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LA TERAPIA DEL CANCRO
DELLO STOMACO
Gastrolearning
CANCRO DELLO STOMACO
CANCRO DELLO STOMACO
CANCRO DELLO STOMACO
CARCINOMA GASTRICO
Trattamento Chirurgico
Carcinoma Metastatico
Carcinoma Avanzato
Early Gastric Cancer
Intramucoso
Sottomucoso
(T2 – T4)
TRATTAMENTO CHIRURGICO
1. Estensione della resezione gastrica
2. Splenectomia
3. Estensione della linfoadenectomia
4. Ruolo della laparoscopia
CANCRO DELLO STOMACO
GASTRECTOMIA SUBTOTALE (SG) vs GASTRECTOMIA
TOTALE (TG): SOPRAVVIVENZA
Bozzetti et al, Ann Surg 1999
CANCRO DELLO STOMACO
Davies et al, World J Surg 1998
BMI QOL
CANCRO DELLO STOMACO
GASTRECTOMIA SUBTOTALE (SG) vs
GASTRECTOMIA TOTALE (TG)
Cambiamenti di peso (BMI) dopo intervento
chirurgico in due gruppi di pazienti p<0.001,
rispetto ai valori preoperatori p<0.005, TG vs
STG
Risultati della Rotterdam Symptom
Checklist (RSCL), p<0.05 rispetto ai valori
preoperatori, p<0.05, TG vs STG
CANCRO DELLO STOMACO
CANCRO DELLO STOMACO
CONTROVERSIE CHIRURGICHE
1. Estensione della resezione gastrica
2. Splenectomia
3. Estensione della linfoadenectomia
4. Ruolo della laparoscopia
CANCRO DELLO STOMACO
CANCRO DELLO STOMACO
CANCRO DELLO STOMACO
CANCRO DELLO STOMACO
CANCRO DELLO STOMACO
CANCRO DELLO STOMACO
CONTROVERSIE CHIRURGICHE
1. Estensione della resezione gastrica
2. Splenectomia
3. Estensione della linfoadenectomia
4 Ruolo della laparoscopia
CANCRO DELLO STOMACO
LINFOADENECTOMIA D2
VANTAGGI
- Stadiazione accurata
- Effetto curativo
- Minima malattia residua
- Migliore sopravvivanza?
SVANTAGGI
- Aumento dei tempi chirurgici
- Più alta mortalità e morbidità
CANCRO DELLO STOMACO
N0
N1
N2
N3
D2 vs D3 LYMPHADENECTOMY: BETTER SURVIVAL?
Sasako M. et al, N Eng J Med 2008
D2 vs D3 LYMPHADENECTOMY: BETTER SURVIVAL?
Sano et al, JCO 2004Sano et al, JCO 2004
D3 LYMPHADENECTOMY: HIGHER MORTALITY AND MORBIDITY?HIGHER MORTALITY AND MORBIDITY?
CONTROVERSIE CHIRURGICHE
1. Estensione della resezione gastrica
2. Splenectomia
3. Estensione della linfoadenectomia
4 Ruolo della laparoscopia
CANCRO DELLO STOMACO
CANCRO DELLO STOMACO
Per T, N, metastasi epatiche:
sovrapponibile a quella di TC,US,RMN
Per metastasi peritoneali:
Laparoscopia di staging = 93-100%,
TC = 40-100%
Accuratezza della
laparoscopia nello
STAGING
CANCRO DELLO STOMACO
Percentage distribution of M1 disease at staging
laparoscopy
CANCRO DELLO STOMACO
La laparoscopia
diagnostica modifica
Il “management” nel
8,5-59,6% dei casi,
evitando la laparotomia
al 8,5%-43,8% dei
pazienti
CANCRO DELLO STOMACO
STAGING
LAPAROSCOPY (SL)
• Is an invasive procedure
• Requires general anesthesia
• Mean operative time: 50 minutes
• Morbidity 2.2 %
• Mortality 0 %
CANCRO DELLO STOMACO
Sarela AJ et al, Ann Surg 2006
Laparoscopic Staging Recommended
• GEJ or whole stomach
• N > 1 cm
• T3 – T4
• Poorly differentiated tumor?
Sarela AJ et al, Ann Surg 2006
CANCRO DELLO STOMACO
GASTRIC CARCINOMA
Laparoscopy
Meta-analysis of
LDG vs ODG for Gastric Cancer
Vinuela EF et al, Ann Surg 2012
- CONCLUSIONS -
“LDG is a safe option for the treatment of gastric
cancer that compares favorably with ODG in short-
term outcomes.LDG may result in a clinically
insignificant but lower lymph node
retrieval. This may be related to learning curve
issues. The long-term oncologic impact of this is
unclear. LDG is clearly established as a valid and
effective treatment for early gastric cancer in the
East. It now needs to be proven for advanced
gastric cancer in the West in patients with higher
BMI and associated comorbidities. However,
Eastern data is highly likely to be replicated.”
Vinuela EF et al, Ann Surg 2012
Laparoscopic Versus Open Distal Gastrectomy for Gastric Cancer
A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials and High-Quality
Nonrandomized Studies
GASTRIC CARCINOMA
““Good” surgery is the key to achievingGood” surgery is the key to achieving
locoregional control and to avoid thelocoregional control and to avoid the
bias of inadequate staging .bias of inadequate staging .

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