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IP位址 49971015謝  蓉 49971037陳俊秀
IP位址(英語:Internet Protocol Address) 是一種在Internet上的給主機編址的方式,也稱為網際協定位址。常見的IP位址,分為IPv4與IPv6兩大類。
IPv4位址 目前我們使用的網路大部分仍是使用IPv4位址 由32位元二進制陣列成,例如: 	10001100011100000001111000010110 為便於使用,常以XXX.XXX.XXX.XXX形式表現,每組XXX代表小於或等於255的10進制數,例如140.112.30.22。 位址可分為A,B,C,D,E五大類,其中E類屬於特殊保留位址。 32位元
在網際網路中,IP位址是唯一的。目前IPv4最多可有約42億個。驟看可能覺得很難會用盡,但由於早期編碼上的問題,使很多編碼實際上被丟空或不能使用。加上網際網路的普及,使每個家庭都至少有一部電腦,連同公司的電腦,以及連線每個網路的伺服器。
IPv4位址的用盡 ,[object Object]
相應的科研組織已研究了128位元的IPv6,其IP位址數量最高可達 3.402823669 × 1038個。
屆時每個人家居中的每件電器,每件物件,甚至地球上每一粒沙子都可以擁有自己的IP位址。,[object Object]
RFC 2373 和RFC 2374定義的IPv6位址,有128位元長, 16個位元一組;IPv6位址的表達形式,一般採用32個十六進制數。
以下列方式表示之
1000:0000 :0000 :0000 :1234 :5648 :9ABC :DEF0
PS.RFC,是一系列以編號排定的檔案,[object Object]
在很多場合,IPv6位址由兩個邏輯部封包成:一個64位元的網路字首和一個64位元的主機位址,主機位址通常根據實體位址自動生成,叫做EUI-64(或者64-位擴充功能唯一標識),[object Object]
[object Object],  因此: 		2001:0DB8:02de::0e13 等價於 2001:DB8:2de::e13 ,[object Object],  因此: 	ffff:192.168.89.9        等價於: :ffff:c0a8:5909   不等價於: :192.168.89.9 和: :c0a8:5909 ffff:1.2.3.4格式叫做IPv4對應位址,是不建議使用的。
而::1.2.3.4格式叫做IPv4一致位址。 IPv4 位址可以很容易的轉化為IPv6格式。 舉例來說,如果IPv4的一個位址為135.75.43.52(十六進制為0x874B2B34),它可以被轉化為0000:0000:0000:0000:0000:0000:874B:2B34 或者::874B:2B34 同時,還可以使用混合符號(IPv4-compatible address),則位址可以為::135.75.43.52。

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Ip位址