Introduction to Ruby on Rails development with MVC architecture

Whatʼs Going On
• Introduction to Ruby
• Introduction to Rails
• Hands-on Lab
• Breaks interspersed

Perl
SmallTalk
Eiffel
Ada
+ Lisp
Ruby

5.times { print “We love Ruby” }

class Numeric
def plus(x)
self.+(x)
end
end

y = 5.plus 6
# y is now equal to 11

map.root :controller => ʻemployersʼ

Action HTTP Method URL XML
index GET /jobs /jobs.xml

show GET /jobs/1 /jobs/1.xml

new GET /jobs/new

edit GET /jobs/1;edit

create POST /jobs /jobs.xml

update PUT /jobs/1 /jobs/1.xml

destroy DELETE /jobs/1 /jobs/1.xml

The Project
• Employers
• Jobs

README
Rakeﬁle
app/
conﬁg/
db/
doc/
lib/
log/
public/
script/
test/
tmp/
vendor/

app/
controllers/
helpers/
models/
views/

development:
adapter: postgresql
encoding: unicode
database: jobby_development
pool: 5
username: root
password:

conﬁg/database.yml

development:
adapter: mysql
encoding: utf8
database: jobby_development
pool: 5
username: root
password:
socket: /tmp/mysql.sock

conﬁg/database.yml

map.connect ʻ:controller/:action/:idʼ

map.connect ʻ:controller/:action/:id.:formatʼ

conﬁg/routes.rb

script/generate model Employer

script/generate scaffold Employer
name:string
address:string
city:string
state:string
zipcode:string

exists app/models/
exists app/controllers/
exists app/helpers/
create app/views/employers
exists app/views/layouts/
exists test/functional/
exists test/unit/
create test/unit/helpers/
exists public/stylesheets/
create app/views/employers/index.html.erb
create app/views/employers/show.html.erb
create app/views/employers/new.html.erb
create app/views/employers/edit.html.erb
create app/views/layouts/employers.html.erb
create public/stylesheets/scaffold.css
create app/controllers/employers_controller.rb
create test/functional/employers_controller_test.rb
create app/helpers/employers_helper.rb
create test/unit/helpers/employers_helper_test.rb
route map.resources :employers
dependency model
exists app/models/
exists test/unit/
exists test/ﬁxtures/
create app/models/employer.rb
create test/unit/employer_test.rb
create test/ﬁxtures/employers.yml
create db/migrate
create db/migrate/20090501175821_create_employers.rb

app/models/employer.rb
db/migrate/20090...1_create_employers.rb
app/views/employers/index.html.erb
app/views/employers/show.html.erb
app/views/employers/new.html.erb
app/views/employers/edit.html.erb
app/views/layouts/employers.html.erb
public/stylesheets/scaffold.css
app/controllers/employers_controller.rb
app/helpers/employers_helper.rb
test/functional/employers_controller_test.rb
test/unit/helpers/employers_helper_test.rb
test/unit/employer_test.rb
test/ﬁxtures/employers.yml
route map.resources :employers

class CreateEmployers < ActiveRecord::Migration
def self.up
create_table :employers do |t|
t.string :name
t.string :address
t.string :city
t.string :state
t.string :zipcode
t.timestamps
end
end

def self.down
drop_table :employers
end
end

db/migrations/2009...create_employers.rb

map.root :controller => ʻemployersʼ

conﬁg/routes.rb

class Employer < ActiveRecord::Base
end


validates_presence_of :name
validates_length_of :city, :minimum => 3
end


http://localhost:3000/employers/new

# GET /employers
# GET /employers.xml
def index
@employers = Employer.all

respond_to do |format|
format.html # index.html.erb
format.xml { render :xml => @employers }
end
end


# GET /employers
# GET /employers.xml
def index
@employers = Employer.all

format.xml { render :xml =>
@employers }
end
end


<%=h employer.name %>


<%= link_to 'New employer', ... %>


edit_employer_path(employer)


app/views/layouts/employers.html.erb

# GET /employers/new
# GET /employers/new.xml
def new
@employer = Employer.new

format.html # new.html.erb
format.xml { render :xml => @employer }
end
end


app/views/employers/new.html.erb

# POST /employers
# POST /employers.xml
def create
@employer = Employer.new(params[:employer])

if @employer.save
ﬂash[:notice] = 'Employer was successfully created.'
format.html { redirect_to(@employer) }
format.xml { render :xml => @employer,
:status => :created, :location => @employer }
else
format.html { render :action => quot;newquot; }
format.xml { render :xml => @employer.errors, :status
=> :unprocessable_entity }
end
end
end


