This is to introduce you to Vispion, an in US patented and extremely versatile fractal based electronic sensor.
The sensor is designed for use in quality control across many industries and applications and has undergone extensive testing and refinement.
THE VISpION US-PATENT RIGHTS ARE FOR SALE!
hey includes both, the mechanical design and a costume fractal based algorithm and is now for sale by the inventor.
In order to learn more about the sensor system please see the short introduction.
We are happy to provide you more information in our field test report and prospectus by email.
PLEASE CONTACT
Adelheid Birkle
info@7colours.de
Understanding Discord NSFW Servers A Guide for Responsible Users.pdf
Â
VISpION Testanwendungen
1. FIELD TESTS
_______________________________________________________________
INTRODUCTION
The VISpION fractal-structured sensor system was tested across a wide range of industrial
applications on-site and in the laboratory for over thirty companies. Consistently, after
testing and demonstrations, the value of the system was manifest, and companies were
invariably interested in adopting and employing a version of the VISpION system.
The exacting field tests of the system revealed its capabilities and potential, and elicited
serious interest in the marketplace.
However, Pheno Struktursensoric itself does not have the capacity for commercial
production, sale, and distribution of the sensor system, and associated certification.
Successful exploitation of the market awaits the purchaser of the VISpION patent and rights.
In order to demonstrate the versatility, simplicity, and accuracy of the VISpION system, we
set out below the details of actual applications of the system across very different industries,
very different environments, and producing a very wide variety of desired sensor-acquired
data.
2. INDEX / FIELD TESTS
_______________________________________________________________
1 Akzo Nobel GmbH
Bulk fiber processing
http://www.akzonobel.com/
2 WMF WĂŒrttembergische Metallwarenfabrik AG
Granular Coffee
http://www.wmf.com/
3 Daimler AG
Cast Steel
http://www.daimler.com/
4 Loepfe Brothers Ltd.
Yarn Production
http://www.loepfe.com/
5 EBK Entsorgungsbetriebe Stadt Konstanz
Water Purification
http://www.konstanz.de/service/servicebetriebe/ebk/abwasserreinigung
6 The LEGO Group
ABS Plastic Mouldings
http://www.lego.com/
3. BULK FIBER PROCESSING >> BACK TO INDEX
________________________________________________________________________
1 Akzo Nobel GmbH
http://www.akzonobel.com/
Primary bulk processing of raw natural and synthetic fibers, for use in the
textile industry.
THE TASK
> Sorting bulk air-blown fibers according to both degree of loft and to spatial
orientation.
SOLUTION
> Simultaneous measuring of both loft and dispersion with a fractal-based
scanner coupled with VISpIONs analytical software for chaotic systems.
________________________________________________________________________
> CHALLENGE
Yarn- and thread spinning mills require bulk fiber at different but exact levels of loft, and
with specific dispersion qualities. Consistent achievement of these two criteria is critically
important because mis-spec'ed fiber is not always easy to identify visually at the receiving
dock, and if allowed into the production process can cause serious down-stream
consequences.
AKZO/ NOBEL receives compressed raw bulk fiber in ten-foot cubic bundles, processes the
fiber, and then supplies bulk processed fiber to the spinning industry.
One of the most important processes is the controlled air-chamber lofting of the bulk fiber to
provide:
- the necessary degree of fiber loft, which changes according to client
specifications
- proper spacial dispersion of fibers to insure optimum separation and
anisotropic arrangement.
> PREVIOUS EXPERIENCE
AKZO performed no real-time process control on the lofting process while in operation.
Lofting cycles were simply set to run for a certain length of time.
Since bundles of raw compressed fiber exhibit subtle but meaningful differences at arrival,
length of loft time was based on averages and was far from optimal in results. Post-
processing, a random sampling of lofted fibers were inspected manually by specially trained
employees working in four-hour shifts. In practice, inferior product was sometimes
approved, and product that was later shown to be excellent was rejected.
