Quito is the capital city of Ecuador, located 16 miles south of the equator, with a population of over 2 million according to the 2010 census. The historic center of Quito, one of the largest and best preserved in the Americas, was declared a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1978 and features a central square marking the location of the equator. Quito has grown significantly from around 10,000 inhabitants in 1809 to over 2 million today.