiliar with the needs of the market and prepare
human resources due to that. And the study deduced that associations of higher education have a great importance
in preparing the human element to enter the labour market . And that the good preparation of the human element
is what qualifies him to promotions and the company's getting hold of him in the future. And the higher education
is the main restrictive of needs of labour market , and it is able to provide the labour market with the qualified
human resources with high efficiency .
And (Try& Grogaard ,2003) made a study entitled:
" Measurement of the Relationship Between Resources and Outputs of Higher Education in Norway". The sample
of study consisted of (1887) graduate students who finished the requirements of study and are preparing to enter
the labour market , where both researchers distributed on the sample of study to analyse the extent of harmony of
their specializations and operations of their preparation for the needs of labour market. And the study uncovered
the variation of techniques of preparation the human resources in the Norwegion universities to enter the labour
market . And using modern techniques is more effective in preparation than ancient techniques, for the modern
techniques include the actual meansuring operatinos for the needs of labour market, and training human resources

Vol.6, No.31, 2014
408
inside places of work and not at universities only. And the Norwegian labour market offers many opportunities
for labour, but it conditions the human element to be innovative and able to meet the demands of labour .
Also (Al-Jaafari & Lafi, 2000 prepared a study entitled " The Range of Harmony between the Palestinian Higher
Education Graduates and requirements of the Palestinian labour market". The study employed the technique of
quantity analysis, and (4)questionnaires deduced a group of results, the most important of which is that the
graduate's choice of his specialization does not depend on any premature planning, but it comes by aspiration or
by a personal sample, in addition to unavailability of enough and complete information about vacant occupations,
and the sectors that suffer from decrease in the trained and learned human frameworks. The study also showed
that the employed graduates are lack of numerous necessary skills for their merging in the local labour market.
And (Rosenbaum and Pierson, 2005 also did a study in the United States of America entitled " connections of
labour market amongst the faculties teaching staff members and their influence on students imaginations , their
efforts , and the range of their continuation in the Fauculty ". The sample of study consisted of (41) of the
teaching staff members, employed in (14) public faculties, runned in accordance with the two year system in
addition to (4400) students, where the two researchers asked them a group of questions about what they do to
connect between education and labour market and the reason of that. And the study had deduced that faculties
may assist the students through the instructional techniques to be familiar with the wished specialization in the
labour market . And it may also support bonds of communication between them and the labour market .
And both of ( Goldberg& Smith , 2007) prepared a study in the United States of America entitled " Effects of
Education on outputs of labour market " . and to achieve the objective of study Goldberg& Smith followed the
methodology of the qualitative research through analyzing the documents, for they both gather (6) studies done
on the subject and on analyzing the American theoretical literature in the same field. And after analyzing the
documents the study deduced a group of results state that American researches and studies about the subject, all
proved that education of specialty, which conforms with needs of the market is the one that provides the labour
market able human resources to deal with the market, and its new developments craftsmanly and professionally .
And the study deduced that every studying stage has an important role in the students professional decision
making and the quality of the professional with which he will prematurely joined, the thing that leaves positive
results on the final outputs for labour market. And the study indicated that there are indicative differences due to
the effect of studying years of school and university on labour market ascribed to the interest of the private
sector, which is considred the most efficient to study the needs andrequirements of the American labour market.
The Method & Procedures :
Community of Study :
The community of study consisted of the following classes :
1. The academic leaders in the private universities for the University year ( 2013/2014) and from the
different specializations, scientific and human amounting to (221) academic leaders.
2. The last year students in all specializations expected to graduate at the end of the second semester of the
University year ( 2013/2014) amounting to (2769) male & female students .
3. Leaders of labour market in different labour sectors in both public and private sectors, of those who are
allowed to direct supervision and evaluation of the employed graduates performance, and amounting to (
615) leaders.
Sample of study : a sample was chosen from the community of study by the class random method, where it
consisted of :
1. The academic leaders, amounted to (78) male and female leaders.
2. Students of private universities, expected to graduate in the university year ( 2013/2014), their number
amounted to ( 359) students, (206) male students and (153) students. Leaders of labour market in
different sectors, amounted to (103) leaders; (41) leaders in the public sector and (62) leaders in the
private sector.
Instrument of study :
To design the instrument of study, the researcher organized deepened meetings with academic leaders and
students, and some leaders of labour market to gather data. And used data to reach imaginations which reflect
meanings meant by the academic leaders and students, and leaders of labour market to the degree of harmonizing
preparation of human resources for the requirements of labour market. at private universities , and the connected
associations with labour market . Also assistance with the theoretical literature and previose studies were bid, to
get benefit of them in constructing the instrument of the present study .
Part one : Questionnaire of Academic leaders and students :
Questionnaire of academic leaders and students consisted of (71) paragraphs distributed on eight fields , they are :
• Field of objectives , policies and strategies and covers (11) paragraphs.

Vol.6, No.31, 2014
409
• Field of cognitive harmony for requirements of labour market : and covers (9) paragraphs.
• Field of technical harmony for requirements of labour market : and covers (7) paragraphs.
• Field of skillful harmony for requirements of labour market: and cover (7) paragraphs.
• Field of quantity harmony for requirements of labour market ; and covers (11) paragraphs.
• Field of partnership with sectors of services and production : and covers ( 10) paragraphs.
• Field of professional direction and requirements of labour market; and covers (8) paragraphs.
• Field of coordination and integration among associations of higher education: and covers ( 8) paragraphs
Part two: Questionnaire of Leaders of labour market
Questionnaire of Leaders of labour market consisted of (40) paragraphs, tackled the degree of preparing human
resources harmony in private Universities for the requirements of labour market , from the point of view of labour
market leaders at the different fields of labour .
Validity of Instrument:
To make sure of the study instrument validity it was shown to a committee of arbitrators with specialization, to
reconnoiter the extent of appropriateness to estimate the degree of preparing human resources harmony at the
higher education associations for the requirements of labour market. For they were asked to give their opinion in
the extent of paragraphs harmony with the field , underwhich they were enlisted , and the extent of technical and
linguistic correctness to paragraphs formation, omission or addition of any paragraph, or doing any necessary
amendments. For their opinions, notes and directions in amending some paragraphs were taken in consideration.
Reliability of Instrument:
To make sure of the reliability of instrument, the researcher counted the reliability co- efficient by applying it on
an exploratory sample, consisted of (42) academic leaders, students, and labour market leaders, twice from
outside the sample of study and with a time difference between the first application and the second application, its
duration is two hours, that is for counting the connection co –efficient among results of estimations of the
exploratory sample individuals in both applications. And Pierson's connection co- efficient was counted , where
values of connection co- efficients amounted between (0.81-0.93) for the fields , and ( 0.58) for the questionnaire
of academic leaders and students. And also the internal consistency co- efficient was counted by employing
Kron- Bach Alpha Formula, where values of connection co- efficients of labour market leaders questionnaire
amounted to (0.89) , and internal consistency co-efficient by employing KronBach Alpha (0.84), and the value of
internal consistency co-efficient of the whole instrument amounted to (0.89) , and the value of connection co-
efficient (0.87). And the table No.1 clears that.
Table No.1
Reliability co-efficient for the fields, and the whole instrument, counted by the method of Pierson's connection
co-efficient, and the method of internal consistency co-efficient by employing Kron-Bach Alpha Formula .
No. The Field Paragraphs
Number
Pierson's
connection co-
efficient
Internal
consistency co-
efficient
1 Skillful harmony for requirements
of labour market
11 0.93 0.89
2 Quantity harmony for
requirements of labour market
9 0.89 0.88
3. Partnership with services &
production sectors
7 0.82 0.79
4 Objectives, policies, and strategies 7 0.87 0.82
5 Cognitive harmony for
11 0.85 0.79
6 Professional direction and
10 0.86 0.84
7 Technical harmony for
8 0.81 0.81
8 Coordination & integration among
higher education associations
8 0.84 0.85
Part one: Questionnaire of
academic leaders and students
71 0.88 0.86
Part two: questionnaire of labour
market leaders
40 0.89 0.84
The whole questionnaire 111 0.89 0.87