This method was expensive, subjective, inefficient, and time consuming. It was capricious in
its sortation, and identified only a percentage of inferior product, and only after processing.
4. > SOLUTION
With the assistance of ASKO engineers, an off-line production environment was created in
which compressed cotton-fiber fleece was subject to a recreation of the ASKO air-blown
lofting process. The fleece was back-lighted with a narrow-beam 20-watt white light array
delivered by a 4 mm fiber optic cable.
In front of the fleece, and on a common axis through the center of the bundle, the optical
receiver was positioned at a distance of 6 cm, and contained four scanning channels, to
accommodate the four rasters required for the Minkowski-Bouligand/Hausdorff refinement of
the fractal analysis box-counting method that the VISpION system applies to anisotropic,
stochastic, turbulent, or chaotic systems.
The optical information was processed as a series of fractals at a first stage, and at
successive three-second intervals during the lofting process. This was fed to the VISpION
analytical software on an adjacent CPU, and a characteristic response curve was then
defined and self-affined qualities compared. A logarithmic function of the slope of self-
affined fractal dimensions was computed.
The system automatically considers contour characterizations, isoline distribution, interfaces,
clustering, and anistropy. Resultant fractal dimension values of the fiber loft and the chaotic
fiber dispersal were defined at each examination interval.
Testing was conducted through variables of light level, object resolution, voltage, and
interval of measure. Parameters were then defined to identify levels at which fiber was over-
blown, under-blown, and/or dispersion was non-conforming or still too isotropic.
Once parameters were established and programmed, the VISpION system consistently and
accurately generated a visual alert (blinking red light) to alert operators to lofting processes
which had drifted out-of-spec, and would therefore produce blown fiber bundles of inferior
quality. The system also generated a multi-featured graphic display at the operatorâs PC.
6. > PREVIOUS EXPERIENCE
Evaluation of coffee in use at retail establishments had been very subjective, based on
smell, taste, and visual inspection by service personnel. Identification of inferior coffee was
inconsistent and not reliable, and, since there were no objective criteria, assumptions about
the use of inferior coffee and coffee blends were not defensible.
Coffee removed from retail client locations was also tested at WMFâs own lab using a method
of passing ground coffee through five progressive filters of successively finer openings. The
resultant volume of coffee remaining in each filter was then weighed. The process was
relatively inexact, took four hours, and was not suitable for field use. Nor did it provide the
consistent, objective results needed for retail quality control.
> SOLUTION
Pheno Struktorsensorik created a test device in which a 200 cc sample of ground coffee was
released from a small container in a controlled and uniform 15-cm vertical fall across a
slightly oblique transparent glass plate. Rate of flow was controlled by a small electric
turbine vibrator. The coffee was illuminated from behind: white light was transmitted
through the glass plate across which the coffee was falling.
The optical axis was perpendicular to the plane of falling coffee. Transmitted light was
captured by a tight vertical array of four receiving channels, over a total width of 17mm.
Measurement interval was five seconds.
In a blind test, the system identified six different coffee brands, and created a distinct and
different fractal dimension signature and curve for each coffee. In repeat tests, the same
data was produced for the same coffees. WMF was thereby provided with objective and
consistent measurement parameters for selected quality coffees. A further refinement was
made in the creation of a small portable device measuring only 15 mm on a side, containing
an area for sample coffee, and both incident light emitter and receiving element.
7. CAST STEEL >> BACK TO INDEX
________________________________________________________________________
3 Daimler AG
http://www.daimler.com/
Daimler Chrysler manufactures its own engines for cars and trucks. The proper
bonding of steel cylinder linings within cast aluminum engine blocks is a
critical part of the engine manufacturing process.
THE TASK
> Create a system to perform in-line examination of the surface characteristics
of cast steel cylinder linings. The system must provide an objective numerical
scoring range, and in a single pass evaluate the pustule-studded cylinder
lining surface, including shape, dispersion and densitiy.
SOLUTION
> The VISpION fractal-structured sensor system was able to accurately
distinguish between in- and out-of-spec linings, to compute a range of
numerical values for control criteria -- both within and without specified
tolerances -- and was able to evaluate all criteria in a single pass.
