HI MY NAME IS ABHAY KUMAR

1. REVISION OF 5TH
SEMESTER
Department of Humanities & Social Sciences

2. Verbal Ability is an important
part of placements as it is one
of the sections which comes in
written exams of various
companies.
Department of Humanities & Social Sciences

3. To recapitulate, what we studied in the previous semesters, lets have a look at the
topics that were covered :-
(4th Semester) (5th Semester)
A QUICK REVISION OF IMPORTANCE OF
VA IN PLACEMENTS
PRE ASSESSMENT
MODALS
CONDITIONAL SENTENCES
CONJUNCTIONS
MODIFIERS (SENTENCE STRUCTURE,
USES)
VOCABULARY BUILDING-ROOTS, ONE
WORD SUBSTITUTION, ANTYONYMS,
SYNONYMS, ANALOGIES
SENTENCE COMPLETION
SPOTTING ERRORS
IDIOMS AND PHRASES
READING COMPREHENSION,
TECHNIQUES AND PRACTICE
POST ASSESSMENT
INTRODUCTION TO VERBAL ABILITY/
IMPORTANCE OF VERBAL ABILITY
PRE ASSESSMENT
REVISION OF NOUNS, PRONOUNS
REVISION OF ADJECTIVES, VERBS
REVISION OF VERBS (in detail) & ADVERBS
SUBJECT VERB AGREEMENT
NOUN PRONOUN AGREEMENT
TENSES
Determiners and Articles
PREPOSITIONS
POST ASSESSMENT
Department of Humanities & Social Sciences

4. Let us revise
1 – MODALS
A modal is a type of auxiliary (helping) verb that is used to express possibility, permission, obligation or
ability. They are verbs that do not function as ‘Main verbs’, except in a few cases. These verbs are used to
form certain moods or to express certain conceptions of mind like ability (I can do it), possibility (It might
rain), permission (May I go), obligation (You must do your duty), etc. They do not change their forms
according to the number or person of the subject.
PRACTICE
She _______________ to lunch - she usually goes at this time.
must go
should go
should have gone
must have gone
Department of Humanities & Social Sciences

5. 2 – CONDITIONAL SENTENCES
Conditional sentences are statements discussing known factors or
hypothetical situations and their consequences.
There are four types of conditional sentences -
• ZERO CONDITIONALS
• FIRST CONDITIONALS
• SECOND CONDITIONALS
• THIRD CONDITIONALS
Department of Humanities & Social Sciences

6. Practice Questions-
1. If you work hard you .....................…
will succeed
would succeed
succeeds
2. If we hadn’t hired the taxi, we ..................... the train.
will miss
would miss
would have missed
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7. 3 – CONJUNCTIONS
Conjunctions are words that link other words, phrases, or clauses together.
Fill in the blanks with an appropriate conjunction -
1. You may come …………………………… you want.
whenever
ever
whatever
2. …………………………. I was not there, I could not meet him.
As
So
Though
3. She was late ………………………………. she could not watch the program.
so
because
as
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8. 4 – VOCABULARY
1. ROOT WORDS
2. ANTONYMS/SYNONYMS
3. ONE WORD SUBSTITUTION
4. ANALOGIES
5. IDIOMS AND PHRASES
Department of Humanities & Social Sciences

9. Practice -
Choose the word which conveys the OPPOSITE meaning for the given word -
OUTLANDISH
1. Quirky
2. Atypical
3. Conventional
4. Crotchety
5. None of these
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10. Choose the word which conveys the most SIMILAR meaning for the word -
Farcical
Serious
Absurd
Analytical
Lame
None of these
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11. Choose the pair of words that best represents a similar relationship to the one expressed in the original
pair of words.
MONK : DEVOTION
maniac : pacifism
explorer : contentment
visionary : complacency
rover : wanderlust
philistine : culture
Department of Humanities & Social Sciences

