CSR_Module5_Green Earth Initiative, Tree Planting Day
The British Rule In India
1.
2.
3.
4. It wasn’t a sudden process
◦Began in 1750s
◦Took full control in 1857
The East India Company
Took over from the declining Mughal
Empire
A trading relationship at first
5.
6. Began to take over tax of people
◦Used the same system as the Mughal
empire
Promised “protection”
In 1850: 300,000 men in army.
◦Only 50,000 were British
100,000 British rule 200 million Indians
21. Landlords were allowed to own
the land. They had to pay fixed
revenues to the British
So some landlords were loyal to
the British
Champeneer village
22.
23. 1919, massacre
1920, Gandhi’s first satyagraha.
Designed to make the British rule
in India non-functional through a
complete non-violent boycott
Many were jailed by the British
Cancelled due to violence
24. “No country has ever risen without being
purified through the fire of suffering.
Mother suffers so her child may live. The
condition of wheat-growing is that the grain
shall perish. Life comes out of death. Will
India rise out of her slavery without
fulfilling this eternal law of purification?”
--
Mahatma Gandhi
25. Harbor no anger, but suffer the anger of the
opponent. Do not return assaults
Do not submit to an order given in anger
Refrain from insults and swearing
Protect the opponents from insult or attack,
even at the risk of life
If taken prisoner, behave in an exemplary
manner
Obey the orders of the satyagraha
leaders
26. Negotiation and arbitration
Preparation of the group for direct action
Agitation
Issuing an ultimatum
Economic boycott and forms of strike
Non-cooperation
Civil Disobedience
Usurping the functions of the government
Parallel Government
27. According to law, the British had a
monopoly on the manufacture and sale
of salt.
Indians were arrested if they tried to
make salt.
Gandhi directly defied British law and
marched to the ocean to collect salt.
28. Before embarking on civil disobedience and
taking the risk I have dreaded to take all these
years, I would fain approach you and find a
way out. . . . Whilst , therefore, I hold the
British rule to be a curse, I do not intend harm
to a single Englishman or to any legitimate
interest he may have in India. . . . And why do
I regard the British rule as a curse?
29. It has impoverished the dumb millions by a
system of progressive exploitation and by a
ruinously expensive military and civil
administration which the country can never
afford.
It has reduced us politically to serfdom. It has
sapped the foundation of our culture. And, by
the policy of cruel disarmament, it has
degraded us spiritually.
30. The British system seems to be designed to crush
the very life out of the Indian farmer. Even the salt
he must use to live on is so taxed as to make the
burden fall heaviest on him. The drink and drug
revenue, too, is derived from the poor. If the weight
of taxation has crushed the poor from above, the
destruction of the central supplementary industry,
i.e., hand-spinning, has undermined their capacity
for producing wealth. . .
31. If you cannot see your way to deal with
these evils and my letter makes no appeal
to your heart, I shall proceed with such co-
workers of the Ashram as I can take, to
disregard the provisions of the salt laws.
32.
33.
34. According to Kipling, and in your own words,
what was the "White Man’s Burden"?
What reward did Kipling suggest the "White
Man" gets for carrying his "burden"?
Who did Kipling think would read his poem?
What do you think that this audience might
have said in response to it?
How do you feel about the poem? If you were a
citizen of a colonized territory, how would you
respond to Kipling?