________________________________________________________________________
> CHALLENGE
Properly cast steel cylinder lining sleeves exhibit an exterior surface that is studded with
small mushroom-shaped pustules, 0.5 mm in diameter at the widest part and decreasing to
0.2 mm at the base where they join the external cylinder-lining wall. Each pustule must
conform, within a tolerance range, to these characteristics of size and shape. The pustules
must also display a stochastic distribution pattern of a given density and uniformity, within
tolerances, over the entire exterior cylinder-lining wall.
In the manufacture of a six-cylinder in-line truck engine, for example, six steel cylinder
linings are aligned precisely in a row, and the aluminum engine block is cast around them.
Ideally, each and every one of the six cylinder linings used in a single engine will exhibit
pustule size characteristics and pattern characteristics from the same small area within the
tolerance range for each characteristic.
The pustules perform two critical functions. They achieve the bond between the steel
cylinder lining and the aluminum engine block. The bond must be such that it withstands
extreme pressure and vibration, and extreme changes in temperature with resultant
expansion and contraction of both cylinder lining and engine block. The bond must be
uniform all around the cylinder.
The pustules are also critical to the rate of heat exchange via conduction from the
combustion within the cylinder to the aluminum engine block with its water- and air-cooling
properties. Ideally, heat conduction must be uniform all around a single cylinder, and must
occur at the same rate and pattern from all six cylinders in a given engine. This is important
8. for uniform performance from each cylinder, and therefore for smooth running of the engine,
and hence also for engine life.
The challenge was to create an efficient and uniform method for cylinder-lining quality
control that could be applied in-line, and would accurately and at once measure:
1. pustule size and shape
2. the consistency of pustule shape across the field
3. the pattern of pustule dispersion over the exterior cylinder-lining wall
4. assign numeric values to the criteria so that individual linings could be grouped
like-to-like.
> PREVIOUS EXPERIENCE
Daimler was randomly selecting cylinder linings for Q/C testing, and testing off-line, so that
only a small percentage of linings were tested for all criteria. Each criterion was examined
separately. It was impossible to group cylinder linings with the other linigs that exhibited
similar properties within range. It was impossible to eliminate all out-of-spec cylinder linings.
> THE SOLUTION
Daimler provided Phenostrukturensorik with a number of cylinder linings, some known to be
within spec and some not. Supplied linings were out of spec for various reasons: pustule size
and shape, and distribution pattern over the exterior lining wall. Daimler also provided
tolerance ranges.
At Pheno, cylinder linings were each mounted vertically and rotated at 120 rpm. The rotating
cylinder lining was illuminated at two places, 20mm from the top edge, and 20mm from the
bottom edge, with a tightly focused 20-watt light beam, 4 mm in diameter. Maximum
contrast and detail was achieved with an illumination angle of 25 degrees to the
circumferential tangent. The optical axis was at 90 degrees to the tangent.
Four channels of optical reception were achieved through a single cylindrical lens. The
fractal-structured VISpION system was able to compute and assign a range of numerical
values and thereby accurately distinguished between in- and out-of-spec linings and permit
groupings of linings according to these values. Reference figures were displayed on a laptop
screen, and out-of-spec occurrences were relayed in real time to an alarm.
9. YARN PRODUCTION >> BACK TO INDEX
________________________________________________________________________
4 Loepfe Brothers Ltd.
http://www.loepfe.com/
Loepfe brothers, Ltd., of Wetzikon, Switzerland, produces electronic quality
control instruments for the textile industry. Loepfe quality control devices are
used by OEM manufacturers of spooling and web machines, and by the end-
user companies that use these machines. Clients include Oerlikon, JĂŒrgens,
Savio, Muratec, Sulzer Textil, JĂ€ger, and Dornier.
THE TASK
> Create a device that can perform multi-function quality control on high-speed
yarns, that is unaffected by humidity, that is reliable and efficient, small in
size, and inexpensive to produce in quantity.