Vol.6, No.31, 2014
410
Instrument Correction:
The following graduation had been employed to estimate the degree of harmonizing the preparation of human
resources in private universities for the requirements of labour market from the point of view of the academic
leaders , students and leaders of labour market at the different fields of labour:
From (1) to less than (2.79) few estimation of the degree of harmony between 2.50 to 3.49 medium estimation of
the harmony degree.
Between 3.50 to 5.00 great estimation of the harmony degree.
Results & Discussion:
This section included a show of the results deduced , and had been shown in a accordance with questions of the
study .
Firstly : results related with question one:
The first question worded : " What is the degree of harmony of human resources preparation for requirements of
labour market, from the point of view of the academic leaders at private universities?"
To answer this question, arithmetic means and standard deviations of the academic leaders estimations had been
counted on the fields of study and the whole instrument, where they were as illustrated in table (3).
Table NO.(3)
Arithmetic Means and standard deviations of the academic leaders, estimations on the fields of the human
resources preparation harmony degree in private universities for the requirements of labour market.
No. The Field Arithmetic
Mean*
Standard
Deviation
The Rank Degree of
Harmony
1 Objectives, policies &
Strategies`
3.83 0.54 Fourth Great
2 Cognitive harmony &
3.79 0.53 Fifth Great
3 Technical harmony &
3.70 0.81 Seventh Great
4 Skillful harmony &
4.07 0.74 First Great
5 Quantity harmony &
4.06 0.42 Second Great
6 Partnership with services &
production sectors
3.92 0.47 Third Great
7 Professional direction &
3.55requirements of labour
market
3.76 0.52 Sixth Great
8 Coordination & integration
among associations of higher
education
3.55 0.62 Eighth Great
The instrument as a whole 3.84 0.77 - Great
• Great degree from (5)
Table No. (3) Shows that field (4) " Field of skillful harmony for requirements of labour market" had occupied
the first possession at an arithmetic mean ( 4.07) and a standard deviation (0.74).
And the field (5th
) came " Field of quantity harmony for the requirements of labour market" in the second
position at an arithmetic mean (4.06) and a standard deviation (0.42) . But the eighth field " field of coordination
and integration among associations of higher education" had occupied the last position at an arithmetic mean (
3.55) and a standard deviation (0.62), and the arithmetic mean of the academic leaders estimation amounted to (
3.84) in the whole instrument , with astandard deviation (0.77) and it corresponds the estimation with a great
degree.
Results of this question showed that the field of skillful harmony for the requirements of labour market had
occupied the first position, from the point of view of the academic leaders in the higher education associations.
And this indicates to the significance of this field and the paragraphs enlisted under it. So, preparation of human
resources skillfully is a main demand to achieve harmony. And the researcher ascribes that the academic leaders
perceive the significance of saving an education that leans on practice and application through enabling students
to solve problems related to the field of specialization, and work to continuous development of performance, and
developing applied skills, such as the teamwork. The academic leaders also perceive the significance of

Vol.6, No.31, 2014
411
developing the personal characteristics, necessary for labour market, such as stirring incentiveness and the best
conduct of time and leadership, that is through saving the field training programs for students before graduation
to make their merging in labour market easy .
And the field of quantity harmony for requirements of labour market came in the second position .
And the research ascribes that to the academic leaders satisfaction with the necessity seeking to achieve quantity
harmony through universities work to mission excellent students to complete their post- graduate studies in
specializations needed by labour market, and doing periodical surveying operations for requirements of labour
market and studying the trends of its growth, due to quantity and quality and work to meet its demands, in
addition to consulting associations of public and private sector about their needs of new specializations, taking
into consideration the needs of labour market from part of graduates number developing the academic programs
in light of the needs of the community and requirements of labour market , rehabilitation of some graduates with
what conforms requirements of labour market inside the university , and accreditation of the regional and
international standards to design the academic programs and their outputs, through laying analytical periodical
studies for the needs of labour market at the local and regional level.
And the sphere of partnership with services and production sectors came at the third position. And that is ascribed
to concentration of faculties and universities to escort the scientific research for sectors of services and
production in the community.
Where universities and faculties adopt joint – schemes of work with the productive sectors to train students
during study, within the field application of programs for some instructional courses in them. Also universities
and faculties encourage sectors of services and production to get benefit from the scientific and technological
basis made available by universities, and lay it under the disposal of those sectors, from part of designing
programs with the strategic significance in development and progress by using methods, means and techniques
that support partnership with the different sectors of services & production, and raising applied training programs
for students is considered from requirements of graduation, the mater that increases the effectiveness of
partnership with it.
And the sphere of objectives, policies and strategies came in the fourth position, and the researcher ascribes that
to the fewness of the actual translation of these objectives policies and strategies through which harmony of
preparation can be achieved, that is through desire of the higher education associations on developing students
experiences to enable them enter labour market with high trust and competitive ability , and guiding new students
about labour market requirements after developing the educational programs. And for the sake of laying the
studied plans associations of higher education prepare the researches and studies that aim at uncovering the
needs of labour market and its requirements, strategies and organizing machineries aiming at supporting
cooperation with sectors of services and production.
And the sphere of cognitive harmony for requirements of labour market came in the fifth position, and the
researcher ascribes that to the desire of universities and faculties on preparing proficient graduates to
understanding, analysis, and deduction, and acquiring them the skills of writing scientific researches related to the
field of specialization , raise concepts and new ideas and looking up for the professional future amongst them for
the sake of achieving integration between the theoretical cognition and practical exercise and developing them
both through acquiring students the skill of preparing scientific researches related to the field of specialization
depending the initiative technique in raising new ideas and looking for their professional future, and providing
them continuously with the recent information related to their fields of specialization .
But the sphere of professional direction and requirements of labour market had occupied the sixth position, and
the researcher ascribes that to the attempt of universities to save services of direction and professional guidance at
the best from , aiming at escorting changes and developments in the labour market, through employing
techniques and appropriate methods of professional direction , and desire of its continuation through university
study stages, either before the choice of specialization to observe students inclinations and concerns, or after the
choice to achieve requirements of labourt market.
And the sphere of technical harmony for requirements of labour market came in the seventh position. And that
appears through universities and faculties encouragement of students on using communication technology with
all its forms, building students basic skills and developing them to escort the change and development of devices
and technical programs, such as enabling students to deal with the computer and applications connected with it in
the field of specialization.
But the sphere of coordination and integration among associations of higher education had occupied the last
position, and that may be ascribed to weakness of resources and possibilities integration with the other
associations of higher education, and commitment of universities and faculties with concern about issues and
spheres connected with economic and social development, and not confining it on the labour market only. And

Vol.6, No.31, 2014
412
also weakness of planning, organization , and financing exchange of students and teaching staff members among
associations of higher education, and non- existence of consultant councils including businessmen and
academicians from different associations of higher education, and in adoption of mutual education of projects
with educational institutions , local, regional and worldly shared in retreat of coordination and integration levels
among them.
And the arithmetic means and standard deviations of academic leader estimations had been counted on
paragraphs of spheres of the degree of harmony in preparing the human resources in private universities for the
requirements of labour market, where they were as follows:
a. The first sphere: sphere of objectives, policies and strategies :
The arithmetic means and standard deviations of academic leaders estimations where on the paragraphs of this
sphere , as it is clarified in table No. (4).
Table No. (4)
Arithmetic means and standard deviations of academic leaders estimations were on the paragraphs of objectives,
policies and strategies , descendedly organized.
No. Paragraph Wording Arithmetic
mean
Standard
Deviation
Rank
6 Univ. desires to develop experience to
enter labour market
4.39 0.74 First
12 Univ. lays strategies to develop
experience related to labour
4.23 0.91 Second
16 Univ. desires to guide students about
labour market requirements
4.20 0.90 Third
25 Univ. concerns about developing
university programs to fit labour
market
3.97 1.18 Fourth
29 Univ. adopts strategic planning to
draw occupation of future .
3.93 0.90 Fifth
32 Univ.takes services & production
sectors partners in drawing plans
educational & training policies
3.85 1.23 Sixth
39 Univ. objectives are in harmony with
trends of labour market .
3.82 1.25 Seventh
45 Univ. objectives concentrate on
connecting univ. educ. Programs with
L. market requirements.
3.74 1.27 Eighth
56 Univ. encourages researches &
studies aiming at uncovering needs or
labour market & demands.
3.55 1.29 Ninth
69 Univ. adopts strategies & organizing
machineries to support cooperation
among sectors of services &
production
3.21 1.60 Tenth
70 Univ. desires to build students
academic, social & psychological
personality
3.19 1.73 Eleventh
The sphere as a whole 3.83 0.54 -
* The great degree from (5)
Table No.(4) clears that paragraph No.(6) that worded ' the university desires to develop students experiences to
enable them enter labour market in high trust and a competitive ability". had occupied the first position at an
arithmetic mean ( 4.39), and this reflects a very great degree of agreement and unanimousity of individuals of
the sample of study on that, and a standard deviation (0.74), meanwhile paragraph No. (70), which worded ' the
university desires to build students' academic, social and psychological personality " occupied the last position at
an arithmetic mean (3.19), and this reflects a medium degree of agreement, and a standard de4viation (1.73), and
the arithmetic mean of the academic leaders estimations amounted to (3.83) at this sphere as whole. And a
standard deviation (0.54), and it corresponds the estimation at a great degree .