12. FIND OUT THE MEANING OF THE GIVEN IDIOM -
To have an axe to grind
A private end to serve
To fail to arouse interest
To have no result
To work for both sides
Department of Humanities & Social Sciences

13. 5 – SENTENCE COMPLETION
Sentence completions test the skill to use the information observed in complex and
incomplete sentences in order to correctly complete them. It tests a candidate’s
vocabulary and skill to follow the logic of sentences. These sentences are often quite
complex.
Question -
At nearly 450 pages, the novel is____ : the author does not often resist the
temptation to finish off a chapter, section, or even paragraph with some unnecessary
flourish.
• complex
• Prolix
• Educational
• explicit
Department of Humanities & Social Sciences

14. 6 – SPOTTING ERRORS
Spotting errors are asked in verbal reasoning. You need to spot the errors in
sentences that are grammatically incorrect. This error can be anything. From noun
to pronoun to singular/plural to word usage, any grammatical error can be asked in
Spotting Error Questions.
Question -
Find out whether there is any grammatical error in the sentence below -
A. Several issues raising
B. in the meeting could
C. be amicably resolved
D. due to his tactful handling.
E. No Error
Department of Humanities & Social Sciences

15. 7- Reading Comprehension
Reading comprehension is an integral part of any competitive/
placement examination. It involves interpreting sentences and
finding out the answers to questions that are based on the
passage. It checks the candidate’s ability to read, understand and
answer the given questions in a specific time limit.
Department of Humanities & Social Sciences

16. READING COMPREHENSION PRACTICE -
All mammals feed their young. Beluga whale mothers, for example, nurse their calves for some twenty months, until they are
about to give birth again and their young are able to find their own food. The behavior of feeding of the young is built into the
reproductive system. It is a non elective part of parental care and the defining feature of a mammal, the most important thing that
mammals-- whether marsupials, platypuses, spiny anteaters, or placental mammals -- have in common.
But not all animal parents, even those that tend their offspring to the point of hatching or birth, feed their young. Most egg-
guarding fish do not, for the simple reason that their young are so much smaller than the parents and eat food that is also much
smaller than the food eaten by adults. In reptiles, the crocodile mother protects her young after they have hatched and takes
them down to the water, where they will find food, but she does not actually feed them. Few insects feed their young after
hatching, but some make other arrangement, provisioning their cells and nests with caterpillars and spiders that they have
paralyzed with their venom and stored in a state of suspended animation so that their larvae might have a supply of fresh food
when they hatch. For animals other than mammals, then, feeding is not intrinsic to parental care. Animals add it to their
reproductive strategies to give them an edge in their lifelong quest for descendants. The most vulnerable moment in any animal's
life is when it first finds itself completely on its own, when it must forage and fend for itself. Feeding postpones that moment until
a young animal has grown to such a size that it is better able to cope. Young that are fed by their parents become nutritionally
independent at a much greater fraction of their full adult size. And in the meantime, those young are shielded against the vagaries
of fluctuating of difficult-to-find supplies. Once a species does take the step of feeding its young, the young become totally
dependent on the extra effort. If both parents are removed, the young generally do no survive.
Department of Humanities & Social Sciences

17. Questions
1. What does the passage mainly discuss?
(A) The care that various animals give to their offspring.
(B) The difficulties young animals face in obtaining food.
(C) The methods that mammals use to nurse their young.
(D) The importance among young mammals of becoming independent.
2. The author lists various animals in line 5 to
(A) contrast the feeding habits of different types of mammals
(B) describe the process by which mammals came to be defined
(C) emphasize the point that every type of mammal feeds its own young
(D) explain why a particular feature of mammals is nonselective
3. The word "tend" in line 7 is closest in meaning to
(A) sit on (B) move (C) notice(D) care for
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18. As we have revised the previously covered topics of
Verbal Ability, let us now start with the 6th semester
and take our placement preparation one step
ahead.
THANK YOU!
HAPPY LEARNING!
Department of Humanities & Social Sciences