PPT EXPLAINS THE CONCEPT OF ECOTOXICOLOGY SCOPE OF ECOTOXICOLOGY PRINCIPLE OF ECOTOXICOLOGY TYPES OF TOXIC SUBSTANCES BIO-CHEMICAL BASIC TOXICITY RECEPTOR MEDIATED TOXICITY TYPES OF TOXICITY SIGMOID RELATIONSHIP CURVE COROLLARY OF TOXICOLOGY ECOLOGICAL FACTORS AFFECTING TOXICITY THANK YOU

1. Name:- Shaikh Aqsa Rafique Ahmed.
PRN No.:-20180116401476131
Class:-MSC EVS Part II
Topic Name:-Basic Concepts of Eco-Toxicology.
Paper Title & Code:-PSEVS 303- Environmental
Toxicology.
Subject In-Charge:-Ms.Asba Ansari.
Date:-24-11-2022
Signature:-
V.P.M. ‘S.B.N. BANDOKAR COLLEGE OF
SCIENCE
(AUTONOMOUS)THANE (W)
Department of Environmental Science
Internal Examination October-2022

2. ENVIRONMENTAL
TOXICOLOGY

3. BASIC
CONCEPTS OF
ECO
TOXICOLOGY

4. What is Eco Toxicology??
Ecotoxicology is the study
of the effects
of toxic chemicals on biologic
al organisms, especially at
the population, community, ec
osystem,
and biosphere levels.
Ecotoxicology is a
multidisciplinary field, which
integrates toxicology and
ecology.

5. Ecotoxicology is an international journal
devoted to the publication of fundamental
research on the effects of toxic chemicals on
populations, communities and terrestrial,
freshwater and marine ecosystems. It aims to
elucidate mechanisms and processes whereby
chemicals exert their effects on ecosystems and
the impact caused at the population or
community level.
Scope of Eco-Toxicology

6. Among its primary interests are the
assessment of toxic substances in
the environment, the monitoring of
environments for the presence of
toxic substances, the effects of
toxins on biotic and abiotic
components of ecosystems, and the
metabolism and biological and
environmental fate of toxins.
Principle of Eco-Toxicology

7. Types of Toxic Substance
Degradeable
• Organic chemicals that are toxic to humans
and to the environment can be transformed
and metabolized by a variety of
microorganisms.
• Such chemicals include
Trichloroethylene, chloroform, carbon
tetrachloride, toluene, phenols, chlorinated
phenols, polychlorinated biphenyls and
polyaromatic hydrocarbons.
Non-Degradeable
• Non-Biodegradable materials are substances
that cannot be decomposed or broken down by
microorganisms and other living organisms
rather leading to pollution.
• Non-Biodegradables are generally
Inorganic wastes like
plastic bags, cans, bottles, chemicals.

8. The toxicity of a substance usually
depends on the following factors:
1) Form and innate chemical activity
2) Dosage, especially dose-time relationship
3) Exposure route
4) Species
5) Life stage, such as infant, young adult, or elderly adult
6) Gender
7) Ability to be absorbed
8) Metabolism
9) Distribution within the body
10) Excretion
11) Health of the individual, including organ function and
pregnancy, which involves physiological changes that could
influence toxicity
12) Nutritional status
13) Presence of other chemicals

9. As a consequence of the binding of
the receptor to the toxicant there is
a biochemical effect. A common
example of a biochemical effect
occurs when a toxicant binds to an
enzyme such that the bound
enzyme may be inhibited from
carrying out its normal function.
Bio-Chemical Basis Toxicity
Mechanism of Toxicity

10. Receptor Mediated Toxicity

11. Types of Toxicity
Acute Toxicity
• Acute toxicity refers to those adverse
effects occurring following oral or
dermal administration of a single dose
of a substance, or multiple doses given
within 24 hours, or an inhalation
exposure of 4 hours.
• An example of acute toxicity relates to
the over consumption of alcohol and
“hangovers”.
Chronic Toxicity
• Chronic toxicity is generally thought
of as frequent exposures where effects
may be delayed (even for years) and
are generally irreversible. Chronic
toxicity can also result in acute
exposures, with long term chronic
effects. An example of chronic toxicity
relates to cigarette smoking and lung
cancer.

12. SIGMOID RELATIONSHIP CURVE

13. COROLLARY OF TOXICOLOGY

14. Ecological Factors Affecting Toxicity
• Of all the environmental factors of the aquatic medium, the
water temperature greatly affects the toxicity of xenobiotic
chemicals. An increase in water temperature increases the
solubility of many substances, alters the chemical structure
of some toxicants and also lowers the dissolved oxygen
content of water.
• The pH of the medium also affects toxicity of chemicals. The
pH of water may have greater effects on the toxicity of
chemicals that can ionize under the influence of pH.

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