Vol.6, No.31, 2014
413
b. The second sphere : sphere of cognitive harmony for the requirements of labour market.
The arithmetic means and standard deviations of the academic leaders estimations on paragraphs of this sphere,
as they are illustrated in table (5)
Table No. (5)
Arithmetic means and standard deviations for the estimations of the academic leaders on the paragraphs of the
sphere of cognitive harmony for the requirements of labour market descendedly organized.
No. The Paragraph Wording Arithmetic Mean Standard
Deviation
Position
1 Univ. desires to prepare st. able to
understand , analyse and deduce
4.50 0.88 First
35 Univ.consolidates the principle of
continuous learning in students
souls
3.83 1.14 Second
38 Univ. works to achieve integration
between the theoretical cognition
and practical exercise & develop
them both
3.82 1.23 Third
41 Univ.desires to develop
communication skills necessary for
labour
3.80 1.15 Fourth
43 Univ. desires to students'
personality able to adapt with labour
market requirements
3.76 1.25 Fifth
48 Univ. concentrates on acquiring
students suitable cognition for
labour market
3.71 1.25 Sixth
50 Univ. assures the necessity of
acquiring students skill of making
scientific researches related to
specialization
3.69 1.15 Seventh
60 Univ. works to employ the initiative
technique in raising new ideas and
looking up to professional future
students .
3.51 1.51 Eighth
61 Univ. desires to provide students
with recent information
3.47 1.49 Ninth
The sphere as a whole 3.79 0.53 -
• The great degree from (5)
Table No. (5) shows that paragraph No. (1) , worded " the university desires to prepare the student, able to
understand, analyze and deduc had occupied the first position at an arithmetic mean ( 4.50) and a standard
deviation ( 0.88) , meanwhile the paragraph No. ( 61) that worded " the university desires to provide students
with the recent information related to their specializations" at a continuous form had occupied the last position at
an arithmetic mean ( 3.47) and the arithmetic mean of the academic leaders estimation amounted to (3.79) on this
sphere, and a standard deviation (0.53) and it corresponds the estimation at a great degree.
c. The third sphere : sphere of technical harmony for labour market requirements :
The arithmetic means and standard deviations of the academic leaders estimations on the paragraphs of this
sphere , as it is illustrated in the table NO.(6)

Vol.6, No.31, 2014
414
Table No.(6)
No. The paragraph wording Arithmetic mean Standard
deviation
Position
23 Univ. encourages students to
employ communication technology
at all its forms.
4.02 0.99 First
27 Univ. desires to build students
basic skills and develop them
3.93 1.20 Second
47 Univ. works to escort change and
development of devices and
technical programs.
3.73 1.34 Third
52 Information nd modern
communications e.g. ( Internet and
e- mail and information data
Univ. desires to enable students to
deal with the computer .
3.67 1.26 Fourth
54 And amplications related to
specialization
3.66 1.31 Fifth
58 Univ. submit applied programs
meet demands of technical
development an labour market
3.52 1.33 Sixth
63 Improve the quality of the
educational operation and promote
with quality of graudates in light
of international standards for
academic accreditation.
3.39 1.27 Seventh
The sphere as a whole 3.70 0.81
Table No. (6) shows that the paragraph No. (23) that worded " the university encourages students to employ
communication technology with all its forms " had occupied the first postion at an arithmetic mean ( 4.02) and a
standard deviation ( 0.99) , meanwhile the paragraph No. ( 63) , that worded "the university accredits the
technical development to improve the educational operation quality and promote graduates in light of the
international standards for the academic accorditation occupied the last position at an arithmetic mean (3.39)and a
standard deviation ( 1.27). And the arithmetic mean of the academic leaders estimations on this sphere as a whole
amounted to ( 3.70) and a standard deviation (0.81) and it corresponds the estimation a t a great degree.
d. The fourth sphere : sphere of skillful harmony for labour market requirements :
The arithmetic means and standard deviations of the academic leaders' estimations on the paragraph of this sphere
were as they are illustrated in table No. (7).
Table No. (7)
The arithmetic means and standard deviations for the academic leaders estimations on the paragraphs of the
sphere of skillful harmony for the labour market requirements descendedly organized .
No. The paragraph wording Arithmetic
mean
Standard deviation Position
8 Univ. saves education for students
concentrates on practice and
application
4.29 0.84 First
10 Univ. develops students ability to
solve problems related to the field
of specialization .
4.25 1.11 Second
13 Univ. concentrates on developing
applied skills such as team work
and problems solving
4.20 1.11 Third
15 Univ. encourages developing
innovative thinking in the field of
specialization
4.20 1.10 Fourth
20 Univ. concerns about developing 4.10 1.18 Fifth

Vol.6, No.31, 2014
415
studnets ability in continuous
development of estimations in the
field of spcialization univ. desires
to develop necessary personal
traits for labour market
21 e.g. stirring motivation , time
conducting and leaders hip and
else
4.07 1.27 Sixth
64 univ. saves field training
programs for students before
graduation to make their merging
in labour market easy.
3.36 1.66 Seventh
Table No. (7) clears that paragraph No. (8) that words " the university saves education for students concentrates
on practice and application had occupied the first position at an arithmetic means (4.29) and a standard deviation
(0.84) , mean while paragraph No. (64), that worded " the university saves the field training programs for students
before graduation to make their merging in labour market easy " occupied the last position at an arithmetic mean
(3.36) and a standard deviation (1.66) , and the arithmetic mean of the academic leaders estimations amounted to
( 4.07) on this sphere as a whole and a standard deviation (0.74) , and it is correspondent to the estimation at a
great degree.
e. The fifth sphere : sphere of quantity harmony for labour market requirements:
The arithmetic means and the standard deviations of the academic leaders estimations were the paragraphs of this
sphere as it is illustrated in table No. (8).
Table No. (8)
The arithmetic means and standard deviations of the academic leaders estimations on the paragraphs of sphere of
quantity harmony for labour market requirements descendedly organized.
Mean
Standard
deviation
Position
2 Univ. missions excellent students for higher
studies in specialzations needed by labour
market.
4.45 0.81 First
3 Univ. depends on periodical surveying of
labour market requirements & studies trends of
its quantitative & qualitative growth.
4.43 0.86 Second
4 Univ. consults associations of public & private
sector about their needs of new
specializations.
4.39 0.77 Third
7 The univ. takes into consideration the needs of
labour market from part of the number of
graduates .
4.38 0.84 Fourth
9 The univ. adopts the strategy of field visits to
places of work permanently to recognize
reality.
4.29 0.87 Fifth
17 The univ. depends raising new academic
programs meet requirements of labour market.
4.18 1.17 Sixth
26 The univ. follows graduates conditions in
labour market to get feedback to develop
academic programs.
3.95 1.16 Seventh
31 Univ. develops academic programs in light of
community needs and labour market
requirements.
3.85 1.23 Eighth
44 Univ. accredits international & regional
standards to design the academic programs &
its outputs.
3.74 1.27 Ninth
55 Univ. adopts rehabilitation of some graduates 3.55 1.29 Tenth

