3. RFID
RFID = Radio Frequency Identification
Electronic labeling and wireless identification of objects using radio
frequency
Tag carries with its information
 a serial number
 Model number
 Color or any other imaginable data
When these tags pass through a field generated by a compatible reader,
they transmit this information back to the reader, thereby identifying the
object

4. RFID COMPONENTS
A basic RFID system consists of these components:
 A programmable RFID tag/inlay for storing item data;
 Consisting of an RFID chip for data storage
 an antenna to facilitate communication with the RFID chip
A reader/antenna system to interrogate the RFID inlay
Application software and a host computer system

5. RFID TAG
The RFID tag consists of an integrated circuit (IC) embedded in a thin film
medium.
Information stored in the memory of the RFID chip is transmitted by the
antenna circuit embedded in the RFID inlay via radio frequencies, to an
RFID reader
3 types
 Passive
 Semi-passive
 Active

6. TYPES OF RFID TAGS
Active Tags Semi-passive Tags Passive Tags
• Use a battery • Contain built-in • Derive their power from
• communicate over batteries to power the the field generated by
distances of several chip’s circuitry, resist the reader
meters interference and • without having an
circumvent a lack of active transmitter to
power from the reader transfer the information
signal due to long stored
distance.
• They are different from
active tags in that they
only transmit data at
the time a response is
received

7. APPLICATIONS
Frequency of RFID tags in different applications
Frequency Appx. Read Data Speed Cost of Tags Application
Range
Low Frequency <5cm Low High • Animal Identification
(125kHz)
(passive) • Access Control
High Frequency 10 cm – 1m Low to Medium to Low • Smart Cards
(13.56 Mhz) Moderate
(passive) • Payment (paywave)
Ultra High 3m -7m Moderate to Low • Logistics and Supply
Frequency (433, High Chain
868-928 Mhz) (passive)
• Baggage Tracking
Microwave (2.45 10m -15m High High • Electronic toll collection
& 5.8 Ghz) (Autotoll)
(passive)
• Container Tracking
20m – 40m
(active)

8. CURRENT APPLICATIONS
Application Segment Representative Competitive Technologies Current Typical Tag Type
Applications Penetration
Access Control Doorway entry Other keyless entry High Passive
technologies
Asset Tracking Locating tractors within None Low Active
a freight yard
Asset Tagging Tracking corporate Bar Code Low Passive
computing systems
Authentication Luxury goods Holograms Low Passive
counterfeit prevention
Baggage Tracking Positive bag matching Bar Code, Optical Character Low Passive
Recognition
POS Applications SpeedPass Credit Cards, Smart Cards, Medium Passive
Wireless Phones
SCM (Container Level) Tracking containers in GPS-based Systems Low Active
shipping terminals
SCM (Pallet Level) Tracking palletized Bar Code Minimal Active, Passive
shipments
SCM (Item Level) Identifying individual Bar Code Minimal Passive
items
Vehicle Identification Electronic toll collection Bar Code, License plate, Medium Active, Passive
reader systems
Vehicle Immobilizers Automotive ignition Other theft prevention High Passive
systems technologies

9. Credit Cards with RFID
(Paywave function)
Octopus (Smart Card)

10. Autotoll (Electronic toll collection)
Access Control

11. ONLINE SURVEY
Target: SME
Information: Opinion on RFID and its applications
Site:
 http://qtrial.qualtrics.com/SE/?SID=SV_9N5UPRZuyuWtsk4

12. SURVEY RESULT
Benefits of using RFID in different industries
Manufacturing Retailing Transportation Warehousing
4
4
4
4
3
3
2 2
2
1
1
1
1
1
0 0
0
0
Enhanced customer
satisfaction Improved efficiency
0 0
Increased inventory
turnover rate Reduced manpower
Reduced total cost

13. FURTHER DEVELOPMENT
In medical uses and library management

14. VIDEO

15. CONCLUSION
Positive
 RFID is a contactless reading technology and can read through other materials
 Hold more data than barcode does
 RFID tags data can be changed or added
 More effective, bring lots of convenience to us
Negative
 Cost is relatively remain high (compare to barcode)
 RFID signals may have problems with some materials
 RFID standards are still being developed