# GET /employers/1
# GET /employers/1.xml
def show
@employer = Employer.ﬁnd(params[:id])

format.html # show.html.erb
format.xml { render :xml => @employer }
end
end


app/views/employers/show.html.erb

# GET /employers/1/edit
def edit
end


app/views/employers/edit.html.erb

# PUT /employers/1
# PUT /employers/1.xml
def update

if @employer.update_attributes(params[:employer])
ﬂash[:notice] = 'Employer was successfully updated.'
format.html { redirect_to(@employer) }
format.xml { head :ok }
else
format.html { render :action => quot;editquot; }
format.xml { render :xml => @employer.errors,
:status => :unprocessable_entity }
end
end
end

# DELETE /employers/1
# DELETE /employers/1.xml
def destroy
@employer.destroy

format.html { redirect_to(employers_url) }
end
end


_form.html.erb

app/views/employers/_form.html.erb

app/views/employers/_form.html.erb

<%= render :partial => 'form' %>

<%= render :partial => 'shared/form' %>


app/controllers/employers_controller.erb

before_ﬁlter :ﬁnd_employer,
:only => [:show, :edit, :update, :destroy]


private
def ﬁnd_employer
end


script/generate scaffold Job
name:string
description:text

class CreateJobs < ActiveRecord::Migration
def self.up
create_table :jobs do |t|
t.integer :employer_id
t.string :name
t.text :description
t.timestamps
end
end

def self.down
drop_table :jobs
end
end
db/migrations/2009...create_jobs.rb

belongs_to
has_one
has_many
has_many :through
has_one :through
has_and_belongs_to_many

jobs employers
Model: Job Model: Employer
belongs_to :employer has_many :jobs
id integer id integer
employer_id integer name string
name string address string

employers jobs
Model: Employer Model: Job
has_one :job belongs_to :employer
name string employer_id integer
address string name string

employers jobs
Model: Employer Model: Job
has_many :jobs belongs_to :employer
name string employer_id integer
address string name string

physicians
Model: Physician
has_many :appointments
has_many :patients,
:through => :appointments
appointments
id integer
Model: Appointment
name string belongs_to :physician
belongs_to :patient

id integer
patients
physician_id integer
Model: Patient
patient_id integer
has_many :appointments
has_many :physicians,
:through => :appointments

id integer
name string

physicians
Model: Physician
has_and_belongs_to_many :patients

id integer physicians_patients
name string
physician_id integer
patients
patient_id integer
Model: Patient
has_and_belongs_to_many
:physicians

id integer
name string

class Job < ActiveRecord::Base
end

app/models/job.rb

class Job < ActiveRecord::Base
belongs_to :employer

validates_presence_of :description
end

app/models/job.rb

has_many :jobs

validates_length_of :city, :minimum => 3
end


map.resources :employers

map.resources :employers,
:has_many => :jobs

map.resources :jobs


before_ﬁlter :ﬁnd_employer

app/controllers/jobs_controller.rb

private
def ﬁnd_employer
@employer = Employer.ﬁnd(params[:employer_id])
end


# GET /jobs
# GET /jobs.xml
def index
@jobs = @employer.jobs

format.xml { render :xml => @jobs }
end
end


# GET /jobs/new
# GET /jobs/new.xml
def new
@job = Job.new
@job = @employer.jobs.build

format.html # new.html.erb
format.xml { render :xml => @job }
end
end


# POST /jobs
# POST /jobs.xml
def create
@employer = Employer.ﬁnd(params[:employer_id])
@job = @employer.jobs.build(params[:job])

if @job.save
ﬂash[:notice] = 'Job was successfully created.'
format.html { redirect_to employer_job_url(@employer, @job) }
format.xml { render :xml => @job, :status => :created, :location => @job }
else
format.html { render :action => quot;newquot; }
format.xml { render :xml => @job.errors, :status => :unprocessable_entity }
end
end
end


# GET /jobs/1
# GET /jobs/1.xml
def show
@job = @employer.jobs.ﬁnd(params[:id])

format.html # show.html.erb
format.xml { render :xml => @job }
end
end


# GET /jobs/1/edit
def edit
@job = @employer.jobs.ﬁnd(params[:id])
end


# PUT /jobs/1
# PUT /jobs/1.xml
def update
@job = Job.ﬁnd(params[:id])

if @job.update_attributes(params[:job])
ﬂash[:notice] = 'Job was successfully updated.'
format.html { redirect_to employer_job_url(@employer, @job) }
else
format.html { render :action => quot;editquot; }
format.xml { render :xml => @job.errors, :status
=> :unprocessable_entity }
end
end
end


# DELETE /jobs/1
# DELETE /jobs/1.xml
def destroy
@job = Job.ﬁnd(params[:id])
@job.destroy

format.html { redirect_to employer_jobs_url(@employer) }
end
end


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