Vol.6, No.31, 2014
416
with what agrees requirements of labour
market.
62 Univ. does analytical periodical studies of the
labour market needs at the regional & local
level.
3.44 1.47 Eleventh
The great degree from (5)
Table No. (8) shows that paragraph No. (2), that words " the university missions excellent students to complete
their higher studies in specializations needed by labour market", occupied the first position at an arithmetic mean
(4.45) and a standard deviation ( 0.81), meanwhile paragraph no. (62), that worded " the university does
analytical periodical studies for the needs of labour market at the regional & local level ", occupied the last
position at an arithmetic mean ( 3.44) and a standard deviation (1.47). And the arithmetic mean of the academic
leaders estimations amounted to ( 4.06) on this sphere as a whole and a standard deviation ( 0.42) , and it is
correspondent to the estimation at a great degree.
f. The sixth sphere : sphere of partnership with sectors of services and production :
The arithmetic means and standard deviations of the academic leaders estimation were on paragraphs of this
sphere as it is illustrated in table No. (9).
Table No.(9)
The arithmetic means and standard deviations of the academic leaders estimations on paragraphs of the sphere of
partnership with sectors of services and production descendedly organized.
Mean
Standard
deviation
Position
5 The univ. concentrates on escorting
scientific research in it for sectors of
production & services in the community .
4.39 0.74 First
11 The univ. adopts a mutual scheme of work
with productive sectors to train students
during study.
4.23 0.91 Second
14 The univ. encourages sectors of production
& services to benefit from the technological
& scientific basis in the university.
4.20 0.90 Third
24 The univ. connects sectors of production &
services in designing programs with
strategic significance in development &
progress.
3.97 1.18 Fourth
28 The univ. enlarges in forms of openness,
contacts & communication with sectors of
production & services .
3.93 0.90 Fifth
30 The univ. depends practical techniques on
purpose of recognizing changes &
developments in service & production
sector.
3.86 1.26 Sixth
33 The univ. participates with the service &
productive associations in establishing &
financing mutual research centers .
3.84 1.31 Seventh
37 The univ. grows methods techniques and
means to support partnership with sector of
production & services .
3.82 1.25 Eighth
42 The univ. allows services & production
sectors raise applied & training programs
for students , counted from graduation
requirements .
3.76 1.25 Ninth
68 The univ. is distinguished with initiative in
raising new ideas increases effectivity of
partnership.
3.21 1.60 Tenth

Vol.6, No.31, 2014
417
Table No. (9) pin – points that paragraph No. (5), that worded " the university concentrates on escorting scientific
research in it for sectors of services & production in the community " had occupied the first position at an
arithmetic mean ( 4.39) and a standard deviation (0.74), meanwhile paragraph No. (68) occupied the last position,
and worded " the university is distinguished with initiative in raising new ideas, increase the effectiveness of
partnership, at an arithmetic mean (3.21). and a standard deviation (1-60). And the arithmetic of the academic
leaders estimations amounted to ( 3.92) on this sphere as a whole , and standard deviation ( 0.47) , and it
corresponds the estimation at a great degree.
g. The seventh sphere: sphere of professional direction and requirement of labour market.
The arithmetic means and standard deviations of the academic leaders estimations were on the paragraphs of this
sphere as it is illustrated in table (10).
Table No. (10)
The arithmetic means and standard deviations of the academic leaders estimations on paragraphs of the
professional direction sphere and requirements of labour market descendedly organized .
Mean
Standard
deviation
Position
18 The UNIV> ACHIEVES the community
partnership in saving services of
professional direction & guidance.
4.16 0.89 First
19 Programs of professional direction &
developments in the labour market.
4.15 1.31 Second
34 The univ. varies in methods & techniques
through which saves the services of
professional guidance.
3.83 1.14 Third
36 The univ. is commitied to lay special
systems of supporting professional
direction & guidance.
3.82 1.23 Fourth
40 The univ. saves guiding information for
students & individuals of the local
community about allowed opportunities in
labour market.
3.80 1.15 Fifth
49 The univ. desires of continuation of
professional direction & guidance through
stages of university study.
3.69 1.15 Sixth
53 Professional direction & guidance in the
university achieve trancparency &
guarantee of equal opportunities to all
students
3.66 1.31 Seventh
71 The univ. at balance of choosing
specializations between students
inclinations, concerns and labour market
requirements.
2.98 1.76 Eighth
Table No. (10) shows that paragraph No. (18) , that worded " the university achieves the community partnership
in saving services of professional direction & guidance" had occupied the first position at an arithmetic mean
(4.16) and a standard deviation (0.89), meanwhile the paragraph No. (71), that worded " the university balances
at choosing specializations between students' inclinations, concerns and requirements of labour market" occupied
last position at an arithmetic mean (2.98) and a standard deviation ( 1.76) , and the arithmetic mean of the
academic leaders' estimations amounted to ( 3.76) on the spheres as a whole and a standard deviation (0.52) and it
corresponds the estimation at a great degree.
h. The eight sphere: sphere of coordination & integration among association of higher education:
The arithmetic means and standard deviations of the academic leaders' estimations on paragraphs of this sphere as
it is illustrated in table No. (11).

Vol.6, No.31, 2014
418
The arithmetic means and standard deviations of the academic leaders' estimations on paragraphs of sphere of
coordination and integration among associations of higher education descendedly organized.
Mean
Standard
deviation
Position
22 The univ. seeks integration of resources &
possibilities with other associations of
higher education
4.02 0.94 First
46 The univ is commited to lay mutual general
frames concern with studying issues &
spheres connected with economic & social
development .
3.74 1.34 Second
51 The univ. desires to continuous
communication with associations of higher
education .
3.67 1.26 Third
57 The univ. works to exchange experience
with other associations of higher education.
3.52 1.33 Fourth
59 Institution of higher education cooperate in
mutual academic programs, achieve the
principle of integration in specializations .
3.50 1.49 Fifth
65 Institutions of higher eduction desire to
plan, organize and finance students and
teaching staff members exchange are
available.
3.35 1.58 Sixth
66 In the univ. consultant councils include
businessmen and academicians from
different institutions of higher education.
3.34 1.49 Seventh
67 The univ. adopts mutual educational
projects with educational associations,
local, regional and worldly.
3.22 1.62 Eighth
*The great degree from (5)
Table No. (11) shows that paragraph No. (22), that worded " the university seeks integration of resources &
possibilities with other institutions of higher education " had occupied the first position at an arithmetic mean
(4.02) and a standard deviation (0.94), meanwhile paragraph No. (67), that worded " the university adopts mutual
educational projects with educational institutions , local , regional, and worldly" occupied the last position at an
arithmetic mean (3.22) and a standard deviation (1.62), and the arithmetic mean of the academic leaders
estimations on this sphere as a whole amounted to (3.55) and a standard deviation (0.62), and it corresponds the
estimation at a great degree .
Secondly : Results related to the second question :
The second question worded : "What is the degree of preparing the human resources harmony for the
requirements of labour market, from the point of view of students in private universities?"
To answer this question, the arithmetic means and standard deviations of students' estimations on spheres of
study, where as they are illustrated in table (12).

