1. FRBR: Cataloging’s New Frontier Emily Dust Nimsakont Nebraska Library Commission NCompass Live December 15, 2010 Photo credit: http://www.flickr.com/photos/fanz/160696504/

2. What is FRBR? Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records

3. What is FRBR? “a conceptual entity-relationship model … that relates user tasks of retrieval and access in online library catalogues and bibliographic databases from a user’s perspective” http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FRBR

4. “aconceptualentity-relationshipmodel… that relates user tasks of retrieval and access in online library catalogues and bibliographic databases from a user’s perspective” http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FRBR

5. What’s a conceptual model? An abstract way of thinking about a particular topic Not cataloging rules

6. History of FRBR Photo courtesy of Orange County Archives http://www.flickr.com/photos/ocarchives/2850534893/

7. FRBR grew out of a Seminar on Bibliographic Records held in Stockholm in 1990

8. A resolution was passed “that a study be commissioned to define the functional requirements for bibliographic records in relation to the variety of user needs and the variety of media.”

9. A resolution was passed “that a study be commissioned to define the functional requirements for bibliographic records in relation to the variety of user needs and the variety of media.”

10. A group was formed in 1991 by International Federation of Library Associations and Institutions (IFLA) to carry out the study.

11. The FRBR report was approved in 1997 and published in 1998. It’s available at http://www.ifla.org/en/publications/functional-requirements-for-bibliographic-records (Both the 1998 version and the current version)

12. Related Models Functional Requirements for Authority Data Functional Requirements for Subject Authority Data

13. “a conceptual entity-relationshipmodel… that relates user tasks of retrieval and access in online library catalogues and bibliographic databases from a user’s perspective” http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FRBR

14. User Tasks Find Identify Select Obtain FISO

15. User Tasks “to find entities that correspond to the user’s search criteria”

16. User Tasks “to identify an entity (i.e., to confirm that the entity described corresponds to the entity sought, or to distinguish between two or more entities with similar characteristics)”

17. User Tasks “to select an entity that is appropriate to the user’s needs (i.e., to choose an entity that meets the user’s requirements with respect to content, physical format, etc. ...)”

18. User Tasks “to acquire or obtain access to the entity described (i.e., to acquire an entity through purchase, loan, etc., or to access an entity electronically…)”

19. “a conceptual entity-relationshipmodel… that relates user tasks of retrieval and access in online library catalogues and bibliographic databases from a user’s perspective” http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FRBR

20. What’s an entity? “a thing which is recognized as being capable of an independent existence and which can be uniquely identified” http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Entity-relationship_model Entity Entity Entity

21. Entities have attributes. Attribute Attribute Attribute Attribute Entity Entity Attribute Attribute Attribute Attribute Attributes modify entities. Entity Attribute Attribute

22. Entities have relationships. Attribute Attribute Attribute Attribute Entity Entity relationship Attribute Attribute relationship Attribute Attribute Relationships are links between entities. Entity Attribute Attribute

23. FRBR has three groups of entities.

24. Group 1 Entities These entities are “products of intellectual or artistic endeavor.” They are the things represented by our catalog records. Photo credits: http://www.flickr.com/photos/steventong/3556248355/ http://www.flickr.com/photos/cjc/3494515480/ http://www.flickr.com/photos/greencolander/2160382976/

25. Group 1 Entities Work Expression Manifestation Item WEMI

26. Work “a distinct intellectual or artistic creation” Not represented in physical form Photo credit: http://www.flickr.com/photos/escapist/730800562/

27. Expression “the specific intellectual or artistic form that a work takes each time it is ‘realized’” Still an abstract concept Photo credit: http://www.flickr.com/photos/dbdbrobot/140068142/

28. Manifestation “the physical embodiment of an expression of a work” Representation of a set of items with the same physical characteristics Photo credit: http://www.flickr.com/photos/heidigoseek/115581765/

29. Item “a single exemplar of a manifestation” One physical copy of a book Photo credit: http://www.flickr.com/photos/steventong/3556248355/

30. Attributes of Group 1 Entities Title of the work Expression Work Language Inscriptions Manifestation Item Dimensions

31. Group 2 Entities These entities are responsible for the production of the Group 1 entities. They are authors, composers, illustrators, publishers, etc. Photo credits: http://www.flickr.com/photos/audringje/3533601011/ http://www.flickr.com/photos/dunechaser/123602414/ http://www.flickr.com/photos/quasimondo/99732039/sizes/m/in/photostream/

