One in four winds up in jail within two years, studies have shown. As many as two in five find themselves homeless or "couch surfing" at the homes of friends or family members. "When they leave the system, they don't have any kind of safety net to fall back on," said Marci McCoy-Roth, spokeswoman for the Kids Are Waiting campaign, a project of The Pew Charitable Trusts. State and local officials have pushed for more money and new programs to help foster children strike out on their own, but, in a tight budget year, little help could be found. Foster teens, most abandoned or abused by their families, are used to that. But in Hilton's case, he had one thing going for him that many foster children never have: He'd had a taste of success -- and he'd found that he liked it.

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Foster teens
turning 18
face tough
road
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DAYTONA BEACH -- On the grassy football field last fall, Conrad
Hilton listened to the cheers and was able, for a few hours, to forget
his problems.
In just a few months, he would be 18, and on his own. No family. No
foster home. No place to go.
Just a modest monthly stipend and a crushing stack of expectations.
Find a place to live and work. Finish high school. Make something of
his life without the guiding hand of loving parents.
Hilton epitomizes the fate of many foster children who find
themselves scrambling when they turn 18, the age they are no longer
wards of the state and must leave their foster or group homes.
One in four winds up in jail within two years, studies have shown. As
many as two in five find themselves homeless or "couch surfing" at
the homes of friends or family members.
"When they leave the system, they don't have any kind of safety net
to fall back on," said Marci McCoy-Roth, spokeswoman for the Kids
Are Waiting campaign, a project of The Pew Charitable Trusts.
State and local officials have pushed for more money and new
programs to help foster children strike out on their own, but, in a tight
budget year, little help could be found.
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N-J | Nigel Cook | BUY THIS PRINT
Conrad Hilton shoots hoops at
the PAL Center in Daytona
Beach.

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Foster teens, most abandoned or abused by their families, are used
to that.
But in Hilton's case, he had one thing going for him that many foster
children never have: He'd had a taste of success -- and he'd found
that he liked it.
END OF CHILDHOOD
It began like any other school morning. Hilton, then 9, was brushing
his teeth when he walked around the corner and saw his mom
shaking on the bedroom floor.
He remembers watching his sister cry. Paramedics rushed in and
tried to revive his mother. Hilton and his little brother, dazed, walked
together to school.
"We saw the (ambulance) riding past us and it was rushing, so I knew
it was something real serious," he remembered.
Hilton's childhood was, effectively, over.
GOING IT ALONE
More than 50 local teens and about 800 statewide will turn 18 this
year and no longer be under the state's care. Nationally, experts
estimate more than 22,000 foster teens "age out" of care a year.
In the rest of society, more than half of 18- to 24-year-olds live with
one or two parents, said Mark Courtney, a faculty associate at The
Chapin Hall Center for Children at the University of Chicago. But
foster kids are expected to go it alone.
"That's not what parents do normally," said Courtney, noting that
Illinois allows foster teens to stay in care until they are 21. "These are
young people that have a lot of disadvantages. Educationally, over a
third are a year or more behind in school."
Florida lawmakers considered a bill that would have created a pilot
program in Miami-Dade County to allow foster teens to remain in
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foster care until they are 21, but the legislative session ended Friday
without its approval.
Bob Butterworth, secretary for the state Department of Children &
Families, agrees 18 is an arbitrary age, adding many don't even
graduate by then because "they've had too many bumps in their
lives."
He plans to continue to seek more funding and changes next year for
foster teens, and study how many former foster teens in Florida end
up homeless or in the criminal justice system.
TOUGH TIMES
After his mother's death, Hilton went to live with his dad for about five
years. The state Department of Children & Families removed him, he
said, because of abuse at home. He was 14.
The next four years were a blur of foster and group homes, split
among six high schools.
"When I went to bed every night, I would cry," he recalled. "It was so
hard for me to get used to the environment."
He found an escape in football, first at Atlantic High School and then
at Seabreeze when he was forced to move again.
"I've been through a lot of pain. I don't usually show it at all," said
Hilton, who at more than 6 feet tall and about 250 pounds played on
the defensive line for the Sandcrabs. "When I'm on the field, it's like
I'm a whole new person. That's the only way to channel out
everything.
"I'm not making money, but I know I'm making (the crowd) happy," he
said. "When I win it for them, it's a real good feeling. There's a joy in
their eyes."
The 10-3 Sandcrabs went as far as the state quarterfinals, but with
the season over and his birthday fast approaching, those who knew
Hilton worried how he would make it on his own.