Vol.6, No.31, 2014
419
Table No. (12)
The arithmetic means and standard deviations of students estimations on spheres of harmony degree in preparing
human resources in private universities for labour market requirements descendedly organized.
No. Sphere Arithmetic
Mean
Standard
deviation
Position Harmony
Degree
4 Skilful harmony for labour
market requirements
3.49 0.80 First Medium
1 Objectives, policies, and
strategies
3.27 0.41 Second Medium
7 Professional direction & labour
market requirements
3.24 0.48 Third Medium
5 Quantity harmony of labour
market requirements.
3.18 0.71 Fourth Medium
6 Partnership with sectors of
services & production
3.07 0.58 Fifth Medium
3 Technical harmony of labour
market requirements
3.03 0.86 Sixth Medium
2 Cognitive harmony of labour
market requirements
2.92 0.52 Seventh Medium
8 Coordination & integration
among institutions of higher
education
2.87 0.56 Eighth Medium
The instrument as a whole 3.13 0.37 Medium
Table No. (12) shows that sphere four is " Sphere of skillful harmony for labour market requirements " had
occupied the first position at an arithmetic mean ( 3.49) and a standard deviation ( 0.80) . And sphere one came "
sphere of objectives, policies , and strategies " in the second positon at an arithmetic ( 3.27) and a standard
deviation ( 0.41) . But sphere eight " sphere of coordination and integration among institutions of higher
education " had occupied the last position at an arithmetic mean ( 2.87) and a standard deviation (0.56), and the
arithmetic mean of students estimations on the whole instrument amounted to ( 3.13) with a standard deviation
(0.37) and it is correspondent to the estimation at a medium degree.
Results of this question showed that sphere of skillful harmony for labour market requirements had occupied the
first position , and the cause of that may refer to the concern of colleges and universities with the development of
students abilities on the continuous development of performance in the field of specialization from their point of
view, and their concern with developing the skill of innovative thinking amongst them, in addition to developing
the personal characteristics necessary for labour market, such as stirring motivation, best time- conducting and
leadership and else. Moreover, students believe that universities save an education concentration on practice and
application, problems- solving related to field of specialization, and developing the applied skills like team –
work.
And the sphere of objectives, policies, and strategies came the second position, where students hope universities
and colleges to encourage researches and studies that aim at uncovering the needs of labour market and its
requirements, and work to guide how students about requirements of labour market, and participation of services
and production sectors in laying plans and educational and training policies.
But the sphere of professional direction and requirements of labour market had occupied the third position. And
this refers techniques and strategies of professional direction and guidance through stages of university studying,
and created a type of balance between inclinations and concerns of students and requirements of labour market.
And the sphere of quantity harmony for labour market requirements came in the fourth position, from the point of
view of students, where universities and colleges evaluate conditions of graduates in labour market to get the
feedback, to develop the academic programs, where they adopt the strategies of field visits to places of work at a
permanent form to be familiar with the reality of labour market, and mission excellent students to complete their
higher studies in specializations needed by labour market . And also universities and colleges do the periodical
surveys for the requirements of labour market , and study the trends of its growth quantitatively and qualitatively.
And the sphere of partnership with sectors of services and production came in the fifth position, and that may be
ascribed to attempts of universities and colleges to escort the scientific research in sectors of services and

Vol.6, No.31, 2014
420
production in the community and getting acquainted with changes and developments in them, and raising applied
and training programs for students, counted from requirements of graduation.
And the sphere of technical harmony for labour market came in the sixth position, for universities and colleges
desire to build the basic skills of students develop them through using communication technology with all its
forms and enabling students to be able use information technology and modern communications, such as (
internet, e- mail and bases of electronic information ).
And the sphere of cognitive harmony for labour market came in the seventh position, and that can be ascribed to
attempts of universities and colleges to develop the necessary communication skills for work through building the
students' personality, able to adapt with requirements of labour market, and take with the initiative technique in
raising new ideas, and looking up the professional future of them.
But the sphere of coordination and integration among associations of higher eduction had occupied the last
position, and the cause of that may refer to fewness of mutural educational projects with educational
associations, local, regional, and worldly, students get benefit from them, and weakness of planning ,
organization and financing the students and the teaching staff members exchange among associations of higher
education .
And the arithmetic means and standard deviations for student estimations on paragrahs of spheres of the harmony
degree of human resources preparation in private universities for the labour market requirements, for they were as
follows :
a. The first sphere: sphere of objectives, policies, and strategies:
The arithmetic means and standard deviations of students estimations on paragraphs of this sphere, were as they
are illustrated in table No. (13).
Table No. (13)
No. The paragraph wording Arithmetic Mean Standard deviation Position
2 Univ. encourages researches & studies aiming at
uncovering labour market requirements & needs
4.05 0.88 First
4 Univ. adopts strategies & organizing machineries
aiming at supporting cooperation among sectors of
services & production .
3.86 0.67 Second
11 Univ. desires to guide new students about
requirements & labour market.
3.61 0.86 Third
14 Univ. partner sectors of production & services in
laying plans and training & educational policies.
3.57 1.05 Fourth
20 The univ. lays strategies to grow experiences related
with labour market at variant stands.
3.48 1.09 Fifth
25 The Univ. desires to build students personality,
academic , social and psychological.
3.41 0.98 Sixth
29 The Univ adopts the strategic planning to draw
occupational future with what conforms labour market
requirements.
3.35 1.17 Seventh
37 The Univ. desires to grow students experiences to
enable them enter labour market with high trust and
competitive ability
3.33 1.08 Eighth
40 The univ. gives great significance to development
univ. education programs with what fits changing
labour market requirements .
3.21 1.28 Ninth
62 Univ. objectives concentration connecting univ.
education programs with labour market requirements.
2.52 1.42 Tenth
71 Univ. objectives harmonize with labour market trends
.
1.63 1.26 Eleventh
Table No. (13) shows that paragraph No. (2) that worded " the university encourages researches & studies that
aim at uncovering needs of labour market and its requirements " had occupied the first position at an arithmetic
mean ( 4.05) and standard deviation (0.88) , meanwhile paragraph No. (71), that worded " university objectives
are in harmony with trends of labour market "

Vol.6, No.31, 2014
421
Occupied the last position at an arithmetic mean ( 1.63) and a standard deviation (1.26), and the arithmetic mean
of students estimations on this sphere as a whole amounted to (3.27) and a standard deviation (0.41), and it
corresponds the estimation at a medium degree.
B. The second sphere: sphere of cognitive harmony for labour market requirements .
The arithmetic means and standard deviations for students estimations on paragrahs of this sphere were as they
are illustrated in table No.(41).
Table No. (14)
The arithmetic means and standard deviations for students estimations on paragraphs of sphere of cognitive
harmony for labour market descendedly organized .
Mean
Standard
deviation
Position
9 The univ. desires to grow communication
skills necessary for work.
3.63 0.80 First
31 The univ. desires to build the able students
personality on adapting with labour market
requirements .
3.34 1.17 Second
34 The univ . desires to provide students with
recent in formation related with their
specializations. Continuously.
3.34 1.18 Third
38 The univ. concerntrates on acquiring
students with appropriate cognition for
labour market requirements .
3.29 1.09 Fourth
53 The university consolidates the principle of
continuous learning in students souls
2.77 1.35 Fifth
57 The univ. works to achieve integration
between theoretical cognition and practical
exercise and developing them both
2.67 1.33 Sixth
59 The univ. works on taking with initiative
technique in raising new ideas and looking
up to professional future amongst students
.
2.64 1.25 Seventh
66 The univ. desires to prepare the student
able to understand, analyse and deduce .
2.38 1.29 Eighth
69 The univ. assures on students acquiring
skills of doing scientific researches related
to field of specialization.
2.22 1.48 Ninth
Table No. (14) shows that paragraph no. (9) that worded " The university desires to grow communication skills
necessary for work " had occupied the first position at an arithmetic mean (3.63) and a standard deviation (0.80),
meanwhile the paragraph no. (69), that worded " the university assures the necessity of students' acquiring the
skill of doing scientific researches related with the field of specialization" occupied the last position at an
arithmetic mean (2.22) and a standard deviation (0.52), and the arithmetic mean for students estimations on this
sphere as a whole amounted to (2.92) and a standard deviation (0.52) , and it corresponds the estimation at a
medium degree.
b. The third sphere : sphere of technical harmony for labour market requirements .
The arithmetic means and standard deviations for students estimations on paragraphs of this sphere were as they
are illustrated in table No. (15)

