2. A trade barrier is an obstacle to
(or something that stops) trade
The most common barriers to trade are tariffs,
quotas, and nontariff barriers.
3.
4.
5.
6. Directly affect the prices of goods traded
Also called Duty or tax levied on goods traded
internationally.
Most common type of trade control
Specific duty; Ad – Valorem duty; Compound duty.
Tariff Barriers
7. Import tariffs: Collected by importi
country
Export tariffs: Collected by exportin
country
Transit tariffs: Collected by the cou
through which the goods have pass
Types of tariffs
8. Non Tariff Barriers
May directly affect either price
or quantity of goods traded internationally.
9. Types of Non – Tariff Barriers
Subsidies: Direct assistance to companies, making them
more competitive.
Tied Aids: Loans to other countries, a part of which is
spend in donor country. E.g. Infrastructure,
telecommunication.
Minimum sale price: Goods sold at a price set by
authorities after clearances.
10. Quotas: Limiting the quantity of goods imported or
exported at a given time frame.
Embargoes: Prohibits all forms of trade from a country
or a category of goods.
Buy – Local: Favoring domestic producers or goods of
local origin.
Specific Permissions: import or export