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Augmented Reality (AR)簡介與
製作
報告者 : 張偉倫
協助夥伴 : 年興老師、怡玲姐、秀珍姐、逸群學長、Sylvia 、雅文和冠穎(Aintis)
目錄
• AR的簡介
• 定義
• 虛擬顯示技術
• 目標辨識類型
• Unity + Vuforia的AR實作
• 虛擬物件的互動
• AR建置軟體的比較
• Unity + Vuforia
• Blippar
2
Definition
1990 The term augmented reality (AR) was originated
by scientists at the aircraft manufacturer Boeing.
1994
Milgram and Kishino presented the concept of a
virtuality continuum.
1997
Azuma identified three characteristics of AR .
1. Combines real and virtual
2. Interactive in real time
3. Registered in three dimensions
TIMELINE
3
Image Recognition and Location
• The two types of AR application
reported in Pence’s (2011) study,
namely:
• Kun-Hung Cheng and Chin-Chung
Tsai attempts to re-coin the two types
of AR as :
(1) image-based
(1) marker-based
(2) markerless
(2) location-based
classified as
4
Display Technologies
• There are two ways to accomplish the combining of real and virtual
: video or optical technologies.
Video Optical
The video cameras provide the user's
view of the real world.
The user can look directly through
optical combiners to see the real world.
5
先註冊帳號
註冊完成後登入
1
2
1
2
6
1
2
3
*登入後畫面
1
2
3
選擇Develop
選擇Target Manager
按Add Database
7
1
2
3
1
2
3
取名
選擇Device
按Create
*按Add Database之後顯示的畫面
8
資料庫新增完成 1
1 點擊資料庫名稱(此範例為test2)
9
1
1 按Add Target
10
1
2
3
4
1
2
*按Add Target之後顯示的畫面
3
4
選擇要被辨識的物件類型
上傳被辨識物件的檔案
此範例被辨識的物件類型是Single
Image所以要設定Image的寬度
按Add
11
1
1 按Download Database (All)
被辨識的物件新增完成
12
1
2
3
1
2
3
點Develop
點License Manager
按Add License Key
13
1
2
3
4
1
2
3
4
*按Add License Key之後的畫面
選擇Development為Project Type
輸入App Name
選擇Mobile作為Device
按Next
14
1
2
1
2
*按Next之後的畫面
打勾
按Confirm
15
License Key新增成功
點License Key名稱,
此範例為test2
16
*按License Key名稱之後的畫面
1
1
複製License Key
*到此頁已完成AR Camera的License Key的申請,
接著回到unity將License Key貼到AR Camera
17
*按Download Database (All) 之後顯示的畫面
1
2
1
2
選擇Unity Editor開發平台
按Download
下載完成會看到一個副檔名是.unitypackage的檔案
*到此頁步驟已完成被辨識物件的建立,接下來進行unity的環境設定
18
1
2
3
1
2
3
選擇Downloads
選擇SDK
點Download for Unity下載Vuforia的套件
下載完成會看到一個副檔名是.unitypackage的檔案
19
*執行Unity
1
1 按NEW新增專案
20
1
2
*按NEW之後的畫面
1
2
輸入專案名稱
按Create project 3
3 選擇3D或2D都可以
21
1
Main Camera在此範例不會用到可以先刪掉
1
22
1
1 選擇Assets > Import Package > Custom Package…
23
2
1
2
將之前下載的兩個副檔名為.unitypackage,一次一個載入到專案中
按開啟
1
 按Custom Package後,會出現此視窗
24
1 2
1
2
按All
按Import
*按開啟後,會跳出新視窗
25
1
2
3
1
2
3
在左下角可以看到載入的資料夾,將路徑換
到Prefabs底下,然後把ARCamera移到Scene裡
*按Import後
將在Vuforia申請的License Key貼到App License Key欄位
打勾Database Load Behaviour (Script)、Load
magnet(名稱各有不同) Database和Activate
26
1
2
將ImageTarget物件拉到Scene裡
1
2
設定ImageTarget的Database和ImageTarget ,此範例
Database為ys,ImageTarget為100
27
1
1
功能由左至右分別表示:
• 移動場景
• 移動物件方位
• 旋轉物件
• 調整物件大小
• 改變物件外型
28
1
1
ImageTarget點右鍵,選擇Create Empty,會新增一個
GameObject
29
1
2
2
1 將GameObject重新命名為skeleton
將skelet 3D模型放到skeleton底下
*目錄切換到Assets > internal_skeleton底下
30
1
1 將腦部模型也放到場景中,並與skeleton同一階層
31
1
1 把勾勾取消,先將腦部模型隱藏
32
1 在skeleton物件點Add Component,選擇Box Collider
1
33
1
新增完Box Collider後,在場景中會看到綠色線條的中空立
方體,接著點選Box Collider的Edit Collider屬性,即可調整
立方體的大小,並將立方體移到額頭的位置
1
34
1 在Assets的視窗下點右鍵,選擇Create > C# Script
1
2
2
新增完後會看到C#圖示
的檔案,打開它
35
36
1 將寫好程式的腳本,拖拉到skeleton物件
1
2
2 將basic-biology-of-the-brain 物件拉到腳本的
Brain欄位
37
38
1
2 3
4
1
2
3
4
選擇Android
點Player Settings…
*按Build Settings後出現的視窗
輸入Bundle Identifier欄位(隨便取字母+數字)
選擇Minimum API Level,建議不要選太低或
太高的版本,此範例是選Android 4.0.3
按Build
39
*按Build後出現的視窗
1
2
1 輸入app名稱
2
按存檔
*將.apk檔放到手機安裝,然後執行,即可測試AR程式
40
AR實作網站
Blippar Vuforia
開發者應用需求 標籤應用 AR app開發
開發平台
Blipparbuilder
(即將提供API)
Android Studio, XCode,
Visual Studio 和 Unity
開發語言 JavaScript JavaScript、C#和Objective-C
辨識功能 一次辨識一個目標 可辨識多個目標
網址 https://blippar.com/en/ https://developer.vuforia.com/
41