Vol.6, No.31, 2014
422
Table No. (15)
The arithmetic means and standard deviations for students estimations on paragraphs of the sphere of technical
harmony for labour market requirements descendedly organized .
Mean
Standard
deviation
Position
17 The university desires to build students
basic skill and develop them .
3.51 1.00 First
22 The university works to change, and
development of devices and technical
programs
3.47 1.33 Second
43 The University encourages students to use
communication technology with all its
forms.
3.11 1.22 Third
47 Univ. desires students to possess ability to
use the modern technical information &
communictions , such as ( internet , e-
mail & bases of information .
2.97 1.53 Fourth
50 Univ. submits applied programs meet
requirements, of technical development in
labour market
2.88 1.45 Fifth
54 Univ. accredits technical development to
improve quality of educational operation &
promoting quality of graduates in light of
international standards for academic
accreditation .
2.76 1.17 Sixth
63 The univ. desires to enable students deal
with computer & related applications in
field of specialization
2.50 1.30 Seventh
Table No. (15) shows that paragraph No.(17), that worded " the university desires to build students' basic skills
and develop them' had occupied the first position at an arithmetic mean ( 3.51) and standard deviation (1.00),
meanwhile paragraph No. (63), that worded " the university desires to enable students deal with the computer and
related applications in the field of specialization, occupied the last position, at an arithmetic mean (2.50) and a
standard deviation (1.30), and the arithmetic mean of students estimations on this sphere as a whole amounted to
(3.03) and a standard deviation (0.86), and it corresponds the estimation at a medium degree .
d. The fourth sphere : sphere of skillful harmony for labour market requirements:
The arithmetic means and standard deviations of students estimations on paragraphs of this sphere, were as they
are illustrated in table No. (16).
Table No. (16)
The arithmetic means and standard deviations of students estimation on paragraphs of the skillful harmony
sphere for labour market requirements descendedly organized.
Mean
Standard
deviation
Position
5 The univ. concerns with the students ability
on continuous development of estimations
in the field of specialization
3.83 0.95 First
7 The univ. encourages growing the skill of
specialization
3.74 0.90 Second
15 Univ & colleges desire to grow personal
characteristics necessary for labour market
, such as motivation best conduct of time
and leadership & else.
3.55 1.16 Third
16 The univ. saves field training programs for 3.53 1.16 Fourth

Vol.6, No.31, 2014
423
students before graduation to make their
merging in labour market easy.
18 Univ. saves education for students
concentrates on practice and application .
3.48 1.21 Fifth
27 Univ. grows students ability on problems –
solving related to field of specialization .
3.36 1.11 Sixth
48 Univ. concentrates on growing applied
skills like team work & problems – solving
.
2.92 1.28 Seventh
Table (16) shows that paragraph No. (5), that worded " the university concerns about growing students ability
on continuous development for estimation in the field of specialization " had occupied the first position at an
arithmetic mean (3.83) and a standard deviation (0.95) , mean while paragraph No. (48), that worded " the
university concentrates on growing the applied skills, like the teamwork and problems – solution" , occupied the
last position at an arithmetic mean ( 2.92) and a standard deviation ( 1.28), and the arithmetic mean of students
estimations on this sphere as a whole amounted to (3.49) and a standard deviation (0.80), and it corresponds the
estimation at a medium degree.
e. The fifth sphere: sphere of quantity harmony for labour market requirements:
The arithmetic means and standard deviations of students estimations of paragraphs of this sphere, were as they
Table No. (17)
The arithmetic means and standard deviation of students ' estimations on paragraphs of the quantity harmony
sphere for labour market descendedly organized .
No. The paragraph wording Arithmetic Mean Standard
deviation
Position
6 Univ. follow up graduates conditions in labour
market to get feed back to develop academic
programs.
3.75 0.94 First
21 Univ. adopts the strategy of field visits to places
of work permanently to recognize reality
3.47 1.29 Second
26 Univ. accredits raising academic programs meet
labour market requirements.
3.41 1.24 Third
32 Univ. works to misioin excellent students to
complete their higher studies in specializations
needed by labour market.
3.34 1.09 Fourth
35 Univ. develops academic programs in light of
community needs and labour market
requirements.
3.34 1.15 Fifth
41 Univ. accredits international & regional
standards to design the academic programs and
their outputs
3.19 1.24 Sixth
42 Univ. does analytical periodical studies for
labour market at the local & regional level.
3.14 1.17 Seventh
44 Univ. takes into consideration the labour market
meeds from part of the number of graduates.
3.09 1.32 Eighth
45 Univ. adopts rehabilitation of some graduates
with what conforms with requirements of labour
market.
3.04 1.29 Ninth
49 Univ. consults associations of public & private
sector about its needs of new specializations.
2.89 1.53 Tenth
67 Univ. accredits periodical survey for labour
market requirements and studies trends of its
growth quantitively and qualitatively
2.38 1.49 Eleventh

Vol.6, No.31, 2014
424
Table No. (18) shows that paragraph No. (6), that worded " the university follows up graduates" conditions at
labour market to get feedback to develop the academic programs' had occupied the first position at an arithmetic
mean (3.75) and a standard deviation (0.94), meanwhile paragraph No. (67) that worded " the university accredits
the periodical survey for labour market requirements and studies trends of its growth quantitatively &
qualitatively" occupied the last position at an arithmetic mean (2.38) and a standard deviation ( 0.71) , and it
corresponds . the estimation at a medium degree.
f. The sixth sphere : sphere of partnership with sectors of services and production
The arithmetic means and standard deviations for students estimations on paragraphs of this sphere. Were as they
Mean
Standard
deviation
Position
1 Univ. depends practical techniques aiming
at recognizing changes & developments in
sectors of services & production
4.05 1.00 First
12 univ. concentrates on escorting scientific
research in it for sectors of services and
production in the community .
3.59 1.27 Second
13 Univ. allows sector of services &
production raise applied and training
programs for students counted graduation
requirements.
3.57 1.05 Third
23 Univ. participates service & productive
associations in establishing & financing
mutual research centers.
3.43 1.35 Fourth
46 Univ. partners sectors of services &
production in designing programs with
strategic significance in development &
progress .
2.98 1.40 Fifth
51 Univ. is distinguished with initiation in
raisning new ideas increases effectiveness
of partnership .
2.80 1.39 Sixth
55 Univ. encourages sectors of services &
production to benefit from the
teachnological & scientific basis in the
university
2.73 1.37 Seventh
60 Univ. grows methods, means, & techniques
that support partnership with sector of
2.62 1.30 Eighth
61 Univ. enlarges in forms of openness,
contact & communication with sectors of
services & production.
2.52 1.42 Ninth
64 Univ. adopts a mutual scheme with
productive sector to train students during
studying.
2.47 1.26 Tenth
Table No. (18) shows that paragraph No. (1). That worded " the university depends practical techniques aiming
at recognizing the changes and developments in the sector of services and production " had occupied the first
position at an arithmetic mean (4.05) and a standard deviatin (1.00) meanwhile paragraph No. (64) that worded "
the university adopts a mutual scheme with the productive sectors to train students during study" the last positon
at an arithmetic mean. (2.47) and a standard deviation (1.26) , and the arithmetic mean of students' estimations on
this sphere as a whole (3.07) and a standard deviation (0.58), and it corresponds the estimation at a medium
degree.
g. The seventh sphere : sphere of professional direction and labour market requirements.