SOLUTION
> Phenostruktursensorik produced a fractal-structured sensor utilizing infrared
light, and employing the VISpION analytical software, that is unaffected by
humidity and that reliably and accurately measured required quality control
characteristics.
________________________________________________________________________
> CHALLENGE
In one typical quality control application for a number of Loepfe clients, untreated round or
flat wool or cotton yarn (before coating, coloring, or other finishing application) undergoes a
yarn cleaning process in a winding department. The yarn moves at high speed from bulk
rolls to spindles, and must be checked for a number of potential defects, including density
and consistency of density.
Fluctuations in ambient humidity caused by weather changes, and fluctuations in the
moisture content of the yarn itself frustrated reliability and consistency in measuring quality
control criteria. The challenge was to create a quality control device that could measure
density and consistency at high speed and be unaffected by humidity. In addition, the device
must be small enough to be fitted easily into existing machinery, and existing production
lines. It must also be inexpensive to produce in quantity, and must demonstrate long-term
reliability in a round-the-clock industrial environment.
> PREVIOUS EXPERIENCE
Loepfeâs previous device for this application consisted of two face-to-face capacitor plates
that between them create an electric field. Yarn running between the plates changed the
loading capacity to a degree determined by the characteristics of the yarn.
10. However, ambient humidity changes and changes of moisture content within the yarn had a
dramatic and unpredictable effect on resultant readings, creating variances of +- 20%.
> THE SOLUTION
Phenostruktursensorik created a small fractal-stuctured sensor consisting of two pairs of
highly polished aluminum plates, placed 4mm apart, through which the subject yarn ran at
high speed. In each pair of plates, one of the facing plates contained a slit, .5 mm wide in
one and 1 mm wide in the other. The area between each pair of mirrored surfaces through
which the yarn ran was illuminated by means of a diode with a tightly focused .4 mm cone
of monochromatic infra-red light. Light entered the area between the surfaces, was reflected
within the enclosure, and exited through the slits, creating in effect a light resonator.
The light emitted through each slit was directed at two receiving photo-electronic
transducers. Changes in density and consistency of density were discerned at high speed by
the system, regardless of humidity. Density levels were assigned objective numerical values
over pre-determined measurement intervals. Density abnormalities above or below
tolerance levels were identified with 100% accuracy.
The system could also discern disturbing differences in thin and thick yarn sections,
hairiness and other imperfections. The sensor was sufficiently small in size (1.5 cm x 1.5
cm) to meet Leofperâs requirements, as was the projected price for quantity manufacture
(less than ten Swiss Francs).
11. WATER PURIFICATION >> BACK TO INDEX
________________________________________________________________________
5 EBK Entsorgungsbetriebe Stadt Konstanz
http://www.konstanz.de/service/servicebetriebe/ebk/abwasserreinigung
Entsorgungsbetriebe Stadt Konstanz (EBK): central water purification facilty.
The EBK operates the largest waste-water treatment unit at the Bodensee,
serving 280,000 inhabitants. The facility operates 24 hours per day, and
processes up to 40 million litres of waste-water each day from the city of
Konstanz, the municipalities of Allensbach and Reichenau, and the neighboring
Swiss city of Kreuzlingen.
THE TASK
> Create a device to instantly and reliably monitor and measure the amount of
suspended organic or inorganic material, polymers, or bacteria, and/or general
turbidity or the degree of flocculation in waste-water undergoing purification
treatment.
SOLUTION
> Phenostruktursensorik produced an adjustable fractal-structured sensor
utilizing polarized light, and employing the VISpION analytical software, that
measures the level of suspended solids or organic matter, and the degree of
flocculation over a range of field sizes and resolutions including microscopic.
