Pakistan Studies

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Department of History & PakistanStudies,UoG
Separation of East Pakistan
TheLanguageControversy:
 LinguaFranca,Urdu in Arabicand Hindiin Devnagri
 1888 Govt. inquiry,Muslimpreferred.
 1935 EducationAdvisory Committee referredUrduas LinguaFrancain Bengal.
 During20th century,Bengaligained peak as sourceof literary expression.
 BengaliMinistercalled for EducationalConference.
 EducationAdvisory Board taught Bengaliin Arabic.
 InterimReport of Basic PrinciplesCommittee:Urdu as National language.
 AghaKhan,Urduassociated with MuslimLeague’s downfall.
 Provincial MuslimLeague recommendedBengalibut Constituentassemblycalled
it Communist inspired.
Representationin Services:
 1 Bengaliamong 83 Civil ServiceOfficers.
 Central Govt. conspicuouspostings.
 In BengaliConstituentassembly,noBengalion key posts.
EconomicGrievances:
 East Pakistanproduced70% Jute but had no mills.
 Non-Bengalismonopolized theJute trade.
 West Pakistanexploiters.

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 Provincial Committeedemandedabolition of Jute Board and Nationalizationbut
Central Govt. took no action.
 Disputeover Revenues b/w Centreand Provinces.
 Provincial leadershipdemandedfullProvincial autonomy.
Theemergenceof New PoliticalParties:
 East PakistanAwamiMuslimLeague.
 Ganatantri-Dal(GDDemocratic Party)
 Youth League
 KarishikSramikParty(PeasantWorker Party)
 Nizam-i-Islam Party
 Khilafat-i-RabbaniParty(Divine Sovereignty)
Suppressionof Political Activities:
Mujib-ur-Rehman’s 6 Points
It should be Federal Pakistan,on thebasis of LahoreResolution and ParliamentaryForm
of Govt.
Federal Govt. shouldonly deals with Defenseand Economic affairs.
Provincesshould have Tax levyingpowers.
Establishmentof separateMilitiaof East Pakistan.
Two regions as East & West Pakistanestablishtradelinkswith foreigncountries with
separateaccounts.
Differentcurrency,a separatebankingreserveand separateFiscal and Minoritypolicy
for East Pakistanor for Province.