Rising Above_ Dubai Floods and the Fortitude of Dubai International Airport.pdf
Southeast Asia and Korea
1.
2. Southeast Asian influences have been affecting regions of the world
throughout history. Ever since a particular time, beginning around the
year 900 A.D., nations have prospered because of its intellectual
successes.. However, its geography never allowed these parts to unite
either culturally or politically. Two dominating ones included India
and China, which largely affected the other societies’ way of life. The
Khmer Empire was another propitious example of the effects of this
time period. Auspicious trade linked the various nations. Especially
the islands, such as Borneo, Java, edifyingly benefited. Under Chinese
rule for a thousand years, Vietnam retained many of its customs.
These connected kingdoms all helped each other grow stronger.
3. • Divided all parts of Southeast Asia
• Seas/straits separate islands
• Rivers divide mainland
• Hills/mountains make land travel difficult
• Monsoon winds bring long rains
• Allow for successful trade routes which link nations and
cultures together
4. • Missionaries spread faiths
-Buddhism
-Hinduism
• Kingdoms across the region were modeled based on Indian political
ideas
• Southeast Asian poets wrote long, elegant poems in India’s ancient
language of Sanskrit
-Art
-Language
-Hindu practices
5. • Because of trade and migration, Chinese culture and ideas spread
throughout
- Examples: Japan, Korea, Vietnam
• Exerted strong political authority over many different parts of the
mainland of Southeast Asia
- Through direct rule
- By demanding tributes from local rulers
- Examples: Vietnam, Korea
6. • Khmer Empire - in Cambodia, main power on Southeast Asian mainland
for centuries
• Dominated sea trade between India and China
• Expanded state into an empire at expense of neighboring kingdoms
• Irrigation systems and waterways improved rice cultivation; helped the
Khmer become prosperous
• Capital at Angkor
• Angkor Wat - is a city and temple complex and was built as symbolic
mountain dedicated to the Hindu god Vishnu
7. • Sailendra Dynasty ruled an
agricultural kingdom on island of
Java
• Buddhist temple at Borobudur is a
monument left by Sailendra kings;
built around 800
• Sailendra Dynasty fell to island
empire of Srivijaya
• Srivijaya Empire at its height in 7th
to 13th centuries
• ruled Strait of Malacca and other
waters around islands of Sumatra,
Borneo and Java
• grew wealthy by taxing trade that
passed through its waters
• capital at Palembang, on Sumatra
• Palembang became great center of
Buddhist learning
8. • Vietnamese were the least
influenced by India out of the
people in Southeast Asia
• Located in coastal region south of
China
• Fell under Han Dynasty (Chinese)
around 100 B.C.
• Became independent in 939 after
China’s Tang Dynasty weakened in
the early 900s
• Absorbed many Chinese cultural
influences such as Buddhism but
maintained independence and kept
own cultural identity
• Rulers of Ly Dynasty from
1009-1225 established capital at
Hanoi on the Red River delta
• Expanded Vietnam by conquering
neighboring people in south
• Mongols tried conquering Vietnam
by capturing Hanoi 3 times (1257,
1285, 1287) but Vietnamese forced
them to withdraw
9. Southeast Asia was influenced greatly by
China and India. Because of the regions’
isolation from each other, they all
developed differently and their cultures
varied. Some empires that developed in
these lands such as the Srivijayan
Empire, prospered due to taxing trades
that passed through their.
10. There have said to been many
legends as to how Korea came into
existence. One legend implied that
the hero Tan-gun founded Korea. I
is believed his mother was a bear
and his father a god. The other
legend implied that it was founded
by a descendant from the Shang
Dynasty . These two aspects explain
how Korea created its own distinct
culture, but adapted to Chinese
influences.
11. • Located on a Peninsula which sticks out from the Asian continent
pointing at Japan
• Hot in the summer
• Very cold in the winter
• Mountainous land
• Limited farming land
• Developed in isolation to neighbors
12. • Korea was united but lived as if separated because
different groups of people controlled different parts
of Korea.
• In 108 B.C., the Han empire ruled much of Korea
and during that time created a military government.
• During the period of Han rule, Korea became more
acquainted with the learning of centralized
government, ways of life (Buddhism and
Confucianism), and writing from the Chinese.
• During Han rule many of the Korean tribes who
controlled areas of Korea joined into federations,
and soon the federations became rival kingdoms
(Silla, Goguryeo, Baekje) who fought for control
over Korea
• In the mid-600s the victor was the Silla Kingdom
conquered all of Korea.
• During the Silla rule Koreans built Buddhist
monasteries, made sculptures out of bronze and
stone and created a writing system understandable
for Korea though still using Chinese way of life
after expelling the Chinese from the Silla Kingdom.
13. • Around 935, a rebel officer named Wang Kon gained
control of Korea and after called it Koryu which was the
origin of the modern name Korea.
• The Koryu Dynasty from 935 to 1392 which was four and a
half centuries.
• The Koryu Dynsaty created its centralized government
after China’s.
• Koryu created a Confucian civil service examination
system which determined who among the population would
be permitted to enter the state’s bureaucracy.
• During the Koryu Dynasty the society lived in social classes
because the wealthy nobles and aristocrats received better
positions in the than the poor and middle class.
• The wealthy noble’s huge estates left the poor with nothing
which led to rebellions in the 1100s.
• In 1231 the Mongols swept into Korea and during that time
the Mongols demanded supplies such as 20,000 horses,
clothing for 1 million soldiers, and artisan, children slaves.
• Finally in 1350’s Mongol’s rain ended.
• In 1392 a group of scholars created a new dynasty Choson
Dynasty because of the wealthy nobles ambitious acts
which drained and crippled most of Korea’s population.
14. • Artists created celadon pottery
(popular for green glaze)
• First national history of Korea and
poetry were written
• During a period of 60 years, they
carved thousands of big wood
blocks to print the entire canon of
Buddhist scriptures
• Set of blocks was destroyed by
Mongols, but then they rebuilt it
• Today, 81,000 blocks remain
15. The Koreans lived on a peninsula
and were in isolation with their
neighbors. In early Korea, they
learned many thins from the
Chinese such as centralized
government ideas, and different
philosophies taught in China.
During the period of the Koryu
Dynasty, a type of government was
established and many cultural
achievements were made.
