Leadership in Management Mba/Mcom

3.  What is Leading
I. Leading is a one of the functions of Management .
II. Leading is the process of influencing and motivating others to act to
accomplish specified objectives. It consists of interpersonal influence, by
means of communication process, toward the attainment of a specified
goal
 What is Leader
I. Leader is a person who guides , motivates others toward a common goal,
showing the way by example, and creating an environment in which other
team members feel actively involved in the entire process.
 What is Leadership
Leadership can be defined as ,According to Oxford dictionary:
“The action of leading a group of people or an organization, or the ability to
do this”

4.  Honesty and Integrity
The 34th President of United States,Dwight.D.
Eisenhower once said,
The supreme quality of leadership is
questionably integrity.
 Confidence
To be an effective leader, you should
be confident enough to ensure that
other follow your commands. If you are
unsure about your own decisions and
qualities, then your subordinates will
never follow you.

5.  Inspire Others
Probably the most difficult job for a leader is to
persuade others to follow. It can only be
possible if you inspire your followers by setting a
good example. When the going gets tough, they
look up to you and see how you react to the
situation. If you handle it well, they will follow you.
 Commitment and Passion
Your teams look up to you and if you want
them to give them their all, you will have to
be passionate about it too. When your
teammates see you getting your hands
dirty, they will also give their best shot.
 Good Communicator
if you are unable to communicate your
message effectively to your team, you
can never be a good leader. Words
have the power to motivate people
and make them do the unthinkable. If
you use them effectively, you can also
achieve better results.

6.  Decision-Making Capabilities
Apart from having a futuristic vision, a leader
should have the ability to take the right decision
at the right time.. A leader should think
long and hard before taking a decision but once the
decision is taken, stand by it. Although, most leaders
take decisions on their own, but it is highly
recommended that you consult key stakeholders
before taking a decision. After all, they are the ones
who will benefit or suffer from your decisions.
 Accountability
When it comes to accountability, you need to
follow the approach highlighted by Arnold H
Glasow when he said, “A good leader takes little
more than his share of the blame and little less
than his share of the credit.”

7.  Delegation and Empowerment
You cannot do everything, right. It is important
for a leader to focus on key responsibilities
while leaving the rest to others. By that,
I mean empowering your followers and delegating
tasks to them.
 Creativity and Innovation
What separates a leader from a follower? Steve
Jobs, the greatest visionary of our time answers
this question this way, “Innovation distinguishes
between a leader and a follower.”
 Empathy
 Last but certainly not the least, is empathy.
Leaders should develop empathy with their
followers. Unfortunately, most leaders follow a
dictatorial style and neglect empathy altogether.
Due to this, they fail to make a closer connection
with their followers.

8.  Great Man Theory (1840s)
The Great Man theory evolved around the mid 19th century.
The Great Man theory assumes that the traits of leadership are
intrinsic. That simply means that great leaders are born...
Trait Theory (1930's - 1940's)
 The trait leadership theory believes that people are either born
or are made with certain qualities that will make them excel in
leadership roles.
 That is, certain qualities such as intelligence, sense of responsibility,
creativity and other values puts anyone in the shoes of a good leader.

9.  Behavioural Theories (1940's - 1950's)
In reaction to the trait leadership theory, the behavioral theories are
offering a new perspective, one that focuses on the behaviors of the
leaders as opposed to their mental, physical or social characteristics.
 In other words, leaders are made not born.
 Contingency Theories (1960's)
The Contingency Leadership theory argues that there is no single
way of leading and that every leadership style should be based on
certain situations, which signifies that there are certain people who
perform at the maximum level in certain places; but at minimal
performance when taken out of their element.

10.  Transactional leadership Theories (1970's)
Transactional theories, also known as exchange theories of leadership,
are characterized by a transaction made between the leader and the
followers. In fact, the theory values a positive and mutually beneficial
relationship.
 Transformational Leadership Theories (1970s)
The Transformational Leadership theory states that this process is by
which a person interacts with others and is able to create a solid
relationship that results in a high percentage of trust, that will later
result in an increase of motivation, both intrinsic and extrinsic, in both
leaders and followers.