Vol.6, No.31, 2014
425
The arithmetic means and standard deviations of students' estimations on paragraphs of this sphere were as they
Table No. (19)
The arithmetic means and standard deviations of students estimation on paragraphs of professional direction
sphere and labour market requirements descendedly organized.
Mean
Standard
deviation
Position
3 Univ. varies in techniques & methods
through which saves services of
professional direction .
3.86 0.67 First
10 Univ. desires to continuation of
professional direction and guidance through
stages of university study.
3.61 0.86 Second
19 The university achieves the community
partnership in saving services of
professional direction & guidance.
3.48 1.09 Third
34 Professional programs of direction &
guidance escort in the university changes &
developments in labour market professional
direction of guidance in the university
archieve
3.41 0.98 Fourth
28 trancparency & guarantee of equivalent
opportunities univ. balances between
students inclinations & concerns.
3.35 1.17 Fifth
36 Labour market requirements when
choosing specializations
3.33 1.08 Sixth
39 Univ. saves directional informaction for
students & individuals of local community
about available opportunities in labour
market .
3.21 1.28 Seventh
70 Univ . is committed to lay systems concern
supporting professional direction &
guidance.
1.63 1.26 Eighth
Table No. (19) shows that paragraph No. (3) that worded " the university varies in techniques and methods
through which saves professional direction " had occupied the first position at an arithmetic mean (3.86)
And a standard deviation (0.67) meanwhile paragraph No. (70), that worded " the university is committed to lay
system concern supporting professional direction &guidance " occupied the last position at an arithmetic mean (
1.63) and a standard deviation (1.26), and the arithmetic mean for students' estimations on this sphere as a whole
had amounted to ( 3.24) and a standard deviation ( 0.48), and it corresponds the estimation at a medium degree .
h. The eighth sphere: sphere of coordination & integration among association of higher education :
the arithmetic means and standard deviations for students estimations on paragraphs of this sphere were as they
Table No. (20)
Table No. (20)
The arithmetic means and standard deviations for students estimations on paragraphs of coordination &
integration sphere among associations of higher education descendedly organized .
Mean
Standard
deviation
Position
8 Univ. works to exchange educational
experiences between the other associations
of higher education .
3.63 0.80 First
30 Univ. adopts mutual educational projects
with local education associations regional
3.34 1.17 Second

Vol.6, No.31, 2014
426
and worldly.
33 The univ . desires to continuous
communication with other associations or
higher education.
3.34 1.18 Third
52 Consultant councils are available in the
university include businessmen and
academicians from different associations
(of higher education) .
2.77 1.35 Fourth
56 Univ. seeks to integration of resources and
possibilities of other associatons of higher
education .
2.67 1.33 Fifth
58 Associations of higher education desire in
between to plan organize and finance
exchange students & teaching staff
members
2.64 1.25 Sixth
65 Associations of higher education cooperate
in between in mutual academic programs
achieve principle of integration in
specialization
2.38 1.29 Seventh
68 Univ is committed to lay mutual general
from works concern about studying issues,
and connected spheres with economic &
social development.
2.2 1.48 Eighth
Table No. (20) shows that paragraph No. (8), that worded " the university works to exchange educational
experiences between it and other associations of higher education" had occupied the first position at an
arithmetic mean (3.63) and a standard deviation ( 0.80), meanwhile paragraph No. (68) , that worded " the
university is committed to lay mutual general frameworkds concern about studying issues, and connect spheres
with the economic and social development " occupied the last position at an arithmetic mean (2.22) and a
standard deviation (1.48), and the arithmetic mean of students' estimations on this sphere as a whole amounted to
(2.87) and a standard deviation (0.56), and it corresponds the estimation at a medium degree.
Thirdly: results related to the third question :
The third question worded . "What is the degree of preparing human resources harmony of labour market
requirements, from the point of view of labour market leaders at the different field of labour ? ''
This question was answered through counting the arithmetic means and standard deviations of labour market
leaders responses on paragraph of the instrument of study concerning them .
Table No. (21)
The arithmetic means and standard deviations of labour market leaders ' responses on paragraphs of the
instrument concerning them descendedly organized.
Mean
Standard
deviation
Position
1 They enjoy an ability to understand ,
analyse , and deduce as considered
specialists able to innovate and develop
3.79 0.80 Big
2 Distinguished for enjoying a deep &
enough cognition in subjects of
specialization
3.41 0.81 medium
3 They enjoy quality due to international
standards for academic accreditation
3.29 1.21 Medium
4. They enjoy asensible personality due to
moderate intellectual and cultural trends.
3.24 1.21 Medium
5 Distinguished for initiation in raising new
ideas & looking up at future
3.24 1.09 Medium
6 The Univ. partners labour market in
designing programs with strategic
3.23 1.21 Medium

Vol.6, No.31, 2014
427
significance in development and progress.
7 The univ. allows services & production
sector raise applied of training programs for
students counted from graduation
requirements.
3.21 1.76 Medium
8 Univ. develops methods , means and
techniques that support partnership with
sector of services & production .
318 1.33 Medium
9 They desire permanently to develop their
technical performance and build their basic
skills.
3.15 1.29 Medium
10 Universities & colleges depend the
periodical surveying for labour market
requirements & study trends of its growth
quantitively & qualitatively
3.13 1.19 Medium
11 The univ. is distinguished for initiation in
raising new ideas that increase the
effectiveness of partnership.
3.10 1.22 Medium
12 Univ. concentrates on escorting scientific
research in it for sectors of services nd
production in the community
3.06 1.49 Medium
13 Univ encourages investors to genefit from
the scientific & technological basis in the
university.
2.96 1.31 Medium
14 Univ. participates with productive &
service associations by establishing and
financing mutual research centers.
2.84 1.42 Medium
15. They are distinguished with ability to use
technology of communication and remote
learning .
2.80 1.52 Medium
16. Univ. enlarges in forms of openness,
contact& communication with sectros of
2.77 1.33 Medium
17 They possess the skill of doing scientific
researches related to the field of
specialization .
2.77 1.44 Medium
18 They enjoy the necessary linguistic skills
for work like oral show and writing reports.
2.73 1.86 Medium
19 They enjoy skill of dealing with different
devices & developing methods of using
them.
2.70 1.50 Medium
20 Passing training programs before
graduation made haste of their merging in
labour market easy.
2.67 1.75 Medium
21 Univ. depends preactical techniques on
purpose of recognizing changes and
developments in sector of services &
production .
2.61 1.21 Medium
22 It consults association of public & private
sector about its needs of specialisations.
2.61 1.37 Medium
23 They are committed with principle of
learning for all life.
2.60 1.81 Medium
24 It takes into consideration the needs of
labour market from part of graduates
number.
2.57 1.54 Medium
25 Univ. adapts a mutual scheme with the 2.54 1.35 Medium

Vol.6, No.31, 2014
428
productive sectors to train students during
studying .
26 They enjoy personal characteristics like
striring motivation
2.49 1.31 few
27 best – time conduct & self behavior,
leadership, initiation and risk- loving. It
depended raising new academic programs
due to needs of labour market.
2.46 1.56 few
28 They enjoy applied skills like teamwork,
problems solving and readiess to
adaptation.
2.37 1.25 few
29 It does analytical periodical studies for
labour market needs at the local & regional
level.
2.33 1.17 few
30 It adopts strategy of descending to locations
of work permanently to recognize the
location.
2.31 1.36 few
31 Univ. adopts rehabilitation of some
graduates conforms labour market
requirements .
2.20 1.26 few
32 They are distinguished with ability to escort
change & development to devices and
technical programs.
2.08 1.13 few
33 It follows up conditions of graduates in
labour market to get feedback to develop
academic programs.
2.08 1.23 few
34 They have the ability to analyse problems
related to the field of specialization.
2.05 1.14 few
35 Their performance reflects that they have
got education concentrates on practice &
application.
2.04 1.30 few
36 They are distinguished with the skill of
specialization
2.02 1.15 few
37 They are distinguished with ability to
continuous development of performance in
the field of specialization.
1.98 1.03 few
38 They enjoy a practical experience through
their training during university study.
1.95 1.05 few
39 They desire to achieve integration between
theoretical cognition and practical exercise
and develop them both .
1.95 1.50 few
40 They are aware of the most modern
information related with their
specializations.
1.66 1.06 few
The instrument as a whole 2.65 0.70
It is clear from table No. (21) that the arithmetic means of labour market leaders responses on paragraphs of the
questionnaire concerning them, amounted between (1.66-3.79) with a standard deviation amounted to ( 0.80-
1.06) , and the paragraph that worded they enjoy an ability to understand, analyse and deduce as considered
specialists able to innovate and develop'', came in the first position at an arithmetic mean (3.79) and a standard
deviation ( 0.80) mean while the paragraph that words "" aware continuously of the most modern information
related with their specialization came in the last postion at an arithmetic mean (1.66) and a standard deviation
(1.06) and that the general average of the degree of agreement amounted (2.65) and with a standard deviation
amounted to (0.76). Thus , responses of labour market leaders show that the degree of harmony of preparing
human resources for labour market requirements , from the point of view of labour market leaders in different