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LOCAL HELP
For foster teens turning 18, there's often no one to teach them basic
survival skills like keeping a checkbook or renting their first
apartment, said Andrea Moore, executive director of Florida's
Children First, a statewide nonprofit children's advocacy group.
"Teaching that process is critical if these young people are going to
go from being victims of abuse to being survivors and productive
citizens," Moore said.
Locally, Children's Home Society teaches such life skills monthly.
Including this year, about 193 foster youths in Volusia and Flagler
counties ages 13 to 17 are learning those skills.
Florida United Methodist Children's Home, a group home in
Enterprise, is expanding its life skills program for younger teens and
also has a cottage that temporarily can house three youths over 18
who are having a hard time making it financially on their own.
Staff members hope in the future to expand that program to off-
campus apartments, add more jobs on campus for youths and
partner with agencies in the community. Many of the house parents
and staff continue to stay in touch with former residents, and the
home provides scholarships to help with college and other needs.
Community Partnership for Children, which provides foster care and
adoption services for the state, also recently started a program
providing ongoing mentoring services to foster teens before and after
they turn 18.
"Once they age out, they have no support whatsoever. They don't
have parents to ask questions to or rely on," said Jennifer Ferguson,
37, an independent financial advisor in Port Orange who is involved
in the mentoring program. "As a citizen of our community, we need to
be there for them."
'A TRIBUTE TO HIM'
In the end, Hilton had people who were there for him, too -- more
than he knew.
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Kerry Kramer, Seabreeze High School's assistant athletic director
and assistant football coach, worked with head coach Marc Beach
and Children's Home Society staff to help find Hilton work and a
place to live.
Now Hilton's living with his friend's grandparents in Daytona Beach.
Patricia Fountain said she counts Hilton as one of her own.
"I didn't want to see any child out on the street with no place to go,"
she said. "He just needs somebody who can encourage him and
keep him focused, and that's what I do. He wants to be on his own. I
say just wait, don't be in a rush. Stay in school and get a job."
With the $892 monthly stipend Hilton gets from the state because he
stayed in school, he's saving money while also helping with groceries
and chores at his new home. He hopes his grades are good enough
to graduate this month with a special education diploma. Then he
wants to go to a community college to get a general equivalency
diploma. He dreams of playing football at Florida A&M University, one
day becoming a child psychologist.
His coaches don't doubt he'll build on the success he's already found.
"He earned it. He didn't have anything handed to him," said Kramer,
the coach Hilton thinks of as a father figure. "He was trying to juggle
school, playing football and having a place to live and eat. Not a lot of
(teens) get dealt those kind of things. For him to come through it is a
tribute to him."
Odds Are Against Them
More than 50 local foster teens will have turned 18 from last July to
June, meaning they will no longer be under the state's care.
Statewide, 1,178 left foster care or "aged out" during the same
period. Nationally, the figure is more than 20,000. Leaving the system
isn't always a happy ending, as various studies have shown:· One in
four foster youths will be incarcerated within the first two years after
they leave the system.
· About 25 to 40 percent experience homelessness or significant
housing instability, including sleeping on friends couches.
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· About 58 percent of former foster youths had a high school degree
at age 19 compared to 87 percent of non-foster youths.
· Of former foster youths who were in care until they were 18 and are
now older than 25, fewer than 3 percent have their college degrees.
Giving back
ENTERPRISE -- Black eyeliner darkened her eyes. A black star
above her right cheek, a heavy metal T-shirt and large silver chains
echoed the anger and hid the fear Katrina McCormick felt inside.
She was 13 and had just arrived in a group home with strangers and
other foster children. She was angry at her parents and spent nights
plotting how she could run away.
"If I was really good, they'd let me go," she thought. And then she
realized: "Where would I go?"
Her parents, she said, had abandoned her and didn't want her living
at home.
So she made a new home.
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N-J | Chad Pilster | BUY THIS PRINT
Katrina McCormick is
embraced by Maritza Velez, a
house parent at Florida United
Methodist Children's Home in
Enterprise.

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Now 18 and a freshman at the University of Central Florida,
McCormick came back to the Florida United Methodist Children's
Home with a group of fellow college students for an alternative Spring
Break. Instead of lying out at the beach, the students spent the day
washing golf carts and setting up chairs for an event welcoming other
United Methodist churches. The rest of the week, they volunteered at
other Orlando-area organizations.
After seeing so many foster teens become pregnant, end up
homeless or on welfare, McCormick feels like one of the lucky ones.
She's majoring in political science/pre-law and wants to be an
adoption lawyer to help change laws. One idea she has is to allow
foster children to apply to the court to terminate their parents' rights if
they are in foster care for more than two years.