________________________________________________________________________
> CHALLENGE
Modern waste-water processing is a very complex process, involving a series of sensitive
operations performed on waste-water in a certain sequence, usually in three basic stages:
primary screening; secondary chemical and biological processing, and an advanced stage of
disinfection, flocculation, and settling. Waste-water typically contains much matter that
needs to be removed: including large solids like bottles or twigs, suspended solids, from
large to microscopic, biological pathogens, toxic chemicals, heavy metals, fats, ammonia,
nitrates, and phosphates (the last three primarily from agricultural fertilizers and household
detergents).
After first stage screening, in which the incoming waste-water passes through a series of
screens with diminishing mesh openings, waste-water is directed into a series of large pools,
some agitated to encourage aeration, some still to accelerate sedimentation, where
chemical, mineral, or biological additives (aerobic or anaerobic bacteria), oxygen and
nitrogen gasses, and polymers are introduced in a certain specific order to begin or to
accelerate natural purification processes. At certain precise points within a given process, or
at its conclusion, material must be removed by skimming, the next additive must be applied,
or material must be siphoned off after flocculation, sedimentation and settling.
These chemical and biological processes are sensitive, and easily affected by changes in the
quality and composition of the incoming waste-water, which naturally fluctuates constantly.
12. It is very time consuming to evaluate the incoming waste-water for all the qualities which
ideally might be known before processing begins (the Konstanz facilty receives on average
more than 1.5 million litres per hour). But waste-water composition determines how much of
an additive is required, and how much time any of the many processes will take.
Constant evaluation of process stages is therefore required, because variables of additive
quantity and process time change constantly. Evaluation might require an assessment of
turbidity, of degree of flocculation, of the amount of and condition of bacteria (biomass), of
the dispersal pattern of an additive, of the volume of dissolved gasses.
In consultation with EBK engineers, it was decided to develop a device to digitally measure
advanced-stage activity. This device would instantly and reliably measure the amount of
suspended organic or inorganic material, polymers, or bacteria, and/or general turbidity in
waste-water undergoing purification treatment. It could also, as needed, measure the
degree of flocculation, or coagulation, of suspended solid chemicals or pollutants. The device
would be adjustable in resolution to measure a range of material from macro- to
microscopic.
> PREVIOUS EXPERIENCE
The current EBK method was to remove water samples from the various agitation or settling
tanks and to perform laboratory evaluation to determine waste-water composition and
process stage. More water or more additive would be introduced as needed. The lab
evaluation took some time â for example, samples needed to be stained and slides prepared
for microscopic analysis â and meanwhile the associated treatment process was still active
and evolving. It was constantly touch and go. This was a time consuming, often costly,
wasteful, and inexact process.
> THE SOLUTION
Phenostruktursensorik created an optical fractal-structured sensor utilizing infrared polarized
light emitted by a diode, capable of microscopic resolution, and employing the VISpION
analytical software. Optical resolution was 0.01 mm (one-hundredth of a millimetre), with a
depth of field of 0.2 mm. The sensor was mounted perpendicular to an optical glass window
in a small agitation tank.
Using VISpION fractal pattern recognition, the sensor was able instantly to analyze and
report on the presence, size, and condition of suspended solids at microscopic level. Further
correlation with actual lab samples from the water treatment facilty could form the basis of
further programming that would provide instant determination of flocculation stages,
bacterial process staging, polymer levels, and dispersal patterns.
13. ABS PLASTIC MOULDINGS >> BACK TO INDEX
________________________________________________________________________
6 The LEGO Group
http://www.lego.com/
The LEGO Group was founded in 1932 in Billund, Denmark, the present site of
the company headquarters. The name 'LEGO' is an abbreviation of the two
Danish words "leg godt", meaning "play well". The LEGO Group now has
subsidiaries and branches throughout the world, and LEGO products are sold
in more than 130 countries. LEGO makes a range of high quality products
centred on the well-known interlocking LEGO brick building systems, and
compatible wheels, gears, motors, and other elements. LEGO Group brands
include DUPLO, Bob the Builder, LEGO Figures, MINDSTORMS programmable
intelligent brick robots, and interactive creative software products. LEGO is the
worldâs fifth-largest manufacturer of toys.