Vol.6, No.31, 2014
429
fields of labour was at a medium degree. And the reason may refer to expectation of labour owners more
proficiency, efficiency and cognition amongst graduates at a method bigger than that standard.
Recommendations :
In light of results deduced, the study deduced a group of recommendations, the most important of them, the
necessity of harmony between universities and colleges objectives with trends of labour market from part of
preparing graduates and their specializations, getting acquainted with the actual needs of labour market , through
doing studies tackle different types of specialization and different productive sectors. Universities adoption of
specialization required by labour market. Doing more studies discuss harmony of preparing human resources at
other educational associations of labour market requirements, like professional and industrial associations.
Table of References
Firstly : Arab References
- Adam, Iisamel Deen (2006) Educational planning and Human Development . Al – Ein: Darel Kitabel
Jamii, ( university Book Publishing House ) united Arab Emirates .
- At- Turkistani, Habib (1999) . Role of Higher Education in meeting requirements of Saudi Labour
market, Journal of Social Sciences, vol. 21.3, 96-127.
- Tredd , Mustafa (2001) . the Extent of Suitability of Higher Education outputs from Graduates of the
Palestinian Faculties of Economics and administrative sciences for labour market Requirements in the
West Bank and Gaza Strip. Unpublished master degree dissertation. The Ismalic University Gaza,
Palestine.
- Al- Jaafari, Mahmoud and Lafi, Dareen (2004). Extent of Hermony between Graduates of the
Palestinian Higher Education and Requirements of the Palestinian Labour Market. Jerusalem, Ramallah;
Institute of the Palestinian Economic Research Policies.
- Al Jalal , Abdel Aziz (2007). Reality of Education and the Arab & International Labour market, a paper
work submittd to Arab Forum for Instruction and Education, Education and Needs of Labour Market
Amman April 24-25,2007.
- Rashad, Abdel Naser Mohammad (1997). Education and Comprehensive Development: A study in the
Korean Model, Series of Educational and Psychological References, Darel Fiker Arabi ( Arab Thinking
Publishing House ): Cairo.
- Ar- Rasheed Mohammad (2007). Education And needs of Labour Market a paper work submitted to the
Arab forum for Instruction & Education , Education and Needs of labour market , Amman, 24-25 April.
2007.
- Sharaideh, Hiyam (2003), Harmony Between Information Technology and Instructional Activities in
Private Intermediate Collage. Journal of Arab Universities Union, p.p. 205-239.
- Ash- Shahri, Ali (2007). Relationship between Education & Labour in a changing Reality , a paper work
submitted to the Arab Forum for Instruction and Education, Education and Needs of labour market ,
Amman on, 24-25 April, 2007.
- Aashour, Mohammad (2005). Role of Jordanian Universities in Preparation of Qualified Human cadres
to face Requirements & Needs of labour market Sixth Conference of the Faculty of Education ,
Psychological and Educational Sciences, Future Applications and modernizations , Yarmouk University.
- Aawartani, Hasan (1998). Extent of Higher Education Agreement with the local labour market : an
Analytcal study , series of research Report No. (9). Palestine on center for researches & studies :
Economic Department, Nablus, Palestine.
- Iisan, Salehan (2006), Agreement Between the Higher Education outputs and development
Requirements in the Sultante of OMAN A paper work submitted to the Regional workshop about
response of education to the requirements of social development. The Islamic Organization for
Education , science and culture ( Al Esceco), 17-18/12/2006.
- Mahjoub, Basman (2003). Arab Universities Administration in Light of the Worldly Specifications, the
Arab Organization for Administrative Development, Cairo, Republic of Arab Egypt.
- The Arab Organization for Administrative Development (2003). The Innovative Leadership for Growing
& developing Associations of Arab Home Land. Cairo. Egypt.
- Wadee, Mohammad and As- Sani, Naser (2004). Education and Labour Market in the Arab Countries ,
the Arab Institute for Planning, 2nd
. edition, Kuwait.

Business, Economics, Finance and Management Journals PAPER SUBMISSION EMAIL
European Journal of Business and Management EJBM@iiste.org
Research Journal of Finance and Accounting RJFA@iiste.org
Journal of Economics and Sustainable Development JESD@iiste.org
Information and Knowledge Management IKM@iiste.org
Journal of Developing Country Studies DCS@iiste.org
Industrial Engineering Letters IEL@iiste.org
Physical Sciences, Mathematics and Chemistry Journals PAPER SUBMISSION EMAIL
Journal of Natural Sciences Research JNSR@iiste.org
Journal of Chemistry and Materials Research CMR@iiste.org
Journal of Mathematical Theory and Modeling MTM@iiste.org
Advances in Physics Theories and Applications APTA@iiste.org
Chemical and Process Engineering Research CPER@iiste.org
Engineering, Technology and Systems Journals PAPER SUBMISSION EMAIL
Computer Engineering and Intelligent Systems CEIS@iiste.org
Innovative Systems Design and Engineering ISDE@iiste.org
Journal of Energy Technologies and Policy JETP@iiste.org
Information and Knowledge Management IKM@iiste.org
Journal of Control Theory and Informatics CTI@iiste.org
Journal of Information Engineering and Applications JIEA@iiste.org
Industrial Engineering Letters IEL@iiste.org
Journal of Network and Complex Systems NCS@iiste.org
Environment, Civil, Materials Sciences Journals PAPER SUBMISSION EMAIL
Journal of Environment and Earth Science JEES@iiste.org
Journal of Civil and Environmental Research CER@iiste.org
Life Science, Food and Medical Sciences PAPER SUBMISSION EMAIL
Advances in Life Science and Technology ALST@iiste.org
Journal of Biology, Agriculture and Healthcare JBAH@iiste.org
Journal of Food Science and Quality Management FSQM@iiste.org
Journal of Chemistry and Materials Research CMR@iiste.org
Education, and other Social Sciences PAPER SUBMISSION EMAIL
Journal of Education and Practice JEP@iiste.org
Journal of Law, Policy and Globalization JLPG@iiste.org
Journal of New Media and Mass Communication NMMC@iiste.org
Journal of Energy Technologies and Policy JETP@iiste.org
Historical Research Letter HRL@iiste.org
Public Policy and Administration Research PPAR@iiste.org
International Affairs and Global Strategy IAGS@iiste.org
Research on Humanities and Social Sciences RHSS@iiste.org
Journal of Developing Country Studies DCS@iiste.org
Journal of Arts and Design Studies ADS@iiste.org

The IISTE is a pioneer in the Open-Access hosting service and academic event management.
The aim of the firm is Accelerating Global Knowledge Sharing.
More information about the firm can be found on the homepage:
http://www.iiste.org
CALL FOR JOURNAL PAPERS
There are more than 30 peer-reviewed academic journals hosted under the hosting platform.
Prospective authors of journals can find the submission instruction on the following
page: http://www.iiste.org/journals/ All the journals articles are available online to the
readers all over the world without financial, legal, or technical barriers other than those
inseparable from gaining access to the internet itself. Paper version of the journals is also
available upon request of readers and authors.
MORE RESOURCES
Book publication information: http://www.iiste.org/book/
IISTE Knowledge Sharing Partners
EBSCO, Index Copernicus, Ulrich's Periodicals Directory, JournalTOCS, PKP Open
Archives Harvester, Bielefeld Academic Search Engine, Elektronische Zeitschriftenbibliothek
EZB, Open J-Gate, OCLC WorldCat, Universe Digtial Library , NewJour, Google Scholar

Degree of harmony of preparation of human resources in

Recommended

Recommended

More Related Content

What's hot

What's hot (17)

Similar to Degree of harmony of preparation of human resources in

Similar to Degree of harmony of preparation of human resources in (20)

More from Alexander Decker

More from Alexander Decker (20)

Degree of harmony of preparation of human resources in