32. Group 2 Entities Person Corporate Body

33. Attributes of Group 2 Entities Dates Person Corporate body Place

34. Group 3 Entities These entities are the subjects of Group 1 entities. They are the things that our resources are about. Photo credits: http://www.flickr.com/photos/brianswan/3496233498/ http://www.flickr.com/photos/ysc/2179798100/ http://www.flickr.com/photos/manintheorangeshirt/3947383369/

35. Group 3 Entities Concept Object Place Event Group 1 Entities Group 2 Entities

36. Attributes of Group 3 Entities Term for concept Object Concept Term for object Term for event Place Event Term for place

37. 37 Relationships Between Entitiesin the Same Group Work Group 1 is realized through Expression is embodied in Manifestation recursive is exemplified by one Item many Image credit: Barbara Tillett, Library of Congress

38. Relationships Between Entitiesin Different Groups Image credit: http://www.frbr.org/2006/02/25/more-relationships-between-groups

39. How is this different from what we’ve been doing?Does FRBR make a difference?

40. WorldCat and FRBR Works with 1 manifestation = 87% Works with 2-5 manifestations = 12% Works with more than 5 manifestations = 1% Eric Childress,“FRBR and OCLC Research,” April 10, 2006 http://www.oclc.org/research/presentations/childress/2006-0410-uncch-sils.ppt

41. WorldCat and FRBR Works with 1 manifestation = 43% of total holdings Works with 2-5 manifestations = 40% of total holdings Works with more than 5 manifestations = 17% of total holdings Eric Childress,“FRBR and OCLC Research,” April 10, 2006 http://www.oclc.org/research/presentations/childress/2006-0410-uncch-sils.ppt

42. FRBR-ized Catalogs Worldcat.org Photo credit: http://www.flickr.com/photos/alapublishing/4265975757/

43. FRBR-ized Catalogs xISBN and thingISBN Can be used with current catalogs

44. FRBR-ized Catalogs Scherzo, Indiana University

45. FRBR-ized Catalogs OLAC Work-Centric Moving Image Discovery Interface Prototype

46. FRBR-ized Catalogs AustLit subscription service sample results available

47. FRBR-ized Catalogs Open Library

48. FRBR and RDA RDA = Resource Description and Access = new cataloging rules based on FRBR and its principles

49. FRBR and RDA RDA Structure – Recording Attributes Section 1 – Recording Attributes of Manifestation and Item Section 2 – Recording Attributes of Work and Expression Section 3 – Recording Attributes of Person, Family, and Corporate Body Section 4 – Recording Attributes of Concept, Object, Event, and Place

50. FRBR and RDA RDA Structure – Recording Relationships Section 5 – Recording Primary Relationships Between a Work, Expression, Manifestation, and Item Section 6 – Recording Relationships to Persons, Families, and Corporate Bodies Associated with a Resource Section 7 – Recording Subject Relationships Section 8 – Recording Relationships Between Works, Expressions, Manifestations and Items Section 9 – Recording Relationships Between Persons, Families, and Corporate Bodies Section 10 – Recording Relationships Between Concepts, Objects, Events, and Places

51. FRBR and RDA

52. FRBR Resources Functional Requirements for Bibliographic Records: Final Report http://www.ifla.org/en/publications/functional-requirements-for-bibliographic-records What is FRBR? http://www.loc.gov/cds/downloads/FRBR.PDF The FRBR Blog http://www.frbr.org/

53. FRBR Resources University of Colorado at Boulder FRBR Discussion http://cucataloging.blogspot.com/2010/05/brushing-up-on-frbr.html IFLA’s Guidelines for OPAC Displays http://archive.ifla.org/VII/s13/guide/opacguide03.pdf

54. FRBR Resources FRBR: A Guide for the Perplexed, by Robert Maxwell Understanding FRBR: What It Is and How it Will Affect Our Retrieval Tools, edited by Arlene Taylor

55. Thank you! Emily Dust Nimsakont Cataloging Librarian Nebraska Library Commission emily.dust.nimsakont@nebraska.gov 800-307-2665 www.delicious.com/NLC_Reference/ncompasslive+frbr www.slideshare.net/nebraskaccess