Symfony2 and MongoDB

Pablo Godel @pgodel - 2012.phpDay.it
May 18th 2012 - Verona, Italy
https://joind.in/6383

Friday, May 18, 2012

Who Am I?

⁃ Born in Argentina, living in the US since 1999
⁃ PHP & Symfony developer
⁃ Founder of the original PHP mailing list in spanish
⁃ Master of the parrilla


ServerGrove!

⁃ Founded ServerGrove Networks in 2005

⁃ Provider of web hosting specialized in PHP,
Symfony, ZendFramework, and others

⁃ Mongohosting.com under beta!


Community is our teacher

⁃ Very active open source supporter through code
contributions and usergroups/conference sponsoring


Agenda

- Introduction to MongoDB
- PHP and MongoDB
- PHP Libraries
- Symfony2 and MongoDB


What is MongoDB?

Who is 10Gen?


Mongo
Mongo as in "humongous". Used to describe
something extremely large or important.


MongoDB is a scalable, high-performance,
open source NoSQL database.

- Document Oriented DB
- Written in C++
- Available for *nux (Linux, Solaris, etc),
Windows and OS X
- Lots of Drivers (PHP, Java, Python, Ruby...)


Features

- Flexible JSON-style documents
- Full Indexing
- Complex Queries / Map Reduce
- Aggregation Framework (coming soon)
- GridFS (store ﬁles natively)
- Multiple Replication Options
- Sharding
- Simple Installation / Zero Conﬁg


Document Oriented

Coming from SQL?

Database => Database
Table => Collection
Row => Document


JSON-style documents
{
name: {
ﬁrst: 'John',
last: 'Doe'
},
title: 'Engineer',
age: 40
}


No Schema or ﬁxed tables

{
name: {
ﬁrst: 'Foo',
last: 'Bar'
},
title: 'Student',
school: 'Harvard'
}


Embedded documents
{
"_id" : ObjectId("4ccba15ef597e9352e060000")
"srcFilename" : "/etc/apache2/sites-enabled/example1.com",
"vhostDirective" :
{ "directives" : [
{
"name" : "CustomLog",
"value" : "logs/example1.com-access_log combined"
},
{
"name" : "DocumentRoot",
"value" : "/var/www/vhosts/example1.com/httpdocs"
},
{
"name" : "ServerName",
"value" : "example1.com"
}
]
}
}


Document Referencing
{
"_id" : ObjectId("4cc4a5c3f597e9db6e010109"),
"billingId" : NumberLong(650),
"created" : ISODate("2010-10-24T21:31:47Z"),
"servers" : [
{
"$ref" : "server",
"$id" : ObjectId("4cc4a5c4f597e9db6e050201")
}
],
"users" : [
{
"$ref" : "user",
"$id" : ObjectId("4cc4a5c4f597e9db6e980201")
},
{
"$ref" : "user",
"$id" : ObjectId("4cc4a5c4f597e9db6e9c0201")
}
]
}


Full Indexing

db.coll.ensureIndex({name.last: 1})

db.coll.ensureIndex({name.ﬁrst: 1, name.last: 1})

db.coll.ensureIndex({age: 0})


Querying

db.coll.find({name: 'John'})

db.coll.find({keywords: 'storage'})

db.coll.find({keywords: {$in: ['storage', 'DBMS']}}


GridFS

- Files are divided in chunks
and stored over multiple documents

- Transparent API


Replication

Source: http://www.mongodb.org/display/DOCS/Replication


Shards

Source: http://www.mongodb.org/display/DOCS/Introduction


Simple Installation/Zero Conﬁg

OS X

wget http://fastdl.mongodb.org/osx/mongodb-osx-x86_64-2.0.4.tgz

tar zxvf mongodb-osx-x86_64-2.0.4.tgz

cd mongodb-osx-x86_64-2.0.4

./mongod


Simple Installation/Zero Conﬁg

CentOS Linux
/etc/yum.repos.d/10gen.repo

[10gen]
name=10gen Repository
baseurl=http://downloads-distro.mongodb.org/repo/redhat/os/x86_64
gpgcheck=0

$ yum install -y mongo-stable-server
$ service mongod start


Why is MongoDB good for Rapid
Development of Web Apps?


Rapid Development
Schema-less / Document Oriented

FLEXIBILITY

by exfordy


Rapid Development
Schema-less / Document Oriented

EASIER
MIGRATIONS

by exfordy


Rapid Development

NO JOINS!


