2016 R3 Carolyn Dann and Kathi Mirza
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2016 R3 Carolyn Dann and Kathi Mirza
- 1. Carolyn Dann, Kathi Mirza MassDEP Municipal Assistance Coordinators MassRecycle R3 Conference, March 29, 2016
- 2. ๏Why? ๏What Can You Do in an Existing School? โข Examples from Hingham High School ๏How to Design a NEW School?
- 3. ๏ Educational value โข Teaching by Doing โข Project-Based Learning opportunity
- 4. ๏ Following the Rules! โข State Waste Bans DO apply to schools and municipal buildings, too! ๏ Good Citizenship โข Schools need to set a good example.
- 5. ๏ Savings โข Lower trash tonnage -> less frequent p/u, lower cost โข Done well, no more time and maybe less! ๏ Even more savings if compost onsite โข Reduces disposal โข Produces compost for gardens or plantings
- 6. ๏ Environmental Benefits โข Downstream: Minimizes need for waste disposal, landfills โข Upstream: Reduces resources used in mining, manufacturing and transportation
- 8. Mixed paper 12% Bottles and Cans 23% Cardboard 12% Compostable 15% Trash 23% Film plastic and trash bags 15% Amount by Volume
- 9. ๏Easier than trash. ๏Sustainable โ you donโt have to do this alone; establish a โGreen Teamโ (www.thegreenteam.org) ๏Teach all HOW and WHY!
- 10. ๏ Why put messy, liquid filled containers in the trash? ๏ Reduce costs by separating liquids and pouring them down the drain.
- 11. ๏ Recycle more of whatever is allowed by your hauler. ๏ Cartons are now being recycled in many places as well as bottles and cans. Check with the Carton Council for grants!
- 12. ๏ Onsite composting โ limited range of food wastes (no meat or dairy, salad bar only?) but requires management. ๏ Compost โ some or all ๏ Compost can be used on gardens or grounds
- 13. ๏ Good because it takes all food types and all kitchen leftovers ๏ But, cost can be an issue.
- 14. ๏ Parallel Sorting โข Recycling next to every trash container! โข Cost per set-up: ~$300 โข Savings: Reduced Trash ๏ Great Signage: โข Libraries โข Gyms โข Lobbies โข Administration Areas ๏ Simple Instructions โข Clean and Dry Paper โข Empty Bottles and Cans โข Trash the Rest
- 15. ๏Trayless Tuesdays ๏โTip, Tap, and Stackโ trays to save space ๏Add a โShare Tableโ ๏Can recycling ๏Cardboard recycling ๏Locker Clean-outs ๏Special Collections ๏Event Recycling ๏Sports Field Recycling
- 16. ๏ Liquids pour-off makes cafeteria trash easier, cleaner ๏ Food waste separation more work but students can help. ๏ 96-gallon wheeled carts best for collecting recycling from classrooms.
- 17. Dishware options for school foodservice operations include: 1. Washable foodservice ware & dish machines 2. Compostable foodservice ware 3. Disposable foodservice ware (foam) Key considerations: 1. Cost 2. Environmentally friendly 3. Healthy choice for serving both hot and cold food to students
- 18. ๏ Polystyrene foam is manufactured with a monomer called Styrene. ๏ Styrene leaches out of foam containers into food and beverages. ๏ EPA studies conducted in the 1980s showed that 100% of Americans have Styrene in their bodies. ๏ Most municipalities in MA dispose of waste through incineration. EPA reports that stack emissions from waste incineration contain Styrene. ๏ And because plastic foam litter is lightweight and easily airborne, it is a major source of ocean pollution, threatening birds and marine mammals. ๏ Buying trays requires storage space. Disposing of foam trays create lots of waste!
- 20. ๏ENLIST YOUR SPORTS TEAMS
- 25. ๏All classes use the environment as the focus that day ๏Environmental Science Fair ๏Eco-Art ๏Guest speaker and Films offered as option ๏Work in the garden, sift compost!