THE TASK
> Create a device to perform high-speed quality control at two critical points:
1. the raw ABS plastic granules as they leave the bulk storage silos, and
2. the finished and cooled ABS pieces after they are ejected from the moulds.
Further, the device must render objective numerical values for evaluative
criteria.
SOLUTION
> Phenostruktursensorik produced a fractal-structured sensor utilizing halogen
white light, and employing the VISpION analytical software that accurately
analyzed both the bulk granules and the finished ABS plastic elements, and
assigned numerical values to inspection criteria.
________________________________________________________________________
> CHALLENGE
The entire range of LEGO products are designed to interlock with one another as part of a
universal system. All pieces must be compatible in both appearance and physical dimension.
They must fit together accurately and easily, and with enough friction to provide structural
stability. But they must come apart easily also, and must withstand repeated
attaching/detaching in use. LEGO bricks and other elements are therefore manufactured to a
tolerance of two-thousandths of a millimetre (0.002 mm). They are available in 70 carefully
controlled colors. LEGO bricks and other components are manufactured at very high speed:
19 Billion elements are made each year in Billund, or 36,000 per minute.
The raw material of LEGO bricks and most other elements is 25mm-sized granules of the
plastic acrylonitrile butadiene styrene (C8H8· C4H6·C3H3N), or ABS. ABS granules are stored
in14 bulk silos, one silo for each of LEGOâs primary colors, and each one holding 33 tons of
material. Granules must be checked for accuracy in size and color, for uniformity, for the
presence of foreign matter, and for humidity. In the production process, the granules are
moved by a system of air-driven pipes to pre-heaters and then to injection-moulding
14. machines. To achieve each of the many possible product colors, different primary-colored
granules, from different silos, need to be mixed precisely and thoroughly before moulding to
create desired secondary colors. This granule mixture is also checked for color and
uniformity.
The granule mixture is then pre-heated to 232° C, becomes homogenous and dough-like in
consistency, is injected into moulds, and is then subject to 25 to150 tons of pressure,
depending on the specific element being manufactured. The pieces are then cooled and
ejected onto a conveyer belt that carries them to the automated sorting and packing
system. The process takes about eight seconds.
Even very minor variances in color or deformities in shape or surface can render the
elements unusable. Objectionable irregularities in shape, color, and appearance can occur
for a number of reasons, among them: insufficient or over heating, presence of foreign
matter (such as lubricating oil) in the mould, incorrect proportions in the mixture of primary
colored granules, too much moisture, a worn mould, insufficient cooling before release, and
the introduction of air into the molten ABS.
The challenge was to create a device that could perform high-speed quality control at two
critical points: 1. check the raw ABS granules at the point of delivery to the from the silos to
the moulds for correct size, uniformity of size, color, and moisture content, and for the
presence of any foreign matter; and 2. check the cooled ABS pieces for correct size and
shape, correct color, and a properly brilliant, reflective, and unmarred surface. Further, the
device must render objective numerical values for evaluative criteria.
> PREVIOUS EXPERIENCE
The previous method was vigorous, but subjective and inefficient. Supplied bulk ABS
granules were examined visually upon delivery. Human inspectors stationed at the conveyer
belts checked a random sample of the output of the moulds to eliminate significant
variations in color, shape, surface gloss, or thickness.
> THE SOLUTION
Phenostruktursensorik adapted the VISpION system to examine both raw granules and
finished brick elements traveling under the optical sensor at a speed of 2.06 km/hr.
A halogen white-light illumination bundle was positioned at 45 degrees to the surface plane
of the moving subject material, to maximize contrast, and transmitted through a spherical
lens. The receiving element, which was a phototransistor with four aperatures, was
positioned at 90 degrees. The focal distance of both was 30mm. After fractal computation,
correlation, and setting of parameters, the VISpION analytical software was able to
accurately evaluate color, shape, gloss, and humidity in real time, and to assign numerical
values to these qualities. Non-conforming occurrences were indicated on screen, and a
signal was sent to a warning device.