Performance

SPEED

by xavi talleda


Performance

SCALABILITY

by Jimee, Jackie, Tom & Asha


A Word of Caution

No Transactions
No Rollbacks
Unsafe defaults
Map Reduce locks

by Ernst Vikne


Great Use Cases

- Content Management

- Product Catalogs

- Realtime Analytics

- Logs Storage


PECL driver

Linux
pecl install mongo
echo “extension=mongo.so >> /path/php.ini”

OS X
http://php-osx.liip.ch/

Windows
https://github.com/mongodb/mongo-php-driver/downloads


Usage
<?php
// connect
$m = new Mongo();
// select a database
$db = $m->comedy;
// select a collection (analogous to a relational database's table)
$collection = $db->cartoons;
// add a record
$obj = array
( "title" => "Calvin and Hobbes", "author" => "Bill Watterson" );
$collection->insert($obj);
// add another record, with a different "shape"
$obj = array( "title" => "XKCD", "online" => true );
$collection->insert($obj);
// find everything in the collection
$cursor = $collection->find();
// iterate through the results
foreach ($cursor as $obj) {
echo $obj["title"] . "n";
}
?>


Storing Files
<?php

// save a file
$id = $grid->storeFile("game.tgz");
$game = $grid->findOne();

// add a downloads counter
$game->file['downloads'] = 0;
$grid->save($game->file);

// increment the counter
$grid->update(array("_id" => $id), array('$inc' => array
("downloads" => 1)));

?>


SQL to Mongo Queries
SQL to Mongo Mapping Chart
This is a PHP-specific version of the » SQL to Mongo mapping chart in the main docs.

SQL Statement
Mongo Query Language Statement
CREATE TABLE USERS (a Number, b Number)
Implicit or use MongoDB::createCollection().
INSERT INTO USERS VALUES(1,1)
$db->users->insert(array("a" => 1, "b" => 1));
SELECT a,b FROM users
$db->users->find(array(), array("a" => 1, "b" => 1));
SELECT * FROM users WHERE age=33
$db->users->find(array("age" => 33));
SELECT a,b FROM users WHERE age=33
$db->users->find(array("age" => 33), array("a" => 1, "b" => 1));
SELECT a,b FROM users WHERE age=33 ORDER BY name
$db->users->find(array("age" => 33), array("a" => 1, "b" => 1))->sort(array("name" => 1));
SELECT * FROM users WHERE age>33
$db->users->find(array("age" => array('$gt' => 33)));
SELECT * FROM users WHERE age<33
$db->users->find(array("age" => array('$lt' => 33)));
SELECT * FROM users WHERE name LIKE "%Joe%"
$db->users->find(array("name" => new MongoRegex("/Joe/")));
SELECT * FROM users WHERE name LIKE "Joe%"
$db->users->find(array("name" => new MongoRegex("/^Joe/")));
SELECT * FROM users WHERE age>33 AND age<=40
$db->users->find(array("age" => array('$gt' => 33, '$lte' => 40)));
SELECT * FROM users ORDER BY name DESC

http://php.net/manual/en/mongo.sqltomongo.php


Admin Interfaces

- Genghis
http://genghisapp.com/

- RockMongo
http://code.google.com/p/rock-php/wiki/rock_mongo

- php-mongodb-admin
https://github.com/jwage/php-mongodb-admin


PHP Libraries

- Doctrine ODM

- Mandango

- many more...


Doctrine MongoDB ODM

http://doctrine-project.org

Doctrine MongoDB Object Document Mapper is
built for PHP 5.3.2+ and provides transparent
persistence for PHP objects.


/** @Document */
class User
{
/** @Id */
private $id;

/** @String */
private $name;

/** @String */
private $email;

/** @ReferenceMany(targetDocument="BlogPost", cascade="all") */
private $posts = array();

// ...
}


/** @Document */
class BlogPost
{
/** @Id */
private $id;

/** @String */
private $title;

/** @String */
private $body;

/** @Date */
private $createdAt;

// ...
}


<?php

// create user
$user = new User();
$user->setName('Bulat S.');
$user->setEmail('email@example.com');

// tell Doctrine 2 to save $user on the next flush()
$dm->persist($user);

// create blog post
$post = new BlogPost();
$post->setTitle('My First Blog Post');
$post->setBody('MongoDB + Doctrine 2 ODM = awesomeness!');
$post->setCreatedAt(new DateTime());

$user->addPost($post);

// store everything to MongoDB
$dm->flush();



Array
(
[_id] => 4bec5869fdc212081d000000
[title] => My First Blog Post
[body] => MongoDB + Doctrine 2 ODM = awesomeness!
[createdAt] => MongoDate Object
(
[sec] => 1273723200
[usec] => 0
)
)


Array
(
[_id] => 4bec5869fdc212081d010000
[name] => Bulat S.
[email] => email@example.com
[posts] => Array
(
[0] => Array
(
[$ref] => blog_posts
[$id] => 4bec5869fdc212081d000000
[$db] => test_database
)
)
)



$user = $dm->find('User', $userId);

$user = $dm->getRepository('User')->findOneByName('Bulat S.');

$posts = $user->getPosts();
foreach ($posts as $post) {
echo $post;
}


Document Repositories
// src/YourNamespace/YourBundle/ServerRepository.php
namespace YourNamespaceYourBundle;

use DoctrineODMMongoDBDocumentRepository;

class ServerRepository extends DocumentRepository
{
public function getActiveServers()
{
return $this->createQueryBuilder()
->field('isActive')->equals(true)
->sort('name', 'asc')->getQuery()->execute();
}