- 27. ๏ Initiatives: โข Assessments, team meetings, signage for classrooms, promotion, new SSR dumpsters โข Waste audits in cafeterias โข Established ongoing Green Teams including Principal, custodian, one faculty and one parent โข Cafeteria recycling โ liquids drained, cartons recycled, new cardboard trays recycled ๏ Outcomes ๏ Trash dropped 10-11% from 23.5 to 21 T/month ๏ Recycling increased 75% from 3.6 to 6.3 T/month ๏ Avoided disposal cost @$60/ton = $1600/year (assuming 2.7 more tons recycled each month for 10 months)
- 28. ๏Initiatives: โข New equipment: 200 recycling bins, 63 carts , 100 41-quart baskets for mailrooms/copy rooms โข Recycling outreach: plus newsletters, library books, video-lab kits, posters and stickers, meetings with all staff, and EPA workbooks ๏Outcomes: โข Reduced # of pickups by 537 โข Saved ~$28,000/yr
- 29. Initiatives ๏ 2008 - 8-week pilot recycling program in 3 schools. ๏ 2009 - expansion to other 11 schools. ๏ Team: โข schoolsโ facilities manager and the manager of custodians; the Cityโs hauler (Allied Waste); City DPW and MassDEP, as well as staff from the Center for Ecological Technology (CET). Outcomes ๏ Classrooms got recycling bins from MassDEPโs Green Team and DPW. ๏ New trash-collection contract with district-wide paper and cardboard recycling saved 15% (~$15,000/year). ๏ Additional avoided cost savings from reduced trash equaled ~$38,000 per year.
- 30. How? ๏Get Involved EARLY โข SBC, MSBA, architects, โข Who else? ๏Beware the โValue Engineeringโ ๏Watch the โBack Endโ Design ๏Design for Flexibility
- 31. ๏ No way to tip recycling carts into dumpsters, farther away than trash. ๏ No ramps for wheeled carts ๏ Fences, enclosures blocking recycling dumpsters
- 32. Dead end space Built in wrong place Wrong size for barrels Enclosed space, All doors look the same, Inflexible arrangement Not moveable; Wrong location for student lunch traffic Wrong size for barrels
- 33. Good signs, well- positioned helps! Custodians like the wheeled dollies ~$350/3-part setup
- 34. ๏ BAD: Recycling Barrels In Hallways ๏ GOOD: Hallway Recycling w/o Impeding Traffic ๏ Ideally, Trash Next to Recycling
- 35. Need: ๏ Access to ground level ๏ Space for storage inside and outside
- 36. ๏ Many new schools have dish machines now = BEST way to reduce waste volume. ๏ Framingham โ retrofit three schools, NO added labor cost, reduced trash 50%. ๏ Savings on trays: ~ $2000/year for 400 students โข 400 foam trays/day for 180 days at $0.03 each =$2160 /yr โข Vs. 400 reusable trays at $4.00/tray used 15 yrs= $106/yr ๏
- 37. ๏ Know Your Buy Recycled Policy ๏ Consider Impact on Trash and Recycling for ALL Products โข Trays and food service ware โข Copy paper โข Paper towels and tissue โข Vending machines ๏ Work with DPW to Ensure Good Recycling Services
- 38. ๏ MassDEP Green Team www.TheGreenTeam.org ๏ Recycling Works MA www.RecyclingWorksMA.com ๏ MassDEP Sustainable Materials Recovery Program Grants http://www.mass.gov/eea/agencies/massd ep/recycle/grants/smrp-grants.html
- 39. โข Western Mass: Arlene Miller- ๏ Arlenem773@aol.com โข Central Mass: Irene Congdon- ๏ Irene_congdon1@yahoo.com โข Southeast 1: TBD โ โข Southeast 2: Kathi Mirza - ๏ KMirza@taunton-ma.gov โข Northeast 2: Sharon Byrne Kishida- ๏ SKishida@beverlyma.gov โข Northeast 3: Carolyn Dann- ๏ CDann@bedfordma.gov โข Barnstable County: Dave Quinn- ๏ DQuinn@barnstablecounty.org โข Boston area: Brooke Nash- ๏ Brooke.Nash@state.ma.us
- 40. ๏ The schools of the future should generate more recycling and compostable material than trash. ๏ Maybe NO trash at all! ๏ Can you help us get there? ๏ THANK YOU!