"Some of the things I went through I don't want to see happen to
another child," said McCormick, who promotes various child-abuse
prevention groups and animal rights on her MySpace page.
Many of the teens, officials at the group homes say, have been in
foster homes previously and have a hard time emotionally making
attachments after being moved around so much. They are often tired
of trying to get attached to families and often do better in group
settings with other children.
Julie Allen of Orange City is another product of the system who made
a place for herself in the group home.
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N-J | NAME | BUY THIS PRINT
Julie Allen visits son Brian
Allen while on a break from
training at the Children's
Home.

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With her long black hair and small frame, it's hard to tell Allen apart
from the other foster teens who live in the same cottage where Allen
spent her final teen years.
She now helps oversee them, and when Allen listens to their stories
of abuse, she pictures herself eight years ago facing the same
feelings of anger, abandonment and lost innocence.
"When you're abused, you feel you could have done something to
stop it," said Allen, who counsels the girls that the abuse wasn't their
fault so they can move forward. "You can make yourself into a
person. You don't have to grow up and not make anything of yourself
just because you were abused."
Allen, now 25 and married with a 2-year-old son, is an assistant
house parent, working alongside the same house parents who helped
her as a shy 16-year-old after the state removed her from her mom
and stepfather because of abuse at home.
"I had such a good experience (here), I wanted to help others that
were in the same predicament I was in," said Allen, who lived at the
group home until she was 18 and graduated from Deltona High
School.
In McCormick's case, the state removed her from her parents when
she was 13. It was supposed to be temporary while her parents faced
abandonment charges, she said. Later, her parents kept her in the
group home. A planned 18-month stay turned into five years, until she
turned 18. Because her parents' rights were never terminated, she
couldn't be adopted.
While at the children's home, she was hesitant to let anyone get
close. Yet she got involved in as many school and church activities as
she could and got a job at the children's home.
"I think, subconsciously, I was hurt, but it was a matter of survival,"
McCormick said. "I had to make the best of it while I was here. What
could I do? I was 13 and I was just waiting for five years. I was just
waiting to be 18."
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Over time, her Gothic shell peeled away. Her house parents, who
became like family, helped her shop for more colorful clothes.
"My self-esteem went up and my confidence level," McCormick said.
"The whole way I looked at things changed. (Staff and her house
parents) helped me be a nicer and humbler, giving person."
Maritza Velez and her husband, Michael, whom McCormick calls
"Mommita" and "Poppi," said they are "very proud" of her.
They helped McCormick as she moved into off-campus apartments
last year in Orlando. Like nervous parents, they went back a week
later to make sure she was OK. She's leaned on them, calling when
her fire alarm went off in the middle of the night or when she got into
her first fender-bender, they said.
"Even though she's gone, I'm glad she feels welcome here," Maritza
Velez said. "She's a fighter. She's going to make it. She really is."
deborah.circelli@news-jrnl.com
Legislative help
Foster teens miss out on many everyday opportunities because of
legal hurdles that only add to the burden they already face. Even
getting a driver's license becomes difficult without a parent or
guardian to sign paperwork.
A bill approved by lawmakers during the annual legislative session
that ended Friday would allow case workers to sign a foster teen's
license application without facing liability for any damages caused by
the teen driver.
The measure -- which still needs the governor's signature to become
law -- is just one way lawmakers have helped foster teens. Other bills
would:
· Establish a one-year pilot program in the Sarasota area to
reimburse foster parents, facilities and foster children for part of their
car insurance.
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· Increase the number of former foster youths who are eligible for
independent living services, including monthly financial aid, after they
are adopted or placed with a guardian after turning 16.
· Make it easier for foster teens to open their own bank accounts.
· Limit or even prohibit visitation rights for a parent or guardian
accused of sexual abuse.
· Create a Children and Youth Cabinet to improve policies and
services for children and families.
Advocates for foster teens didn't get everything they'd hoped for. A
"Bill of Rights" that among other things would give foster teens
access to their own records did not pass both chambers. They hope
the bill will be approved by the Legislature next year.
How to Help
Community Partnership for Children has a new mentor program for
adults willing to spend an hour a week with a youth 16 or 17 years
old to discuss and offer advice on educational goals and career
options.
Mentors must pass a background screening, drug screening and
fingerprint check.
Orientation is Thursday from 5:30 to 6 p.m. at 160 N. Beach St.,
Daytona Beach. For more information or to make a reservation, call
Nancy Graham, independent living/mentor coordinator, at (386) 238-
4846.
People interested in learning about adoption may call (386) 254-
3766.
deborah.circelli@news-jrnl.com
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