Usage
$rep = $dm->getRepository(‘@YourBundle/Server’);
$servers = $rep->getActiveServers();


/** @Document */
class Image
{
/** @Id */
private $id;

/** @Field */
private $name;

/** @File */
private $file;


// store file
$image = new Image();
$image->setName('Test image');
$image->setFile('/path/to/image.png');

$dm->persist($image);
$dm->flush();

// retrieve and return file to client
$image = $dm->createQueryBuilder('DocumentsImage')
->field('name')->equals('Test image')
->getQuery()
->getSingleResult();

header('Content-type: image/png;');
echo $image->getFile()->getBytes();


Symfony is a PHP Web Development Framework.


Symfony2 Bundles

- DoctrineMongoDBBundle

- MandangoBundle


DoctrineMongoDBBundle

Installation with Composer

composer.json
{
require: {
"doctrine/mongodb-odm-bundle": "dev-master"
}
}

$ php composer.phar update


Conﬁguring Symfony2

app/autoload.php
use DoctrineCommonAnnotationsAnnotationRegistry;

AnnotationRegistry::registerFile(__DIR__.'/../vendor/doctrine-
mongodb-odm/lib/Doctrine/ODM/MongoDB/Mapping/Annotations/
DoctrineAnnotations.php');


Configuring Symfony2

app/config/config.yml
doctrine_mongodb:
connections:
default:
server: mongodb://localhost:27017
options:
connect: true
default_database: test_database
document_managers:
default:
auto_mapping: true


app/conﬁg/conﬁg.yml
doctrine_mongodb:
connections:
default:
server: mongodb://localhost:27017
options:
connect: true

usage:
server: mongodb://user:pass@db1.mongohosting.com:27017
options:
replicaSet: true
connect: true
default_database: test_database
document_managers:
default:
mappings:
SGCBundle: ~
SGCRepositoryAppBundle: yml
MyBundle: { type: xml, dir: Resources/config/doctrine/
mapping }


Deﬁning Documents


Deﬁning Documents
// src/Acme/StoreBundle/Document/Product.php
namespace AcmeStoreBundleDocument;

use DoctrineODMMongoDBMappingAnnotations as MongoDB;

/**
* @MongoDBDocument(collection="product")
*/
class Product
{
/**
* @MongoDBId
*/
protected $id;

/**
* @MongoDBString @MongoDBIndex(unique=true, order="asc")
*/
protected $name;


Using Documents
// src/Acme/StoreBundle/Controller/DefaultController.php
use AcmeStoreBundleDocumentProduct;
use SymfonyComponentHttpFoundationResponse;
// ...

public function createAction()
{
$product = new Product();
$product->setName('A Foo Bar');
$product->setPrice('19.99');

$dm = $this->get('doctrine.odm.mongodb.document_manager');
$dm->persist($product);
$dm->flush();

return new Response('Created product id '.$product->getId());
}


Forms
Since Documents are Plain PHP Objects integrating it with Symfony Forms is straightforward.

public function createAction()
{
$dm = $this->get
('doctrine.odm.mongodb.default_document_manager');

$form = $this->createForm(new RegistrationType(), new
Registration());

$form->bindRequest($this->getRequest());

if ($form->isValid()) {
$registration = $form->getData();

$dm->persist($registration->getUser());
$dm->flush();

return $this->redirect(...);
}
http://symfony.com/doc/master/bundles/DoctrineMongoDBBundle/form.html


Commands

Symfony2 Commands
doctrine
doctrine:mongodb:cache:clear-metadata Clear all metadata cache for a document manager.
doctrine:mongodb:fixtures:load Load data fixtures to your database.
doctrine:mongodb:generate:documents Generate document classes and method stubs from
your mapping information.
doctrine:mongodb:generate:hydrators Generates hydrator classes for document classes.
doctrine:mongodb:generate:proxies Generates proxy classes for document classes.
doctrine:mongodb:generate:repositories Generate repository classes from your mapping
information.
doctrine:mongodb:mapping:info Show basic information about all mapped
documents.
doctrine:mongodb:query Query mongodb and inspect the outputted results
from your document classes.
doctrine:mongodb:schema:create Allows you to create databases, collections and
indexes for your documents
doctrine:mongodb:schema:drop Allows you to drop databases, collections and
indexes for your documents


Bundles using MongoDB

- SonataDoctrineMongoDBAdminBundle

- IsmaAmbrosiGeneratorBundle

- EbutikMongoSessionBundle

- TranslationEditorBundle

- ServerGroveLiveChat


Questions?


Thank you!

Rate Me Please! https://joind.in/6383
Slides: http://slideshare.net/pgodel
Twitter: @pgodel
E-mail: pablo@servergrove.com

Symfony2 and MongoDB

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