11.  Autocratic Style
 I prefer this simple autocrat definition: Any leader with a “Because
I told you so…” mentality. Authoritative leadership means a manager
takes complete control of (and responsibility for) a situation.
 Affiliative Style
 Affiliative managers promote connection and harmony between team
members. They solve personality conflicts between team members,
praise good work, and maintain healthy morale.
 Coaching Style
 Leaders and managers act as coaches to inspire, encourage, and
guide their teams to greater outputs and efficiencies.
 Democratic Style
 In a democratic style, the manager allows the employees to take
part in decision-making: therefore everything is agreed upon by
the majority. The communication is extensive in both directions
from employees to leaders and vice versa.

12.  Pace setting Style
 Pace setting leaders use their experience in a certain market to get
the most they can from highly-motivated workers.
 In this style, the leader sets high standards for performance.
He or she is “obsessive about doing things better and faster, and
asks the same of everyone.”
 Visionary Style
 When managers need teams to invest heavily, but situations don’t
allow for democratic leadership, visionaries rise to the occasion.
 Visionary leaders help people see the impossible as possible. They
facilitate engagement and inspire trust in high-risk, high-reward
settings.

13.  AL EWAN MEDICAL COMPANY
 Business Type ( Distributer of Medical Equipment in KSA )
 Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
 Autocratic Leader/Director Operations ( Dr.Wahid Ali Khan)
 Web: www.alewan.com
 Introduction .
 Al-Ewan Medical Company was established in 1993 as a limited liability company
to provide state of art medical services to the population of Saudi Arabia and
neighboring countries, by focusing its activities in healthcare and related fields.
 AI-Ewan Medical Company's managed by highly qualified, skilled and experienced
healthcare professionals. Company head office is based in Riyadh and has branches
and site offices in Jeddah, Taif, Qaseem ,Dammam and Jizan.
 Customers
 Government and Pvt hospitals
 Government tenders ( Locally and Internationally )
 Business Partners
 Roho ( USA )
 Linvatec ( USA )
 Orthomedical ( Germany )
 Ossur Europe ( Holland )

14.  Data Collection Methods.
 Personal Visits
 Internet
 I have selected Dr.Wahid Ali Khan as a leader. He joined the company since
company established .He is answerable to the CEO of company .He is a
director operations moreover a leader for his staff .He have very clear vision
towards organization goals ,He is motivated and influenced person in the
company .He knows how to deal with difficult situations and to motivate staff
towards the company goal .
 Conclusion
According to my understanding this type of leadership category falls in
Autocratic Style Leadership which has some advantages and disadvantages
which are given below ,

15.  Advantages .
 It provides stable environment for staff .
 It provides for quick decision-making because here only one person i.e., the
leader takes decisions.
 Mostly subordinates like to work under centralized authority and staff
will be more productive and motivated .
 As there is no consultation with subordinates, confidential matters can be
kept secretly.
 Leadership gives strong motivation and satisfaction to the leader who
dictates terms.
 At lower levels, only less competent subordinates are required.
 This style may yield positive outcome if great speed is needed.

16.  Disadvantages
 The basic problem with the autocratic style of leadership is
that subordinates are not informed about why they are asked to do a
particular work i.e., the purpose for which the work is required to be
preformed.
 Jobs are assigned, facilities provided, instructions issued without consulting
the person who is performing the job.
 Subordinates are forced to follow the directions given by the leader
blindly though the directions given may not be of proper one. This will
ultimately produce feelings of helplessness and frustration among the
employees.
 The success of this type of leadership depends entirely upon the efficiency
of the leader.
 Full potential of subordinates and their creative ideas are not utilized.
 Organizational continuity is threatened in the absence of the leader. This is
because, subordinates get no opportunity for their development.

17. 1. Staff Dependent on Leader
2. Personality clashes
3. Politics/Grouping
4. Less input from team
members
5. Forced to Follow Directions
6. Decisions based on personal
liking and disliking
1.Business growth
2.Better dealing with partners
1.Subsitute/Successor
2.Easy target for competitors
1. Motivation/Productivity
2. Centralization
3. Fast Decision making
4. Clear Vision towards goals
5. Empathy & Problem solver
6. Innovation & Creativity
7. Better handling of
Uncertain Situations.