Central nervous system questions.

8. 1.Memory
A. Memory is localized in both hemispheres
B. Papez circuit is not impairtant for transmission short-term memory to long-term memory
C. Long-term memory is continual nearly activety that travels around the circuits of reverberating
neurons
D. All structures of the CNS have the same importance for working memory
2.the basal ganglia
A. Caudate circuit; cortex- nucleus caudatus- globus pallidus, subthalamus- thalamus nuclei-
cortex
B. Subthalamus and substantia nigra are also involved in caudate circuit
C. Lesions of the putamen lead to rigidity, akinesia and tremors
D. Nucleus caudatus plays a major role in cognitive control of motor activity
3.preganglial fibers of the cranial parasympathetic are present in:
A. 5 cranial nerves
B. 2 carnial nerves
C. 3 cranial nerves
D. 4 cranial nerves
4. Wernicke’s area is located in
A. Prefrontal association areas
B. The posterior part of the superior gyrus of the temporal lobe
C. The posterior part of the superior gyrus of the parietal lobe
D. Parieto-occipitotemporal cortex
5. Tractus rubrospinalis
a.transmits information from motor area of the brain cortex and from cerebellum
b. Mediates the influence of reticular formation on the proprioreceptive reflexes
c. Mediates the influence of the visual and auditory receptors on the neck muscle tone and
mediates visual and auditory orientation reflexes
d. Transmits impulses via ncl. Olivae from cerebellum, striatum, brain cortex for the spinal reflexes.
It shares in the coordination of the voluntary and involuntary movements
6.synaptic delay in somatic neurons is
A. 10 ms
B. The minimal period of the time required for all events in synapses
C. The longest period of time required for all events in synapses
D. More than 1 ms
7. Sympathetic reaction is not:
A. Redistribution of blood flow toward skilletal muscle
B. Increased breathing rate with dilation of airways
C. Increased cardia output and blood pressure
D. Increased secretion of insulin and digestive juices
8. The preganglionic fibers of autonomic nerveus system are
A. Adrenergic
B. Gabaergic
C. Glutamatergic
D. Cholinergic
9. When the cerebellum is damagethe following appears
A. Chorea
B. Aphasia
C. Agnosia

9. D. Dysarthria
10.trapping the patellar tendon with a reflex hammer produces a brief contraction of the knee
extensors.what is the cause of the muscle contraction?
a.muscle spindle unloading
B. Golgy tendon organ response
C. Elastic rebound of the muscle connective tissue
d. Muscle spindle activation
11.what is the location of the primary motor area of the cerebral cortex?
A. Superior temporal lobe
B. Upper parietal lobe
C. Postcentral gyrus
D. Precentral gyrus
12. The simplest manifestation of muscle spindle function is
A. The muscle stretch reflex
B. The withdrawal reflex
C. The flexor reflex
D. The crossed extensor reflex

10. 13. What are the common features wakefulness and REM sleep?
Sleeping spinle
Quick movements of the eye
Theta rhythm in EEG
Beta rhythm in EEG
14. Golgi tendon bodies:
Respond primarly to the tension of muscle during isotonic relaxation
Cause the reflex contraction
Respond primarly to the the tension of muscle during contraction
Send information to the hypothalamus
15. Which of the following does not belong to the basal ganglia?
Substantia nigra
Putamen
Thalamus
Globus patidus
16. Which brainstem-derived descending tract produces action similar to the corticospinal tract?
Reticolospinal
Vestbulospinal
Rubrospinal
Spinocenebeliar
17. Increased sphincter tone provides:
Sensitive nervation
Motor inervation only
Sympathetic system
Parasympathetic system
18. Long term memory results from:
Actual structural changes
Nerve signal that travel around a circuit of reverberating neurons
Parasynaptic inhibition
Parasynaptic ______
Globus palidus
Subthalamic nudeus
Substanta nigra
Thalamus
20. Reticular activating system:
Is not affected by stimulation of nociceptors
Is not affected by stimulation of proprioreceptors

11. Serotonin blocks sonic effect of RAS in brain cortex
21. Conversion of short-term memory into long-term memory is:
Consolidation
Communication
Confirmation
Cooperation
22. A disease that produces decreased inhibitory input to the internal segment of the globus pallidus
should have what effect on the motor area of the cerebral cortex?
Increased excitatory feedback directly to the cortex
Decreased excitatory output from the thalamus to the cortex
Increased excitatory output from the putamen to the cortex
No effect
23. Auditory information is relayed through which thalamic nucleus?
Ventral posteriolater
Ventral posteriomedial
Medial geniculate
Lateral geniculate
24. True statement:
vagus nerves release epinephrine at the vagal endings
epinephrine binds to acetylcholine receptors
norepinephrine binds to adrenergic receptors
norepinephrine binds to muscarinic receptors
25. Memory:
Molecular mechanism of habituation is closure of calcium channels
Long term memory does not depend on physically restructuring the synapsis
Molecular mechanism of habituation is in block of potassium conductance
Short term memory is based on temporary chemical or physical changes of synapses
26. What are the two muscle proprioceptors?
Muscle spindles, Meissner corpuscles
Ruffini corpuscles, Muscle spindles
Muscle spindles, Golgi tendon organs
Meissner corpuscles, Golgi tendon organs
Increases blood flow to active muscles
Decreases mental activity
Decreases blood coagulation
Increases peristalsis and tone in gut

12. 28. Choose the correct statement:
The centre of the bicipital reflex is in segments C5-C6
The centre of the patellar reflex is in segments L1-L2
The centre of the Achilles tendon reflex is in segments L2-L3
The centre of the tricipital reflex is in segments C4-C5
29. Gamma motor neurons innervate:
Extrafusal muscle fibers
Intrafusal muscle fibers
Fast twich muscle fibers
Smooth muscle fibers
30. Nystagmus is present when the following anatomical structures are damaged:
Suprachiasmatic nuclei
Vestibular nuclei
Dorsal columns
Cochlear nuclei