Editor's Notes
- CD: One of 7 MACs, we serve munis across the state, TA for town programs and sometimes schools. Info presented here was compiled from work done by our team to support WR in schools. The main goals for our talk today is to give you suggestions to help you move your schools towards ZW; to help you remove some of the barriers; and to start the conversation about designing the schools of the future that will make ZW easier than trashing. Ask audience: Who feels they have an exemplary recycling program? Who manages custodial staff? Who has been on a school building committee? Who has a โrecycling centerโ in a school that doesnโt work well? You wouldnโt install a sink without connecting the plumbing so the goal of this presentation is to help โconnect the dotsโ of recycling in the same thorough way.
- CD
- CD: To help build the case to make any changes to an existing system, we need to start with answering โwhy?โ. Letโs just review why we do recycle in schools.
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- Every school is different, you can learn the most from doing a waste audit. You and the students will both be amazed. Here are consolidated results from 7 Beverly school audits done by Change Is Simple. Waste sorts I have done show that more than half of what is discarded can be composted, liquids can be very substantial, and trash is clearly less than 20%. Actual trash is typically comprised of foam trays and food service ware, as well as straws, wrappers and baggies, etc.
- CD:This is a waste sort of a HS where they are actively recycling classroom paper, diverting liquids, containers and food waste in the cafeteria and yet there is still more to be done. Note: still only 23% really should be trash here.
- CD: So, we will run thru some suggestions for how to get closer to ZW in your school system, keeping in mind some key goals such as: - Recycling s.b. easier than trashing, especially for the custodians The programs should be sustainable for the long term, not just one teacher/staff but involving a team or whole school. - All members should understand both the How and the WHY of recycling; students are likely to follow othersโ examples so all need to help.
- CD: Easy to set-up container to collect liquids. Some schools use funnels or screens. Empty and rinse daily. Custodians often like this because it reduces the messy, smelly bags from the cafeteria. It reduces the weight of trash significantly and trash is priced by weight so that saves on the disposal cost.
- CD: After liquids are emptied from containers, be sure to collect bottles, cans AND CARTONS for recycling. Bottles and cans are prohibited from disposal in Mass. These materials have high value, so we donโt want to throw them away. And milk cartons contain valuable fiber that is used to make new paper. Also, consider getting a hydration station to encourage reusable water bottles. Less waste will be created with fewer containers to manage.
- CD: Composting can include: Food scraps from kitchen prep, lunch waste, and soiled napkins and paper towels. Also compostable trays if used. Shortly you will hear from Hingham about their successful program for composting onsite. You can start small by collecting veg or salad scraps on one day per week and putting into on-site compost bin. Going bigger involves collecting all fruit and vegetable leftovers and requires a dedicated staff leader and a team of students but can turn into a beautiful, tasty garden and source of local organic food.
- CD: Going all the way involves collecting all food waste including meat and dairy products, which gets composted off-site. There is a collection cost for this type of program but it can be $1000 or less per school when you divert from both the kitchen and the cafeteria and include the savings from disposal costs.
- CD: In common areas (offices, media centers, gyms) it is important to set up recycling RIGHT. Parallel sorting, good signage and simple instructions are all KEY. This is an example of a setup in a library. The main common areas have the same set-up. Each set-up shown cost about $300. The custodians like the fact that they have less trash each day and the recycling is not contaminated. They can combine the paper and containers when they collect them but keeping the station dual-stream helps enforce the message of no contamination and works for people who may be visitors.
