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1. Settlement Geography
Theme 2
Human Settlements
GR3BFET

2. Settlement
– Settlement - a permanent collection of buildings and inhabitants
– A collection of buildings where people live and work

3. 1. Origins of Settlements (Reasons)
– Religious - graves, churches, temples
– Cultural - schools, libraries
– Political/Military - leader’s house, walls
– Economic - stores, food

4. These are Both Settlements

5. 2. Types of Settlements
– Rural Settlements - agriculture as the predominant occupation.
– Urban settlements - principal industries are secondary and tertiary.

6. 3. Classification & Organisation
of Settlements
Classification by:
 Pattern
 Size
 Housing Density &
 Function

7. 3.1 Pattern
i. Agglomerated/
Nucleated
ii. Linear
iii. Dispersed

8. Dispersed
• Extensive Farming
• Individual Cultivation
• Pastoral Cultivation
• New History
• Low Density
Agglomerated
• Intensive Farming
• Communal Cultivation
• Crop Cultivation
• Long History
• High Density
3.1 Pattern

9. 3.2 Size, Housing Density &
Function
Size and housing density are used together with settlement functions to classify
settlements into major categories i.e. Rural and Urban.
 Rural settlements are often small in size and have low housing and population
densities.
 Urban settlements are larger in size and have many houses built close together.

10. 3.2 Size, Housing Density &
Function
Urban Cities
Conurbation (Megalopolis)
Towns
Rural
Villages
Hamlets
Isolated Farmhouse
https://steemit.com/geography/@d
onfelix/classifying-settlements

12. 4. Geographic Perspective of
Settlements
 Geographers are interested in the patterns of settlements and the
interrelationship of settlements
 How do the patterns of settlements explain human culture?

14. 5. Rural Settlements
 What is the Significance of Rural Settlements?
 Characteristics of Rural Settlements?
~ Rely on primary activities
~ Intimate relation with the nature
~ Less mobile
~ Friendly
~ Morphology

15. Historical Development
Settlement: Rural Settlements Urban Settlements
Intensive Farming → Larger Villages
Extensive Farming → Smaller Villages
Plentiful Resources→ Larger
Scarce Resources → Smaller
Economy: Primary → Secondary → Tertiary

17. 5.1 Location
* Water Supply
* Dry Land
* Shelter & Outlook
* Commuting
* Trade & Transport
* Defense

18. 5.2 Distribution
Cluster Random Regular Cluster Linear

19. – Clustered rural settlements
– Grouped settlements in rural areas to minimize travel

20. – Dispersed Rural Settlements
– Isolated farms with enclosed continuous fields

21. 5.3 Form
~ Village Form
* Cluster / Agglomerated
* Fragmented
* Linear
* Open space
*Double

22. Basic settlement forms

23. Task:
 Create a comparison chart between urban and rural settlements
 5 Differences
 https://keydifferences.com/difference-between-urban-and-
rural.html#Definition
 In Class Activity