Livable and healthy urban streets

1. livable and healthy urban streets
Connecting People + Place
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2. Urban forests
• Urban forests networks or systems comprising all
woodlands, groups of trees, and individual trees
located in urban and peri-urban areas.
• Management of the entire urban forest ecosystem
requires information on all vegetation and other
attributes of the system across the urban
landscape.
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3. Street trees
• lifeblood of communities, foundation of
economies.
• Livable and healthy urban streets.
• > 80% city public space.
• Safe place “on foot, bicycle, car, or transit”.
• Urban vitality.
• Activities and functions,
• Leisure and physical activities.
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4. Street trees benefits
• protection local watersheds
• improvement storm water management
• air pollution reduction
• absorption of greenhouse gasses,
• provision of aesthetic beauty,
• reduction in ambient air temperatures
(cooling cities)
• street trees add character to neighborhoods
• Increase value property
• attract wildlife
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5. Streetscape zone • Each element of street contributes
to streetscape and to the overall identity
of the neighbourhood.
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6. Sidewalk Zones
• Sidewalks should enable active public space and
accessible pedestrian travel.
• Amenities such as landscaping, lighting, seating, and
merchandise displays work to activate the street.
• These amenities should be properly organized to
ensure safe and accessible travel.
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7. Sidewalk Zones
• Frontage Zone: transitions between the public
sidewalk and the space within buildings occur
• Throughway Zone: sidewalk for pedestrian
travel along the street
• Furnishing Zone: street trees, landscaping,
transit stops, street lights, and site furnishings.
• Edge Zone: in and out of vehicles parked
• Extension Zone: pedestrian space may be
extended into the parking lane.
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8. The furnishing zone
• Buffer between pedestrian and street traffic.
• site furnishings should be consolidated in this zone
• Trees, streetlights, site furnishings, traffic poles,
• utility poles boxes, fire hydrants, other.
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9. Street Tree Selection
• Non-dominant species
• Nurture local biodiversity
• Native species, propagated technology
commercially available.
• Good at similar roadside environments.
The strategies in selecting tree species for urban street:
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10. Right Tree
1. Essential Attributes
2. Life-Cycle Planning
3. Pest and Disease Resistance
4. Roadside Pollution Tolerance
5. Pruning Tolerance
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11. Right Tree
6. Urban Soil Adaptability Life-Cycle Planning
7. Tree Size Dimension Roadside Pollution Tolerance
8. Ecological Value
9. Ornamental Value
10. Shade Cast
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12. Right Place
• Each street has its own spatial
limitations set by relevant standards
and guidelines which form the basic
and fundamental requirements for
safety of road users including
pedestrian and motorist.
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13. Right Place
2. Trees far from traffic signals, speed
enforcement cameras and traffic
surveillance equipment.
3. Trees planted at least 5m away from
the approach side of a pedestrian
crossing, run-in or a bus stop.
4. Planted at least 10m away from a road
junction.
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14. Right Place
5. planted at least 5m from existing street lighting to avoid
shading effect.
6. For avenue/street tree planting, minimum distance of
5m from centre of tree to centre of another tree.
6. The lowest tree branch overhang should have a
minimum height clearance of 2.5m if the branch overhang
occurs above a footpath or cycle track.
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15. Right Place
7.Management scheme , trimming , felling and
transplanting.
8.Tree planting, including small canopy trees, upright
tree/palm with narrow trunks, turf, groundcover or low
shrubs.
9. The overall height of the planters should not exceed
0.5m
10. Footpath width; a. Peak pedestrian crowdedness
b. Type of land use;
- Commercial, Residential 2m to 4.5m
-Industrial land use is 3.5m to 4.5m.
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16. Right Place
11.Roadside width, greening zone;
- Primary roads (2m),
- District distributer road (2m)
- Local roads (1.5m).
12. Central median greening zone;
-Visibility
-Irrigation system
-Low shrubs, small upright trees, narrow trunks
.
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17. Conclusion
•Optimum benefit from tree (Right place).
•Tree in Furnishing zone ( Block Pedestrian from street
emission).
•Green element on sidewalk (increase the livability and
activity)
•Many consideration in process of tree selection.
•Duhok city sidewalks, have no order. It needs planning
standards, and regulations to be obligatorily followed up.
•Duhok, street furniture shortage. 17

18. GO GREEN BEFORE THE GREEN GOES
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19. References
• Kadir, M. A. A., & Othman, N. (2012). Towards a better tomorrow: street trees and
their values in urban areas. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 35, 267-274.
• Reliance Foundary. (2019). How to select the best trees for sidewalks and tree
grates
• Burden D 2006, 22 Benefits of Urban Street Trees. Walkable Communities, Inc
• Miami Planning department (2009) Illustrated Principles of Good Planning, USA
• Pennsylvania Community Forests (2007) Pruning for Utility Line Clearance,
Pennsylvania State University.
• RJ, Kweon BS,PhD, Maghelal P, (2008) The Street Tree Effect and Driver Safety
• Nowak, D. J. (1994). Understanding the structure. Journal of Forestry. 92 (10): 42-
46., 92(10).
• Shingali, H. M. (2016). Commercializing Cities, Challenges, and Impacts Duhok
City. ZANCO Journal of Pure and Applied Sciences, 28(2).
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