- CD: Other options that can be starting points or next steps
- You may be concerned that this looks like more work for the custodians but it has not been my experience. Liquids pour-off is their favorite because it makes the trash easier, lighter, and less messy to deal with. Food waste may mean a bit more work but student helpers are often available. Providing large size wheeled carts that are stored on each floor enables the teachers to make sure their classroom bins get emptied when needed and makes collection faster and easier. After this slide, switch to Kathi.
- High volume waste stream in the cafeteria is the food service ware, especially trays, used to serve food to students. Envly friendly: (generating the least amount of waste and minimal use of energy and water) More and more schools are expressing interest in moving away from foam trays and have reached out to MassDEP to learn more. Last year, my colleagues and I conducted an informal survey of FSDs in MA schools to learn what they are currently using. KM: MA Survey to > 400 School Foodservice Directors in Fall 2014 (with help from DESE) 48 districts responded by Dec 2014. Of those responding, 75 districts said they had a dish machine in at least one school, and 31% use compostable FSware in at least one school.
- Styrene: reasonably considered to be carcinogen, according to the federal government (Natl Toxicology Program, CDC, Dept of Health and Human Svcs). But FOAM IS CHEAP- avg cost os 3-5 cents per tray, but it is only in use for about 30 minutes before it is disposed!
- NYC public schools are working to eliminate use of foam trays in schools- start by showing how much waste is created every day Light weight but take up space KM: Our survey respondents in MA indicated 75% of school districts use foam trays in at least one of their schools. We can do better.
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- KM After this slide, switch back to Carolyn
- CD: Now, we would like to ask for your help! We have seen many new schools with unworkable recycling infrastructure. Some of our colleagues have tried to help in the design phase and hit some roadblocks. Maybe you can help guide us to the right places to effect change. What weโve learned so far is that we must get involved early in the design, meet with architects, and maybe others? Also, stay involved towards the end when the โvalue engineeringโ happens and low priority items get cut out. If nothing else, focus on the loading dock and dumpster arrangement. Keep in mind to design for flexibility โ recycling is dynamic!
- CD: Here are some examples of problems. No wonder many custodians hate recycling.
- CD: Inside cafeterias there are also problems as shown here.
- Hereโs what has been suggested by custodians when weโve asked what they wanted.
- Hereโs another common issue: storage for recycling barrels in hallways. FD have concerns if they block the flow of traffic. Ideally, every trash barrel would have a companion recycling station.
- CD: Need storage for carts outside as well
- CD: Many districts have new schools (ashland, concord, framingham, franklin, marshfield, walpole) Framingham retrofit and found no added labor cost required Cost savings: Compostable 8-10 cents, Foam 3-5 cents per tray, Reusable have 15-yr life and average 0.00148 Local leaders: Ashland, Concord, Framingham, Franklin, Marshfield, and Walpole. Framingham converted 3 schools to dish machines in 2012 Trash reduced 50% Also compost food scraps Garden at High School No added labor cost neededDecision often based on long term evaluation of costs and the will of the school community. Newer dish machines: energy and water efficient- quick sanitizing wash
- CD: Think about the big picture of the schools you serve and all of the goods and services procured to keep everything working. Put our values into practice. Most towns in MA have procurement policies that Encourage employees to BUY RECYCLED when an environmentally preferable alternative is available and is cost effective. WHEN MAKING PURCHASES, Consider which items create waste, which items can be recycled or composted, or even better, which items reduce waste in the first place. Services: Does you school have collection services in place for recyclables generated onsite? If you have trash collection, you should also have collection of recyclables, at a minimum for cardboard, paper, bottles & cans. Even if this service is not in the school budget, and the town does collection for you, your purchasing choices impact the whole system and the program cost for managing discards. Effective contracts are structured in a way that allows savings from reduced collection of trash when the school reduces waste and recycles more.