From 2010, the Arab world faced a an uprising movement calling for Political freedom and Political change in the Arab world. Someone called these revolutionary events “Arab Spring,” and the phrase stuck. The specificity of these Arab revolutions is that they have been popular uprisings, leaderless and uncompromising in demanding total change. Why have the events in Tunisia, Egypt, Libya, Yemen, Syria, etc. followed such different paths? What are the long-term political, social, and economic ramifications of these revolutions? What are their intended and unintended consequences as countries across the region seek political and social reforms? What's the future of the Arab revolution with regard to the crucial issues of freedom, democracy, and fidelity to Islam, secularism, and tribal power? This work is not a self-minded work, i have reviewed the work of many writers and gave what i think is helpful to understand the phenomenon.

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• LYBIA

16. “I have added no comment to this slide. I left it blank expressly for you to think
and share your opinion. Was the Arab Spring a civil revolution or an
International plot for regimes changes in the Arab world? Was it an imperialist
war? I know you have enough to say” Richie

17.  Between certainties…
 …And uncertainties

18. Between certainties...

19. ... And uncertainties

30. BIOGRAPHY
Gilbert Achor, Retour sur le printemps Arabe, 2012.
Mounir Bensalah, Réseaux sociaux et révolution Arabe, 2013.
Robert Springborg, Family power and Politics, 1982.
Albert Hourani, Beginning of modernization in the Middle East
Hanna Batatu, The old social classes and Revolutionary in Iraq, 1978
Michael Walzer, The revolutionnary of the saint, 1966.
James E. Alt, The encyclopedia of Political science.
Samir AMIN, Le Monde arabe dans la longue durée : le “printemps” arabe ? /. – Paris : Le
Temps des CERISES, 2011. – 251 p. ; 20 cm.-
Michaël Béchir Ayari, Vincent GEISSER, Renaissances arabes : 7 questions clés sur des
révolutions en marche – Ivry-sur-Seine : Ed. De L’ATELIER, 2011. – 159 p. ; 22
Jamil Sayah, Anthoniy Galabov (dir.), Participations et citoyennetés depuis le printemps
arabe, Paris, L’Harmattan, coll. « Local & Global », 2012, 232 p.
Mathieu Guidère, Le choc des révolutions arabes. De l’Algérie au Yémen, 22 pays sous
tension, Paris, Editions Autrement, coll. « Frontières », 2012, 263 p., 1ère ed, 2011.
Mathieu Guidère, Atlas des pays arabes : des révolutions à la démocratie ? / Mathieu
Guidère ; avec la collaboration de Lynne Franjié ; cartographie Claire Levasseur. – Paris :
Autrement, 2012. – 96 p. : ill. en coul. Cartes ; 25 cm – (Atlas/Monde
Mathieu Guidère, Les cocus de la révolution. Voyage au cœur du Printemps arabe, Paris,
Editions Autrement, coll. « Haut et fort », 2013, 157 p