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AR Implementation 1 2016.10.20

Editor's Notes

  1. 技術教學的報告方式: 可以跟大家講我們今天要學什麼工具,學完之後你們可以獲得什麼東西 這場AR workshop可以如期舉行也要非常感謝以上夥伴的協助
  2. in the 1990s, the term augmented reality (AR) was originated by scientists at the aircraft manufacturer Boeing, who were developing an AR system that blended virtual graphics onto a real environment display to help aircraft electricians with cable assembly (Caudell and Mizell 1992). 波音公司研究與技術部門的工作人員表示,他們利用谷歌眼鏡製造出了飛機的電子線束。 波音公司表示, 他們使用谷歌眼鏡後安裝電子線束的時間縮短了25%, 同時錯誤率降低了一半。 由於飛機包含了連接到電力系統的凌亂、巨大及複雜的電線網絡,技術人員需要一邊觀看筆記本電腦上的PDF組裝說明,一邊手動安裝,用AR眼鏡代替電腦屏可以為工作人員帶來不少方面。 原文網址:https://kknews.cc/tech/axayog.html 原文網址:https://kknews.cc/tech/axayog.html 原文網址:https://kknews.cc/tech/axayog.html
  3. The two types of AR application reported in Pence’s (2011) study, namely :(1) marker-based (2) markerless AR 擴增實境技術以虛擬與現實結合、即時互動及虛擬三維物件等三項原則,並以追蹤、定位及顯示等三項技術建構擴增實境系統。 http://portal.stpi.narl.org.tw/index/article/10258 陳坤宏
  4. Optical(光學原理) :光學穿透式顯示技術是人的眼晴直接透過鏡片看到三維的空間中虛擬的圖像,並透過準確追蹤和精準定位技術在空間中抓取或觸摸虛擬的圖形產生反饋,與真實的世界同步和互動(Bimber & Ramesh, 2005)。Ex: hololens Video(影像合成技術) :影像穿透式顯示技術利用攝影機鏡頭呈現「影像疊加」的方式,將數位資訊或圖像疊加在真實世界的實像或實物上,透過手機和平板上相關的應用程式,在現實的狀態下可以看見增加的影像及資訊,是將虛擬的影像與現實的物體結合的顯示技術(Rolland & Fuchs,2000 ; Freddie, 2016)。Ex : smartphone
  5. Device databases provide Vuforia applications with a locally accessible database of image targets.  Cloud databases provide Vuforia applications with a large number of targets. Cloud databases are stored in the Internet and support over a million image targets.
  6. The width value can arbitrary. It is used to establish the unit scale of your Unity scene